University of Science and Technology, Yemen (USTY): Journals / جامعة العلوم والتكنولوجي
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Analysis of Infertility in Basra Governorate, Iraq
Get PDFBackground: Infertility represents an escalating health and social concern in developing countries.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the medical and demographic factors contributing to infertility among couples attending the Infertility Center in Basra Governorate.
Methods: A case-control study was conducted on one hundred couples suffering from infertility. Semen samples were collected from men, while vaginal swabs were obtained from women. Bacterial isolates were then diagnosed microscopically and in vitro, and biochemical tests were performed, such as the oxidase test, catalase test on mannitol, Simmons citrate agar, and Klegar Iron Agar test.
Results: Medical evaluation showed that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was the most frequently identified cause of female infertility (44%). Among males, prostatitis was reported in 28% of cases. Other contributing conditions included pelvic inflammatory disease (20%), hypertension (20%), diabetes mellitus (14%), genetic disorders (10%), and hypothyroidism (3%). Microbiological analysis revealed that Escherichia coli was isolated in 15.65% of samples, followed by Staphylococcus haemolyticus (30.43%), Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.69% each), and Proteus mirabilis (8.69%). The prevalence of smoking among infertile males was notably high (90%), while no female smokers were recorded.
Conclusion: These findings highlight the multifactorial nature of infertility, with significant influence from both behavioral factors—such as smoking—and medical conditions, including infections and hormonal disorders. The study emphasizes the importance of comprehensive reproductive health strategies that incorporate early diagnosis, infection control, and lifestyle interventions
Prevalence of Bean Root Rot Pathogens in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya
Get PDFKenya is among the top common bean producing countries globally with an annual production of 0.76 million tonnes worth Ksh. 60 billion. However, its production faces several biotic and abiotic challenges. Among these challenges is the root rot disease, which causes an estimated yield loss of 70% every year. The disease is caused by several soilborne pathogens, making it difficult to control through use of cultural practices, chemicals and development of tolerant varieties. This study was carried out in five bean growing agroecological zones in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya during the long rains season (March to April) of 2023. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of the root rot disease pathogens in different agroecological zones in the county. A descriptive survey design was used to collect data on prevalence of the disease in farms. Analysis of variance was used to determine if there were significant differences in prevalence between different agro-ecological zones. Further the significant means were separated using Least Significant Difference at α = 0.05. The findings of the study showed that bean root rot disease was caused by four main soilborne microorganisms including Fusarium, Macrophomina, Pythium and Rhizoctonia spp which occurred in all agroecological zones of the county. The highest disease prevalence (37.58%) was in AEZ UM3 followed by LM4 (34.17%), LM5 (20.63%), UM2 (18.2%) and UM1 (16.76%) respectively. Additionally, the prevalence of the disease pathogens varied significantly (p < 0.05) across the agroecological zones in the county. Therefore, appropriate measures should be employed to control and reduce yield loss associated with the disease
Decomposition of Generalized Recurrent Tensor Fields of R^h-nth Order in Finsler Manifolds
