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In memoriam: Magnus Ljunggren (October 25, 1942 – June 19, 2022)
No full textThis is an obituary for Prof. Magnus Ljunggren of the University of Gothenburg (Göteborgs universitet), a distinguished expert in Russian Symbolism and Andrey Bely’s novel Petersburg, who was also an active supporter of the Russian dissident movement and an unequivocal critic of Vladimir Putin’s regime
The English Fricative Consonant /z/ as a Challenge to Norwegian L1 EFL Learners: An Error Analysis of Phonemic Transcriptions
No full textEnglish fricatives, such as /z/, are thought to pose substantial challenges to the students of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) whose first languages (L1s) are characterised by phonetic repertoires that are dissimilar to that of English as far as fricatives are concerned (Kallio et al. 2021; Kanokpermpoon 2007). The absence of the fricative /z/ in the phonetic inventory of Norwegian is reported to impact negatively on the Norwegian L1 EFL learners’ speech production in English (Rugesæter 2014). The study that is further presented in the article aims to analyse potential challenges associated with the English fricative consonant /z/ experienced by a group of Norwegian L1 EFL students (hereafter “participants”) on the B2 level of proficiency in English according to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (The Council of Europe 2011). To that end, the participants were requested to execute a series of phonemic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA): one transcription at the end of the autumn semester (Task 1) and another one at the end of the spring semester (Task 2). The phonemic transcriptions in the study were regarded as a diagnostic tool (Fouz-González, Mompean 2021; Lintunen 2005) that provided an index of the participants’ familiarity with /z/ and, indirectly, reflected their use of /z/. The error analysis of the participants’ transcriptions revealed that the majority of them made mistakes by substituting /z/ for /s/. Considering that the substitution of /z/ for /s/ was common in Task 1 and persisted in Task 2, it was concluded that the participants, who were on the upper-intermediate level of English proficiency, found /z/ challenging. The linguo-didactic implications of the findings are discussed in the article
The Insertion of Person References Motivated by Pragmatic Differences in Estonian-English-Japanese Facebook Communication
No full textSociopragmatic differences have been examined between many languages and cultures, including English and Japanese. However, Estonian and Japanese have yet to be compared, and thus this data of EstonianEnglish-Japanese communication on Facebook offers a look at a type of code-switching that is caused by the sociopragmatic differences between Estonian and Japanese – i.e. the insertion of person references from Japanese to Estonian and English utterances by native Estonians.
I am using the Estonian-English-Japanese Facebook communication dataset from Kilp (2021) with new added conversations. The data consist of synchronous private Facebook messages between 2015 and 2021: a total of 7 informants, 50 conversations and 14,681 tokens. A usage-based approach and a qualitative analysis are applied to the data from individual informants and particular cases.
These data show that a perception of pragmatic differences causes the insertions of the Japanese person references, senpai ‘senior’ and sensei ‘teacher’, in various forms (affixed to the name, replacing the name, elongated, capitalised, in the Latin alphabet, in Japanese script) in Estonian and English utterances, while factors such as vertical hierarchy, horizontal solidarity and (situational) salience play an important role in facilitating insertion
„Mis keeles ma räägin, I don’t know“. Eesti sisuloojate inglise keele kasutusest YouTube’is
No full textArtiklis käsitleme YouTube’i platvormil videoid loovate juutuuberite keelepruuki fookusega inglise keele kasutusel. Analüüsime kaheksa eestikeelse sisulooja inglise keele kasutuse määra ja põhjusi. Valisime küsitluse põhjal välja juutuuberid, kelle videoid gümnaasiumiealised noored enim jälgivad ning kes avaldavad neid YouTube’is regulaarselt. Keeleainestikuks on litereeritud video(lõigu)d, mille põhjal analüüsisime ingliskeelsete sõnede hulka ning koodivahetuse põhjusi. Tulemustest selgus, et kõik sisuloojad kasutasid oma videotes inglise keelt, ent selle esinemismäär oli erinev. Inglise keelt kasutati enim n-ö erialaterminoloogiana, mis kajastab globaalses sisuloomes kasutatavat sõnavara (26% inglise keele esinemise juhtudest). Lisaks kasutati inglise keelt ingliskeelse popkultuuriga seotud nähtustele viitamisel (16%) ning emotsioonide väljendamisel (12%), sage oli ka kinnistunud väljendite kasutamine (6%). Üpris suure osa (23%) moodustasid juhud, mille puhul oli raske näha inglise keele eelistamise põhjusi
Transition of Urban Neighbourhoods: Case of Nagpur, India
