Tallinn University Publications
Not a member yet
873 research outputs found
Sort by
Lithuanian Working-class Parenting Styles: Normalising Concerted Cultivation
No full textSocial scientists distinguish different cultural approaches to childrearing, related to the social class positions of the families. The middle-class childrearing style is often described as ‘concerted cultivation’, and the ‘accomplishment of natural growth’ defines practices prevalent among working-class and poor families. The repertoire of concerted cultivation that manifests middle-class privilege often involves hectic schedules of adult-organised activities and treats children as projects to be developed. The accomplishment of natural growth is based on a more open-ended schedule of children not strictly controlled by adults. Both concerted cultivation and the accomplishment of natural growth are underresearched in the Lithuanian and Eastern European context, where social stratification of family life experienced substantial changes in the last three decades.
Based on 23 biographical interviews with Lithuanian working-class parents, the article analyses their different childrearing styles and parenting values. By examining how they organise and structure their children’s everyday life, I demonstrate that most working-class parents are committed to concerted cultivation based on tight everyday schedules and regimented activities. I argue that Lithuanian parents tend to activate middle-class parenting values by practicing concerted cultivation that functions as their attempt to fit the neoliberal norms of achievement, competitiveness and instrumentalism, and the ideology of intensive or ‘good’ parenting
«Военные рассказы» М. Кузмина: Попытка реинтерпретации [Toward the Reinterpretation of Mikhail Kuzmin’s _War Stories_]
No full textThe article analyzes War Stories (Voennye rasskazy, 1915) by Mikhail Kuzmin and offers a new interpretation of the book’s pragmatics. Most students of War Stories have not treated this collection in much detail, mainly seeing it as Kuzmin’s unsuccessful attempt to become a part of the mainstream patriotic movement during WWI. Contrary to her predecessors, Alexandra Pakhomova argues this particular book has a definite and consciously motivated authorial strategy. What Kuzmin did in War Stories was an attempt to establish his new literary reputation, and also to create an entirely new genre of short fiction in Russian literature
The White and Red Terror in the Eastern Part of Viru County in 1917–1919
No full textFrom 1917 to 1919, terror against political enemies was used by the Bolsheviks, the German occupation authorities, the Commune of the Working People of Estonia that acted as a puppet government for Soviet Russia, and also by the young Republic of Estonia, as they tried to protect their rule. Compared to the rest of Estonia, the eastern parts of Viru County, especially Narva and Jaanilinn, are notable for a relatively higher number of victims. Estonians constituted the majority of the victims of the terror from both sides, but less is known about the fact that many Finnish members of the Red Guards were among those who fell when the Estonian Army and the Finnish volunteers liberated the city of Narva in January 1919
Disparity in Regional Development and its effect on Political Culture Trends: Evidence from Iran
No full textSeeking to determine the factors driving political cultures onto distinct trajectories, researchers have considered development one of the main causes for emerging new values, which configure political culture trends along with cultural heritage as a conservative force. We argue that if the theories are correct, then they should function not only at the national level but also at other levels. We found that disparate human development levels in Iranian provinces, as a result of the concentration of resources and wealth in some regions, are contributing to the diverse levels of emerging democratic values and attitudes across the country and among provinces, which in turn has driven the country to a cultural heterogeneity in terms of these new values. Furthermore, the inconsistent case of Kurds indicates that there is still room for the cultural heritages of small worlds to impose their forces on national political culture structure
Tõlkekirjanduse vahendamisest ja vastuvõtust Eestis aastatel 1990–2000 saksakeelse kirjanduse näitel [Mediation and reception of translated literature in Estonia between 1990–2000 with reference to German literature]
No full textArtiklis võetakse vaatluse alla saksakeelse tõlkekirjanduse olu kord Eestis aastatel 1990–2000 ning püütakse arutleda selle üle, kui palju aitavad tõlkija, tõlke kommenteerija, kirjastaja, lugeja ja tõlke arvustaja kaasa tõlketeksti spetsiifika hoidmisele. Lisaks vaadeldakse, kuidas muu tus saksakeelse kirjanduse kirjastamine, vahendamine ja vastuvõtt Eestis pärast taasiseseisvumist, kui riik pööras pilgu pigem angloameerika kultuuriruumi suunas.--------------------In 1991, when Estonia regained its independence, the situation in the translation market changed dramatically. The number of translations rose rapidly, the conventional translation methods were changed, and the translated books of fiction acquired a central position in the system of Estonian culture as well as in the landscape of Estonian literature. Trans lations became a part of the Estonian literature, and they were often seen as original texts. At the same time translations tended to lose their own identity as translated texts.The aim of this article is to find out whether the social and cultural systems of the target culture (translators, publishers, critics) were sup porting literary translations as such, since they involved specific type of texts, representing rather the source culture than the target culture, yet becoming a part of the literature of the target culture. The situation of the publishing houses in Estonia between 1990–2000 and the importance of translations, particularly German translations over the mentioned period is analysed and translation criticism of the translated works from German into Estonian between 1990–2000 in the Estonian press is discussed.