Get PDFيتعمق هذا البحث في البنية المعقدة لحقول الموتر المتكررة المعممة من الدرجة R-n في إطار متعددات شعب فينسلر. من خلال استخدام حساب الموتر المتقدم وتقنيات الهندسة التفاضلية، نقوم بشكل منهجي بتحليل حقول الموتر هذه إلى مكوناتها المكونة. يكشف تحليلنا عن رؤى جديدة في الخصائص الهندسية لمتعددات شعب فينسلر ويوفر أساسًا لمزيد من التحقيقات في هذا المجال. على وجه التحديد، نستنتج مجموعة من نظريات التحلل التي تميز الظروف التي يمكن فيها التعبير عن حقل موتر متكرر معمم كمجموع لحقول موتر أبسط. لا تعمل هذه النتائج على إثراء فهمنا لحقول الموتر في هندسة فينسلر فحسب، بل تقدم أيضًا تطبيقات محتملة في مجالات مختلفة، بما في ذلك الفيزياء والهندسة. نناقش تحلل حقول الموتر المتكررة المعممة من الدرجة -n في متعددات شعب فينسلر. نحصل على موتر مختلف يلبي خاصية التكرار تحت التحلل. كما أثبتنا أن التحليل للموترات المختلفة غير قابل للتلاشي. ولتوضيح مدى إمكانية تطبيق النتائج التي تم الحصول عليها، ننهي هذا العمل ببعض الأمثلة التوضيحية.In this paper, we investigate the decomposition of Cartan\u27s third curvature tensor in the framework of generalized -nth recurrent Finsler spaces. We examine three distinct decompositions of the curvature tensor and analyze the resulting equations under covariant derivatives of the decomposed tensor fields. The decompositions are expressed in terms of independent tensor fields, and we explore the recurrence properties of the resulting decomposition tensors. We show that under certain conditions, these decomposition tensors exhibit generalized nth-recurrence properties, which are crucial for understanding the geometric behavior of these tensors in Finsler geometry. The results provide a deeper understanding of the curvature properties in higher-dimensional recurrent Finsler spaces, with implications for both theoretical and applied geometry
Towards Effective AI Adoption in Higher Education: A Comprehensive Conceptual Model
Get PDFThe adaptation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in higher learning system is a revolution that has brought about improvement in student learning and administration. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to explore the different factors that would enable the successful integration of AI technologies in higher learning institutions, based on the gaps observed in the literature where most of the studies have emphasized on the technological aspects. Key factors, including digital literacy, cultural acceptance, data availability and quality, funding availability, infrastructure, user readiness, and ethical and privacy concerns, were identified for developing a unified conceptual framework. Lastly, this analysis underscores the mutual dependencies of these elements, giving a systematic understanding that is vital for AI integration. Thus, through the inclusion of multiple perspectives on the integration of AI into education, this study provides comprehensive findings regarding the possibilities and difficulties that arise from AI integration, which will help to create specific AI solutions to improve educational results
Transforming Biomass into Energy: A Pathway to Sustainable Energy Security in Northern Nigeria
Get PDFThe increasing global population has led to a significant surge in demand for fossil fuels. However, given the substantial environmental impact associated with their use, it has become essential to explore and develop alternative sources of fuel. Biomass, among other alternatives, is now becoming an important consideration as an alternative to fossil fuels. In this review, we made a critical assessment of the potentials of biomass as a source of fuel in Northern Nigeria. We took into account the opportunities and challenges of having biomass as a source for fuel, taking into consideration the geographical, climatic, and agricultural activities in Northern Nigeria. The review also explored the implications for Nigeria\u27s bioenergy industry, as well as the challenges and limitations of establishing biomass and bioenergy industries. The role of government in terms of policy formulation was highlighted, along with suggestions for improvement. Although there will be challenges to encounter, the potential of having biomass as a source of fuel in Northern Nigeria is enormous and would be significantly beneficial socially and economically
Improving the Accuracy of Solar Energy Production Forecasting in Libya Using Advanced Linear
