University of Science and Technology, Yemen (USTY): Journals / جامعة العلوم والتكنولوجي
University of Science and Technology, Yemen (USTY): Journals / جامعة العلوم والتكنولوجيNot a member yet
1966 research outputs found
Sort by
Assessing Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Self-Breast Examination among Females Students in Aden, Yemen
Get PDFBackground: Second most often diagnosed cancer in women worldwide, breast cancer ranks as the second cause of death among all the cancers.
Objective: This study aimed to ascertain how often and how effectively young people undertake self-breast exams to identify breast cancer.
Methods: 160 female students were asked about their demographics, their familiarity with SBE as a screening tool, whether or not they had ever used SBE before, and their knowledge of risk factors, including age and family history.
Results: Of the participants, 55.6% were in their twenties or thirties, while 93.8% were not married. Only 38.1% of respondents reported to have actually utilized SBE, even if 70% of respondents knew it might be used for screening needs. Furthermore, just 41.9% of respondents knew that being older increases the risk; 66.3% were aware that having a family history of breast cancer raises the risk. That aligns with what current research on the discrepancy in public knowledge of the disease and breast cancer screening rates reveals. Though there was a lot of knowledge about risk factors like family history, a sizable portion of the participants did not actively participate in SBE or other breast cancer preventive actions.
Conclusion: The results suggest that young people should be especially informed and assisted to engage in preventative activities against breast cancer. To help young people close the knowledge gap between what they know and what they do so as to raise their adoption of preventative measures, it is imperative to start stronger health education programs
Comparative Efficacy of Magnesium Sulfate with versus without Local Anesthesia in Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome: A Prospective Study
Get PDFBackground: Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome (MPDS) is a neuromuscular disorder characterized by myofascial trigger points—hyperirritable nodules within taut bands of skeletal muscle that cause localized or referred pain as well as autonomic symptoms.
Objective: This research aimed to evaluate magnesium sulfate\u27s (MgSO₄) efficacy as a standalone treatment versus combination with conventional plain local anesthetic for myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPDS). It also examined how demographic factors affected treatment results and compared them with the control group that had been administered standardized local anesthesia.
Method: A prospective study analysis is used for 40 patients (20 MPDS patients subdivided into MgSO₄ + anesthesia [n=10] and MgSO₄ monotherapy [n=10], alongside a control group [n=20]) assessed pain severity (Visual Analog Scale, VAS), functional recovery, and adverse events over a 9-month follow-up.
Results: Statistical analyses (ANOVA, chi-square) demonstrated that combined therapy resulted in complete symptom relief (VAS: 0/10) for all patients, matching the control group’s 100% pain-free outcomes (p>0.1). Conversely, MgSO₄ alone achieved only partial relief (50–60% VAS reduction), and 90% of the patients reported transient injection-site discomfort. Those aged 18–30 showed better recovery (100% versus 85% in older age groups, p=0.03), while quitting habits like \u27chat\u27 chewing was observed in faster improvement (p<0.01).
Conclusion: The study confirms that MgSO₄ combined with anesthesia performs as effectively as the control protocol, supporting tailored multimodal approaches: adjunctive anesthesia maximizes pain relief & function recovery. These findings highlight the role of age and lifestyle modifications in MPDS management, making combined therapy the optimal strategy for long-term clinical success
Nutritional Deficiencies in Celiac Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study of Iron and Vitamin B12 Status in Diyala, Iraq
Get PDFBackground: Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten ingestion, leading to chronic inflammation and small intestinal damage. The prevalence of CD in Iraq, particularly in Diyala province, has significantly increased in recent years. Nutritional deficiencies are common among CD patients due to impaired nutrient absorption resulting from intestinal damage.
Objective: This study aimed to characterize iron and vitamin B12 status in Diyala’s CD population.
Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed iron and vitamin B12 status in 90 CD patients and 30 healthy controls at AL Shams Medical Labs, Diyala, between October 2024 and May 2025.
Results: The mean age of CD patients was 48.03 ± 1.84 years, while controls had a mean age of 36.33 ± 2.32 years. The results showed a significant increase in anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies (tTG-IgA and tTG-IgG) and I-FABP levels in CD patients compared to healthy controls. Additionally, serum iron and ferritin levels were significantly lower, while total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) was significantly higher in CD patients (P < 0.05). Although mean vitamin B12 levels were lower in the CD patient group, this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.114).