Finally, it could be said that changes in the Estonian social and cul tural system 1990–2000 gave a boost to new topics in literature. The posi tion of translated literature was significant, taking the central position in the Estonian literary polysystem and acquired partly the role of the orig inal Estonian literature. It is also important to mention that during the discussed period translation criticism in the Estonian press and literary journals was mainly replaced by general literary criticism
Looduse-kultuuri ökokriitiline ümbermõtestamine Andrus Kivirähki ja Monique Roffey teoste näitel [Ecocritical rethinking of nature-culture on the example of Andrus Kivirähk’s and Monique Roffey’s works]
No full textArtiklis uuritakse looduse-kultuuri dualismi kujutamist Andrus Kivirähki ja Monique Roffey loomingu näitel. Toetudes materiaalsele ökokriitikale, analüüsitakse, kuidas kirjanikud looduse ja kultuuri vastandust ümber mõtestavad. Kõrvutades Roffey romaane „The White Woman on the Green Bicycle“ (2009), „Sun Dog“ (2002) ja Kivirähki romaani „Mees, kes teadis ussisõnu“ (2007), ilmneb neis looduskultuuriline hägusus ja posthumaanne maailm, mis vaidlustab normatiivse inimkeskse vaatenurga. Kirjanikud osutavad antropotsentrismi kriitikale ja kultuuri muutumisele, laiendades agentsuse ja hääle loodusele ning dekonstrueerides looduse ja kultuuri binaarsuse. Artiklis käsitletakse uusi teoreetilisi kontseptsioone keskkonnahumanitaariast: transkorporeaalsus, loodus-kultuurilisus ja agentsus. Esmalt keskendutakse hääle ja agentsuse ümbermõtestamisele, jõudes selleni, kuidas inimene ja loodus sulanduvad ühtseks looduskultuuriks.------------------This article focuses on how nature and culture are transformed beyond recognition in contemporary British-Caribbean (Monique Roffey) and Estonian literature (Andrus Kivirähk), shattering the anthropocentric core of the concepts of agency, body, and voice. Situated in the new mate- rialist paradigm, we follow on from such re-conceptualisations in material ecocriticism. In line with this view, Roffey and Kivirähk mingle nature with humans as a subject, threatening anthropo-normativity. Being articulate and bodily, nature emerges as a cultural creature, uncannily entangled with culture, as in Roffey’s “The White Woman on the Green Bicycle” (2009). Further compelling is the naturalisation of culture in “Sun Dog” (2002): the human body forming a porous natural-cultural body. Nature and culture truly collapse, suggesting the posthuman body as a material- discursive phenomenon. The novelists furthermore suggest the blurring of human and nonhuman languages: the emergence of nature as articulate and the view of humans as natural creatures. In “Mees, kes teadis ussisõnu” (“The Man Who Spoke Snakish”, 2007), anthropocentrism is finally dissolved in merging nature and culture and suggesting their intraactive becoming. Both writers thus compellingly indicate that agency, voice and body are not singularly human but span the natural world around us
Sillad ja konfliktid ida-lääne kunstiteljel: Ida-Euroopa kui „lähedase Teise“ kodustamine 1990. aastatel [Bridges and conflicts on the Eastern-Western art axis: the domestication of Eastern Europe as „close Other“ in the 1990s]
No full textArtiklis pööratakse tähelepanu kolmele episoodile Ida-Euroopa mõistmises ja „kodustamises“ rahvusvahelises kunstidialoogis. Vaadeldakse Lääne- ja Ida-Euroopa kunstnike ja teoreetikute lähenemiskatseid 1990. aastatel läbi kolme dialoogi otsiva episoodi. Neist üks käsitleb meililisti Syndicate lagunemist ja vahetumist listiga Spectre. Teine käsitleb konflikti 1996. aastal näitusel „Interpol – a global network from Stockholm and Moscow“. Kolmas juhtum on seotud Peeter Linnapi korraldatud näitusega „Le Top 50“ (1994), kus prooviti astuda otsekontakti lääne kuns- timaailma tippudega. Viimase näite täiendusena käsitletakse Kaisa Eiche 2021. aastal läbiviidud eksperimenti. Artikkel näitab, et Ida-Euroopast pole enam võimalik rääkida „lähedase Teise“ võtmes. Ta on „mitte-Teine“.