Get PDFتُعد الطاقة الشمسية من أهم مصادر الطاقة المتجددة، حيث تسهم بشكل كبير في تقليل الاعتماد على الوقود الأحفوري وتقليل الانبعاثات الضارة. يهدف هذا البحث إلى تطوير نموذج تنبؤي دقيق لإنتاج الطاقة الشمسية في مدينة العجيلات الليبية باستخدام تقنيات التعلم الآلي، مع التركيز على نموذج الانحدار الخطي (Linear Regression). تم الاعتماد على بيانات زمنية تاريخية للإشعاع الشمسي ودرجات الحرارة والرطوبة لعام 2022، تم جمعها من منصة NASA POWER. بعد معالجة البيانات وتوحيد نطاقها، تم تدريب النموذج وتقييمه باستخدام مقاييس الأداء مثل MAE وMSE وRMSE، حيث سجلت النتائج متوسط خطأ مطلق (MAE) قدره 20.44 كيلوواط ساعة، مما يشير إلى قدرة النموذج على تتبع الاتجاهات العامة للإنتاج. ومع ذلك، لوحظت فروقات كبيرة في الأيام ذات الظروف الجوية غير المستقرة، مما يدعو إلى دمج تقنيات أكثر تقدمًا مثل الشبكات العصبية لتحسين الدقة. تُقدم هذه الدراسة أداةً عملية للمؤسسات الليبية لتحسين تخطيط شبكات الطاقة الشمسية وتقليل التكاليف الناتجة عن التوقعات غير الدقيقة.الكلمات المفتاحية التعليم الإلكتروني، المنصات التعليمية المحلية، الرضا.Solar energy is one of the most important renewable energy sources, significantly contributing to reducing reliance on fossil fuels and minimizing harmful emissions. This research aims to develop an accurate predictive model for solar energy production in the Libyan city of Al-Al_jaylat using machine learning techniques, with a focus on the Linear Regression model. Historical time-series data on solar radiation, temperature, and humidity for the year 2022 were utilized, collected from the NASA POWER platform. After processing and scaling the data, the model was trained and evaluated using performance metrics such as MAE (Mean Absolute Error), MSE (Mean Squared Error), and RMSE (Root Mean Squared Error). The results showed an MAE of 20.44 kWh, indicating the model’s ability to track general production trends. However, significant discrepancies were observed on days with unstable weather conditions, suggesting the need to integrate more advanced techniques, such as neural networks, to improve accuracy. This study provides a practical tool for Libyan energy institutions to enhance solar grid planning and reduce costs associated with inaccurate predictions
Enhancing Parrot Optimizer Performance with Genetic Algorithm Integration for Solving the N-Queens Problem
Get PDFIn this paper, a new hybrid optimization algorithm using a combination of Parrot Optimizer (PO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) is proposed to efficiently solve the N-Queens problem. The Parrot Optimizer, based on the social behavior and communication of parrots, exhibits high exploitation ability but premature convergence; low exploration limitations are present. These complexities affect its performance in challenging combinatorial problems such as the N-Queens problem, where a fine trade-off between exploration and exploitation is required. By incorporating GA\u27s powerful exploration mechanism—crossover and mutation operations—this hybrid model enriches the solution space and reduces the possibility of being trapped in a local optimum. Experimental results show that the proposed hybrid algorithm achieves much better solution quality and better convergence speed than single use of Parrot Optimizer and Genetic Algorithm. These results contribute to developing new efficient optimization approaches for combinatorial problems, showing the potential of integrating different metaheuristics
ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECT OF CATTLE MANURE VERMICOMPOST ON BEAN HEIGHT AND POD COUNT IN THE GREENHOUSE POT EXPERIMENTS
Get PDFThe objective of the study was to assess the effect of cattle manure vermicompost on the bean height and pod count in the greenhouse pot experiments. An experimental research design was used to collect data on the effect of cattle manure vermicompost on the bean height and pod count in the greenhouse pot experiments. Analysis of variance was used to determine if there was a significant effect of cattle manure vermicompost on the bean height and pod count in the greenhouse pot experiments. The least significant difference was used for separation of significant means at α = 0.05. The study showed that the vermicompost significantly improved bean height and yields in greenhouse pot experiments (p < 0.05). At 40% of cattle manure vermicompost amendment, the plant had maximum height (59.6 to 67.3 cm) and the highest number of pods (31.24 to 34.22). Therefore, cattle manure vermicompost should be used in common bean production to boost growth and yield.
