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Ilmastikunähtustega seotud keeleassotsiatsioonid [Weather-related language associations]
No full textArtiklis käsitletakse ilmastikunähtustega seotud keeleassotsiatsioone. Artikli kirjanduse ülevaatesse on koondatud ülevaade varasematest uuringutest, mille keskmeks on olnud ilmastikunähtused ja nende seosed emotsioonide, lingvistiliste ja psühholoogiliste aspektidega. See järel tutvustatakse uuringut, mille käigus täitis 59 osalejat ilmastikuga seotud stiimulsõnade küsimustiku. Artikli lõpuosas esitatakse tulemused, mille kohaselt on valdav enamik ilmastikunähtustega seotud keeleassotsiatsioonidest süntagmaatilised, kõlapõhiseid assotsiatsioone ei esinenud. Samuti domineerisid omadussõnalised assotsiatsioonid nimisõnaliste ees
The Level of Preparedness among the Local Governments of the Katowice Conurbation for Risks Associated with Depopulation and Ageing of the Population
No full textThe Katowice conurbation is the largest traditional economic region in Central Europe and simultaneously a complex settlement system. Yet it faces numerous problems. The article attempts to answer the questions: (1) Does the hitherto relatively uniform economic structure of the Katowice conurbation, based on mining and metallurgy, cause similar intensities of depopulation, demographic ageing and urban shrinkage in 16 neighbouring towns? (2) Is the scope of policies mitigating the effects of these processes similar? The analysis of statistical data for 1999 and 2018 and the development strategies of individual towns shows that both the trends in population changes and the policies adopted towards them differ. The severity of the negative processes varies, with the largest being in Katowice, Sosnowiec and Bytom. Most towns recognize the problem yet consider its solution through selective actions (improvement in housing conditions, development of services or launching new industrial activities). There are also towns that, although seeing problems, marginalize them in their development strategies. Only Czeladź has a multifaceted approach to this problem. The general conclusion shows a need to coordinate the policies of local governments of the entire conurbation for the benefit of multifaceted measures to mitigate depopulation, demographic ageing and urban shrinkage
EU’s Hopeless Crises in Postmodern Reality
No full textAlthough we are going to put forward several statements regarding problems within the EU, they should not be interpreted as a way towards possible solutions. EU structural problems are endemic and thus do not have solutions. The list may include 10s of items but even some of them, crucial ones, lead to the EU’s hopelessness.
The legitimation of public sector reforms – the case of Estonia
No full textThere is a growing debate on the political legitimacy of government and its deficiency or even crisis but very little attention has been drawn to legitimation as the process of creating legitimacy. The article turns its focus to legitimation and analyses how the theoretical frameworks of F.W. Scharpf1 (input vs output legitimacy) and I. Blühdorn2 (subject-centred, abstract and performative legitimacy) help shed light upon two lengthy reform processes and the creation of legitimacy in Estonia. The basic decision-making rationales reflecting either NPM or network-based governance are also analysed throughout the legitimation process. The article shows how legitimation in Estonia mostly falls into the categories of output-oriented and abstract or performative legitimation with reflections of the prevalence of NPM. Many stakeholders are often seen as institutionally too weak to give their input to policies and in fear of unconstructive engagement, public servants prefer to legitimise ready-made policies. The article explains how legitimation could be seen as a governing tool to overcome these tendencies.