----------------------------The article pays attention to three episodes in understanding and accommodating Eastern Europe art to the international dialogue. I focus on the reciprocal approaches between West- and East- European artists and theoreticians to seek mutual understanding which sometimes resulted in conflicts. In the first case I follow the disintegration of the Syndicate mailing list and emergence of the new Spectre list. The second case is dedicated to the conflict at the exhibition “Interpol – a global network from Stockholm and Moscow“ in Stockholm in 1996.The third discussion is based on Peeter Linnap’s exhibition “Le Top 50“ (1994) in Tallinn, where organizers tried to make connections with the prominent authorities of the art world. As an addition to the last case I discuss a similar experiment by Kaisa Eiche in 2021, who got even less response than Linnap earlier. This assures that East Europe cannot be treated as „close Other“. It is not different and is „not-other“, it belongs to Europe by its formal status and is included culturally as well.
East Europeans have maintained subjectivity, but they cease to be defined externally. They are taking power positions over their works: they are not seeking approval from the western mirror. However, it also illustrates the paradox of digital communication, because of the abundance of information and filters of communication, the reciprocal building of bridges is still fraught with complexity
Editorial
No full textFrom 2021 we have finally added the “online first” feature in STSS. We are still trying to figure out a few things, but the good news is that authors whose articles are accepted will not need to wait several months to share the online version of their article (which will then be published in the next available issue). Thanks to this feature, we have been able to work with several authors who are now featured in this June 2021 issue offering unique perspectives on regions of the world that have often been overlooked.
The Potential of Digitalisation and Social Dialogue in Ensuring Post-Pandemic Labour Market Sustainability: Priorities for Ukraine
No full textThe article substantiates promising areas of resource mobilisation to counter the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic оn the labour market, namely, through the involvement of the potential of digital, information and communication technologies and the introduction of innovative mechanisms into the system of social dialogue in the labour field at the national level. The conceptual basis of the research is the four-pillar policy framework for tackling the socio-economic impact of the COVID-19 crisis, developed by the International Labour Organization as a basic tool to address the risks and threats of the COVID-19 pandemic for global and national labour markets. This framework was used as a cross-cutting analytical scheme to analyse Ukrainian realities and further to structure the potential of digitalisation and social dialogue for overcoming the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Ukrainian labour market and for further post-pandemic recovery.
Based on the modern platform approach, the authors propose a social innovation – a 3-element model of socially responsible partnership (SRP Platform), which allows significantly updating (or even rebooting) the system of communication and interaction between the social dialogue participants in Ukraine using the potential of modern network, information and communication technologies. Implementating such a model will contribute to the renewal of the social dialogue system in Ukraine and, thus, further effective counteraction against the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, ensuring the sustainable functioning of the Ukrainian labour market, and to the formation of an effective anti-pandemic state policy. Both the conceptual basis and general mechanism for implementing the SRP platform are (to a large extent) universal and can be adapted to renew social dialogue systems not only in Ukraine but also in other post-Soviet countries with a tripartite system
Book Review: 25 Years of Transformations of Higher Education Systems in Post-Soviet Countries: Reform and Continuity
No full text25 Years of Transformations of Higher Education Systems in Post-Soviet Countries: Reform and Continuity, by Jeroen Huisman, Anna Smolentseva and Isak Froumin (Eds.), 2018, Palgrave Studies in Global Higher Education