Stages of Obtaining International Recognition of Medical Schools in Libyan Universities - Current Realities and Development Opportunities
No full textتتناول المقالة مسألة تطوير كليات الطب في ليبيا، حيث تبرز الحاجة الملحة إلى إطلاق مشروع وطني منظم يهدف إلى تحسين جودة التعليم الطبي وتفادي الفوضى الحالية في تأسيس البرامج وتنفيذها. الهدف الرئيسي للمقالة هو تحديد الرؤية المستقبلية لكليات الطب من خلال الإجابة على سؤال جوهري: **ماذا نريد من هذه الكليات؟
تمت الاستعانة بمنهجية تحليلية تتضمن مراجعة الأدبيات والدراسات السابقة ذات الصلة بتعليم الطب، بالإضافة إلى تحليل تقارير الجودة وضمانها في الجامعات الليبية. كما تم الاعتماد على البيانات الميدانية المتعلقة بأداء كليات الطب ومتطلباتها. توصي المقالة بضرورة تبني عقلية التركيز والإصرار على بدء الإصلاحات الفورية رغم الصعوبات، عبر اتخاذ خطوات فعلية نحو تحسين التعليم الطبي. يُقترح أن تقوم السلطات المعنية بتنفيذ آليات فعالة للاعتماد وضمان الجودة، في سبيل تطوير البرامج الأكاديمية وتلبية احتياجات سوق العمل. كما تؤكد المقالة على أهمية التعاون بين المؤسسات التعليمية والجهات الحكومية في تبادل الخبرات وأفضل الممارسات، لضمان تحقيق المعايير العالمية في التعليم الطبي. أخيرًا، توصي بإنشاء نظام للمتابعة والتقييم لضمان استدامة التحسينات.The article addresses the issue of developing medical schools in Libya, highlighting the urgent need to launch an organized national project aimed at improving the quality of medical education and avoiding the current chaos in the establishment and implementation of programs. The primary objective of the article is to define the future vision for medical schools by answering a fundamental question: What do we want from these institutions?
An analytical methodology was employed, which includes a review of relevant literature and previous studies related to medical education, alongside the analysis of quality assurance reports in Libyan universities. Field data concerning the performance and requirements of medical schools were also utilized.
The article recommends adopting a mindset of focus and determination to initiate immediate reforms despite the challenges, by taking tangible steps towards improving medical education. It is suggested that the relevant authorities implement effective mechanisms for accreditation and quality assurance to develop academic programs that meet labor market needs.
Additionally, the article emphasizes the importance of collaboration between educational institutions and governmental bodies in exchanging experiences and best practices, to ensure adherence to international standards in medical education. Finally, it recommends establishing a monitoring and evaluation system to ensure the sustainability of improvements made
Requirements for Developing Fourth-Generation Universities: A Case Study of Eindhoven University of Technology as a Model for Strategic
No full textاستعرض المقال مفهوم جامعات الجيل الرابع (4.0) باعتباره نموذجًا مبتكرًا في التعليم العالي يجمع بين التعليم، البحث، والابتكار مع التركيز على الأثر المجتمعي والتنمية الإقليمية. تناول المقال دراسة حالة جامعة آيندهوفن للتكنولوجيا (TU/e) باعتبارها نموذجًا رياديًا يدمج بين التكنولوجيا المتقدمة والشراكات الصناعية لتحقيق أهداف التنمية المستدامة. حيث اعتمد المقال على منهج وصفي تحليلي، ويستند إلى فرضيات تبحث في تأثير التكنولوجيا الحديثة على جودة التعليم والبحث العلمي، ومدى قدرة هذا النموذج على تلبية متطلبات سوق العمل. ومن تحليل تجربة جامعة آيندهوفن، يُظهر البحث كيف يمكن للجامعات أن تتبنَّى إستراتيجياتٍ فعَّالةً لتطوير مناهجها وبنيتها التحتية، وتعزيز شراكاتها مع الصناعة والمجتمع. خلصت الدراسة إلى أنَّ نموذج الجامعات من الجيل الرابع يعزِّز من تأثير الجامعات على المستوى المحلي والعالمي، ويوفر إطار عملٍ شاملًا للجامعات الوطنية لتبنِّي إستراتيجياتٍ مستدامةٍ ومواكبةٍ للتطورات الحديثة.The article explores the concept of Fourth-Generation Universities (4.0) as an innovative model in higher education that integrates education, research, and innovation with a focus on societal impact and regional development. It examines Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e) as a pioneering model that leverages advanced technology and industrial partnerships to achieve sustainable development goals. Using a descriptive-analytical methodology, the article investigates hypotheses regarding the impact of modern technology on the quality of education and research and the ability of this model to meet labor market demands. Through an analysis of TU/e\u27s experience, the study demonstrates how universities can adopt effective strategies to develop curricula, infrastructure, and partnerships with industry and society. The study concludes that the Fourth-Generation University model enhances the influence of universities on local and global scales, offering a comprehensive framework for national universities to adopt sustainable and forward-thinking strategies