Два письма П. А. Вяземского [Two Letters by Pyotr Vyazemsky]
No full textThis is a prefaced and annotated preprint of a much larger corpus of Prince Pyotr Vyazemsky’s letters (see also the previous volume of Slavica Revalensia) to the editor of the journal “Russkii arkhiv” (“Russian Archive”) Pyotr Bartenev. In these particular two letters written in a span of a week (September 19 and 27, 1868, Old Style) the elderly poet criticizes Bartenev for publishing “Zapiska o kramolakh vragov Rossii” (“A Note on Russia’s Enemies’ Conspiracies”) and shares his marginalia with “Russian Archive’s” editor. Written 45 years prior to 1868, this note resounded in Prince Vyazemsky as an example of current (or timeless) religious obscurantism that Prince Vyazemsky loathed
Олег Анатольевич Коростелев (11.01.1959—20.03.2020) [In memoriam: Oleg Anatol’evich Korostelev (January 11, 1959 – March 20, 2020)]
No full textThis is a double portrait of a foremost expert in Russian émigré literature, a long-term nauchnyi sotrudnik (research fellow) of the IMLI RAN (A. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences), and the founding editor of the peer-reviewed journal in Russian literature Literaturnyi fakt, Oleg Korostelev, a friend of both Irina Belobrovtseva and Olga Demidova
Changes in Class Structures after the Great Recession: Estonia and Lithuania Compared
No full textIn the studies of transition states and societies, Estonia and Lithuania are considered as twin cases of the neoliberal Baltic model due to similarities in their political economies and macroeconomic policies. Do similarities between the two countries extend to their class structures? We compare changes of the class composition in Estonia and Lithuania during the 2008-2015 period, encompassing the Great Recession and subsequent recovery. For empirical analysis, we use the European Social Survey (ESS) data and employ the framework of the European Socio-economic Classification (ESeC). We find that by 2015 the class structure of the Estonian society became similar to the class structures in the technologically most advanced post-industrial countries. Changes in the class structure of Lithuania diverged from general trends, preserving many features characteristic of industrial societies
Address Terms among the Russian Ethnic Minority in Lithuania in Offline and Online Communication: an Emerging New Identity
No full textThe study examines address terms (ATs) used by the Russian ethnic minority of Lithuania (RuL) focusing primarily on the vocative use of anthroponyms and on the zero vocative, including in combination with T/V forms of address. Our aim is to explore how ethnic and social characteristics of offline and online communities can influence address strategies in a multicultural environment and assess possible communicative risks. The article draws on the findings from two studies. We first present data from a survey conducted among RuL speakers examining their prevalent ATs, used alongside T/V forms, in offline communication. We then analyse ATs in the publications and comments sections in popular Facebook social network groups used by the RuL community. The study examines the speech behaviour of the RuL community in light of the geopolitical and sociolinguistic situation and seeks to determine factors influencing the choice of a particular form of address. The findings suggest that the RuL speakers present an emerging new identity of Russian speakers and have implications for future research on the enregisterment practices of ATs among Russian speakers of the post-Soviet space
Demokraatlikud riigid uue valitsemisdoktriini otsinguil
No full textLääne demokraatiad on uute identiteetide otsinguil, et tagada oma legitiimsus ja konkurentsivõime. 2000-ndate suure majanduskriisi järel on tekkinud mõjukad antiliberaalsed, antipoliitilised ja populistlikud diskursused. Akadeemilises maailmas arutletakse järeldemokraatia ja demokraatiate depolitiseerimise üle. COVID-2019 tõstatas vägagi elulise küsimusena, kas Hiina laadsete modernsete arengurežiimide või Türgi-Poola tüüpi tugevate suletud rahvusriikide lähenemine pole üleilmastumise uutele väljakutsetele vastamiseks sobivam kui hajusate piiridega, mitmekultuurilisust ja vähemuste õigusi taotleva liberaalse demokraatia oma
Eesti riigimõte teel riigiteadusteni
No full text Järgnevas artiklis käsitleme Eesti riigimõtte arengut, sealhulgas riigiteaduste väljakujunemist. Omariikluse mõtestamine on ühe kultuuriruumi loogiline ja vajalik osa, millega tegelevad paljude eluvaldkondade inimesed kirjanikest poliitikute ja teadlasteni. Nii Eesti moodsa riikluse kujunemine kui ka riigimõtte ja riigiteaduste areng on olnud suhteliselt hilised ning suuresti mõjutatud naaberriikide ja laiemalt läänemaailma varasematest sellealastest arengusuundadest. Siiski väärib iga iseseisva riigi ideoloogiline ja teaduslik mõtestamine uurimist ning sellele järgnev artikkel keskendubki.