Cosmos Scholars Publishing House: Journals Management System
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Mechanotransduction and Biomechanical Properties of Bone Tissue as a Basis for the Use of Intraosseous Osteopathic Techniques
Get PDFThe development and maintenance of bone mass is critical to movement, health, and quality of life. Bone mass is regulated by various factors, activation of biologically active substances, enzymes, including changes in mechanical load. The osteocyte network provides a wide-ranging load monitoring "network" that penetrates every cubic millimeter of bone tissue. Deformities or trauma create a limitation that can cause asymmetric bone growth, such as plagiocephaly. A deep understanding of the cellular mechanisms responsible for bone remodeling as well as bone mechanotransduction is essential for the development of effective exercise, osteopathic techniques, and pharmaceutical strategies to increase and/or prevent bone loss. This review summarizes current data on the main molecular mechanisms involved in bone mechanotransduction, which provides insight into bone tissue, methods of working with it, and points of application for correcting various dysfunctions to promote bone growth in length. This process is carried out by increasing the proliferation of chondrocytes and the activity of growth plates. This contributes to the correction of such consequences of intraosseous dysfunctions as the development of anatomical differences in the size of the lower extremities in children
Implementation of Local Government and Decentralization within City: A Qualitative Study in Jakarta, Indonesia
Get PDFThis study aims to understand the institutional arrangement of city administration at the local government level based on a public policy perspective. This research is very significant for policy improvement at the ontological and sociological levels and is very interesting to study by conducting qualitative research methods. Data was collected through in-depth interview, documentation and observation. Data analysis used data reduction, data display, and data verification and was supported by triangulation. The results are categorized into several themes. Based on these results, they are ontologically and sociologically useful for improving policies and practices as well as providing information to relevant stakeholders as input for making better regulations.  
Optimality Solution of Transportation Problem in a New Method (Summation and Ratio Method)
No full textTransport problems is very important in operational research. The transport problem has been solved in several ways: north west corner, minimum cell cost and Vogel’s approximation method. In this study, I discussed a new method to find an optimal solution of transportation problems in a simple step. All methods were applied in this paper to evaluate the results and compare between them with respect to a new method. Also, the researcher discussed an example on transportation problems and the results of this study indicated which one of the methods has simple steps in the solution.  
Simulation of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Process in Heat Exchangers in Petroleum Industries
No full textHeat exchangers are very useful equipment in a wide range of industries, therefore ?the analysis of the internal flow in them is very important. In this study, a heat exchanger is modeled to solve the flow and temperature field. Three ?turbulence models have been tested for first and second order discretization using ?two different mesh densities, and the results are as follows. The effects of different parameters on the internal conditions of the converter have ?been simulated. The temperature changes decrease in proportion to the reduction of ?the heat transfer coefficient in viscous fluids, and the Reynolds number is greater ?than the Parantel number. For the tube with constant wall temperature and shell inlet, the heat transfer ?coefficient, pressure drop values and heat transfer rate are obtained. In another part, it is shown that the stabilization time of the fluid temperature has a ?direct relationship with the heat capacity of the pipes, and that the performance of ?the tubular heat exchanger with spiral walls is better than that of segmental walls. The intermittent temperature input has been investigated. It has been shown that ?the other flux will fluctuate with the same frequency, which it also proved our ? theoretical results
The New Norms of Cosmetic Surgery among Youth in Malaysia
No full textAesthetics is a complex concept that makes it hard for humans to define beauty. Beauty is a relative term and varies from person to person. The desire to be beautiful is natural among most human beings nowadays. The main objective to conduct this research was to study the views of cosmetic surgery among youth in Malaysia. The specific objectives were to explore the causes that drive youth to undergo cosmetic surgery, to find out the physical and psychological effects on youth who underwent cosmetic surgery and to analyse the acceptance of cosmetic surgery as a common norm and an accepted form of self-improvement. This research focused on youth who underwent cosmetic surgery, between the ages of 15 to 40 years olds in Malaysia. The qualitative method chosen for this research was face-to-face interviews on four respondents using open-ended questions to obtain real data. This study informed about diverse perspectives of beauty which were held by different people from various backgrounds. The factors that influence youth were mainly to enhance their appearance encountering the criticisms from public and to boost their confidence. However, the effects of doing so could be devastating as the risks are unpredictable. It is recommended that future research on this topic may include more respondents of diverse ages especially older men and women to find the extent of the factors
Instructors’ Perceptions of Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Their Implications for Studying Computer Programming in Omani Higher Education Institutions
Get PDFIt is a serious problem that universities worldwide, especially in the middle east, have a high rate of failure in programming courses. To overcome this issue which could probably be due to students’ lack of engagement, motivation and problem-solving skills, the Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) can be an effective tool for enhancing student learning. Despite its effectiveness, no prior research has been conducted on the impact of using ITS in higher education institutions in Oman. This study therefore investigates the perceptions of Omani University instructors to determine the levels of awareness, readiness and challenges among Omani higher institutions concerning their integration of ITS. Also, to investigate the reasons for the poor achievement of students in programming courses. We adopted two approaches in this study. First, quantitative research was conducted via a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire distributed to 59 programming instructors from different higher education institutions. Second, quantitative research was interviewing 10 instructors. Our questionnaire data reveal that most of the participants are aware of ITS’ effectiveness in the learning process. They believe that Oman’s higher education institutions are ready to adopt ITS if sufficient training and support is provided. Via text mining, our interview data illustrates the reasons behind poor performance in programming courses which includes English language barriers, deficient critical thinking, lack problem-solving skills and inadequate modes of teaching. This study clarifies the situation of higher educational institutions in term of their awareness, redness and the challenges that they may face in adopting ITS