No full textChange is inevitable, but how this change affects the user, decides its success. Neighbourhoods are the heart of a city and transition in a neighbourhood reflects the city’s transition. This study seeks to: 1) Understand the transition of the city Nagpur, India. It shows the transition that the city underwent using various maps as evidence. The exploration of the transition from the past to the present helped in understanding the morphology of the place. 2) Investigate six neighbourhoods from different parts of the city established at different times. Therefore, the neighbourhoods are selected based on their existence in a certain time frame. 3) Explore the residents’ satisfaction by mapping the amenities and their opinion about the neighbourhood. The results show how the transition of a city takes place with changes in the administration and the needs of the people. The study provides a methodology for investigating the transition of neighbourhoods over a given period to the present. It also functions as a guide on factors that affect the transition of a neighbourhood. The socio-spatial exploration will guide the stakeholder through decision-making in urban planning
Летние морозы, зимние купанья: Аспекты никольского дискурса в поэтике М. А. Булгакова [Summer Frosts, Winter Bathings: Aspects of St. Nicholas’ Discourse in Mikhail Bulgakov’s Poetics]
No full textThe article analyzes one of the aspects of the mythological layer of Bulgakov’s works — the system of motifs related to the image of St. Nicholas — Russia’s most venerated saint. Out of two incarnations of Nikolai Ugodnik, Bulgakov is primarily interested in Nikola Zimnii: there are virtually no allusions to Nikola Veshnii (Summer) in his prose (this is also true for the writings taking place in summer: “The Fatal Eggs,” Flight, The White Guard, etc.). References to St. Nicholas intertwine with allusions to two Russian Emperors, Nicholas I and Nicholas II (see: “The Khan Fire,” Alexander Pushkin, Batum, etc). As St. Nicholas is venerated as a patron saint of sea travelers, it is not surprising that in Bulgakov’s works the connotations revealed are supplemented by water motifs — with water appearing in various aggregate states (in the form of snow, for example)
Sissejuhatus/Introduction
No full textSissejuhatus: Philologia Estonica Tallinnensis 7 (2022) „Uurimusi laste ja noorte mitmekeelsusest“
Introduction: „Research in children’s and youth multilingualism
Connectivity in Narratives of Turkish-English and Turkish-Russian Bilinguals
No full textThe present study draws on the narrative production of the Turkish-English and Turkish-Russian bilingual children in an attempt to examine whether the use of connectivity elements in the oral narratives of the bilingual children diverges from that of monolingual Turkish children. In particular, the study aimed to examine the use of temporal connectivity elements in the oral narratives of the Turkish-English and Turkish-Russian bilingual children in comparison to Turkish monolingual children focusing on the use of tense/aspect markers utilized to anchor narratives, temporal converbs used to link clauses in narratives, and also temporal connectors used to link clauses. The data were collected from two bilingual groups, Turkish-Russian (Group 1) and Turkish-English (Group 2), consisting of five children each and the control group consisting of seven monolingual Turkish children. The analysis of the data revealed that the Turkish-English and Turkish-Russian bilingual children performed differently than their Turkish monolingual counterparts in how consistently they used tense/aspect markers to anchor their narratives and in how they used converbial markers to indicate the sequentiality of the events in their narratives. The results are discussed in relation to prior research and the typological peculiarities of the languages
MEPs Political Communication Online: A Case Study of MEPs Elected in Lithuania
No full textThis paper examines the use of Facebook and other online communication channels by Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) elected in Lithuania for the 9th legislative term. Its major goal is to explore the most popular channels of communication online with voters used by MEPs elected in Lithuania for providing the information about their activities at the European Parliament as well as the strategies of communication used by MEPs and interaction of Facebook online audiences. To achieve the goal interviews with MEPs, Facebook profiles and websites of MEPs were analysed as well as public opinion poll results were discussed. Differences and similarities in social media usage of MEPs were found. All the MEPs have their Facebook profiles but not all of them have websites. Messages on the EP activities comprise usually just less than a half of Facebook posts Majority choose a video message format to present information on the EP activities. Dominating topics are related to the issues each MEPs is interested in. The analysis has discovered incongruence of the MEPs opinion and Lithuanian citizens opinion regarding the information on EP matters availability: MEPs think that the issue is not a lack of information instead a lack of interest in EP matters; Citizens report that they have not enough information. Though MEPs provide information using a variety of communication tools, it seems that information does not reaches the constituents and majority of MEPs should think about the new forms how to attract attention of citizens and be more visible
Book Review: Class Cultures in Post-Socialist Eastern Europe
No full textClass Cultures in Post-Socialist Eastern Europe by Dražen Cepić, 2020, Routledge