A Path Model of the Research Productivity and Instructional Performance of Secondary School Master Teachers in Caraga Region, Philippines
Get PDFThis study aimed to describe the implementation of Basic Education Research Fund (BERF), psychosocial variables to research, research productivity, and instructional performance of the master teachers in the Cabadbaran, Butuan, and Surigao city divisions. This research used a descriptive correlational integrating a Structural Equation Model (SEM) technique to understand the interrelationship among the variables. The respondents of the study were the master teachers from Cabadbaran City, Surigao City, and Butuan City Division. Based on the objectives of the study, results of the study revealed that: (i) Master teacher-respondents in the three divisions have good behavior toward research but research support and self-efficacy are areas that need further improvements; (ii) The implementation of BERF in terms of research outputs is better among the master-teacher respondents of Cabadbaran than in Butuan and Surigao City considering the number of respondents in each division; (iii) Master teacher-respondents performed their instructional functions beyond expectations; (iv) Research publications and productions are areas in that master teacher- respondents need reinforcements; (v) Research impact in terms of citation from Google Scholar needs further improvements among the master teacher-respondents, and (vi) The data support a best-fit model based on the fit indices that are within the acceptable range. Psychosocial and BERF implementation are the prime factors that positively increase research productivity
Unleashing the Power of Learning Technology: Exploring the Nexus between EFL Education, Cognitive Processes, and Metacognition
No full textThis study aims to explore the types of learning strategies used by language teachers in EFL classrooms. Additionally, it investigates how language teachers utilize technology to engage EFL students in cognitive and metacognitive activities that facilitate foreign language learning. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, involving 48 language teachers (29 males and 19 females) from two private universities in southern Amman. The participants were divided into two groups based on their specialty majors (English Language and Literature and English Language and Translation). They completed a survey and participated in a focus-group interview. The findings of the study indicated that language teachers in EFL classrooms found tablets and laptops to be the most effective learning strategies. Additionally, the study did not identify any statistically significant gender-related differences in the application of these strategies. However, it was observed that summarizing and evaluating were the most frequently utilized strategies by language teachers in EFL classrooms. Furthermore, the study highlighted that the absence of learning technology, such as tablets and laptops, in EFL classrooms has a negative impact on instructional delivery and consumes time. These learning technologies are considered cognitive tools that enhance language learning.  
Automated Classification of Bacterial and Fungus Infection in Crops
No full textThe classification of diseases in the crops and plants are very interesting research area in the field of agricultural image processing. The diseases and the parasite infections present in the crops will multiply uncontrollably if left unnoticed. Hence the detection of such infection at the early stage is imperative for the benefit of the productivity of the crop yield. Automating this process is a cumbersome task as it needs intense mechanism and process to identify the type of infection (normal to abnormal). This paper introduces a new method using gray level co-occurrence matrix GLCM to extract the defects from the images of the crop. The proposed algorithm categorizes the images into two classes (normal and abnormal) and the extracted features are then modeled using support vector machines, decision tree and k-nearest neighbor algorithms. The experimental result showcased that the decision tree performed with 98%accuracy in classifying the abnormal crops and outscored the other two algorithms by a good margin
Molecular Identification of Potent Antimicrobial Marine Fungi from Manginapudi Beach (Machilipatnam, India)
No full textThe primary objective of this study is to isolate and characterize marine fungi exhibiting antimicrobial properties, collected from Manginapudi Beach located in Machilipatnam along the Indian coast of the Bay of Bengal. The present investigation involved the isolation of marine fungi from seawater samples, with a 0.1 ml sample residue being introduced onto various fungal growth media. These isolated fungi were identified using the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region. Subsequently, phylogenetic analysis was conducted using MEGA-X to elucidate the relationships between the isolates and closely related species available in the NCBI-GenBank database. The crude extracts of these isolated marine fungi were then prepared and evaluated for their antimicrobial efficacy against various test organisms. Four fungal isolates, namely SS7, SS9, SS10, and SS11, exhibited a 100% similarity match and were conclusively identified as Fusarium incarnatum (SS7), Hamigera insecticola (SS9), Talaromyces tratensis (SS10), and Neurospora crassa (SS11). Notably, this study reports the first-time presence of Acremonium persicinum, Fusarium equiseti, F. incarnatum, F. pernambucanum, Hamigera avellanea, H. insecticola, and Talaromyces tratensis in the Manginapudi Beach region. Among the findings, the ethyl acetate extract of T. tratensis (SS10) demonstrated a significant zone of inhibition, measuring 22.1±0.28 mm against Candida albicans. Similarly, Acremonium persicinum (SS6) exhibited the highest zone of inhibition (29.8±0.26 mm) against Escherichia coli. The outcomes of this study strongly indicate that Manginapudi Beach serves as a valuable repository of marine fungi displaying significant antimicrobial potential. To fully substantiate and utilize this potential, additional investigation is required to isolate and thoroughly characterize the active components within these crude extracts. This in-depth analysis will offer conclusive evidence regarding the bioactive properties of marine fungi