Conclusion: Overall, CD significantly affects iron metabolism, whereas vitamin B12 levels appear less consistently impacted, emphasizing the need for targeted nutritional monitoring
Comparative Study of Dental Plaque and Calculus Accumulation among Cigarette Smokers, Hookah Users, and Non-Smokers in Taiz City, Yemen
Get PDFالخلفية:
تُعد النظافة الفموية السيئة من أبرز العوامل المرتبطة بالتدخين. ومع ذلك، فإن البيانات المتعلقة بالمقارنة بين تدخين السجائر والشيشة وتأثير كلٍ منهما على تراكم البلاك والجير لا تزال محدودة، خاصة في اليمن.
الأهداف:
تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم تأثير تدخين السجائر والشيشة على تراكم البلاك والجير مقارنةً بالأفراد غير المدخنين.
المنهجية:
أُجريت دراسة مقطعية على 600 مشارك في مدينة تعز، اليمن، تم تقسيمهم إلى ثلاث مجموعات (200 مشارك لكل مجموعة): مدخنو السجائر، مدخنو الشيشة، وغير المدخنين. تم جمع بيانات التدخين من حيث المدة والشدة. كما تم فحص تراكم البلاك والجير سريريًا وتصنيفه إلى (1 = خفيف، 2 = متوسط، 3 = شديد). شملت التحليلات الإحصائية اختبارات ANOVA، وتحليل Tukey لما بعد الاختبار، واختبار بيرسون للارتباط، والانحدار الخطي.
النتائج:
أظهرت النتائج أن مدخني السجائر سجلوا أعلى متوسطات لتراكم البلاك والجير، يليهم مدخنو الشيشة، ثم غير المدخنين. كما كانت الفروق ذات دلالة إحصائية (p < 0.001). وُجدت علاقة طردية بين مدة وشدة التدخين وبين مستويات البلاك والجير (r = +0.48 إلى +0.55، p < 0.001). وأوضحت نتائج الانحدار أن 28٪ من تباين تراكم البلاك يمكن التنبؤ به من خلال سلوك التدخين (R² = 0.28).
الاستنتاج:
يرتبط تدخين السجائر والشيشة بزيادة ملحوظة في تراكم البلاك والجير. وتشير هذه النتائج إلى التأثير الكبير للتعرض للتبغ ومدة التدخين على صحة الفم، مما يستدعي تعزيز برامج التوعية بصحة الفم وجهود مكافحة التدخين في اليمن.Background: smoking is a risk factor for poor oral hygiene rather than the cause of it. Nonetheless, the relative data concerning the use of cigarettes versus hookah smoking and their respective effects on plaque and calculus formations are few, particularly in Yemen.
Objective: To evaluate the effects of cigarette smoking, hookah use, and non-smoking on the accumulation of dental plaque and calculus in Taiz City, Yemen.
Methods: The study, based on cross-sectional research of 600 participants in Taiz City, Yemen, involved separation into three groups of 200 participants each: cigarette smokers, hookah smokers, and non-smokers. Smoking statistics were taken in terms of duration and intensity. Clinically the levels of plaque and calculus were evaluated and classified (1 = mild, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe). The statistical analysis involved analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey post hoc tests, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression.
Results: The mean plaque and calculus were the highest among cigarette smokers, then hookah smokers, and non-smokers. The differences were also statistically significant (p < 0.001). There were positive correlations between the level of plaque/calculus and smoking duration/intensity (positive moderate degree correlation, p < 0.001). Regression results indicated that 28 percent of the variance of the accumulation of plaque could be predicted by smoking habits (R² = 0.28).
Conclusion: Both cigarette and hookah smoking are significantly associated with increased dental plaque and calculus accumulation. Exposure to tobacco and the period of time spent on smoking have a rather potent effect on the health of the teeth. The results highlight the necessity of focused tobacco cessation and oral health education initiatives in Yemen, especially in areas like Taiz where smoking is highly prevalent
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Family Planning Among Women Attending Primary Health Care Centers in Aden Governorate, Yemen
Get PDFBackground: Family planning (FP) is vital for reducing maternal and child mortality, yet Yemen faces high fertility, low contraceptive use, and persistent cultural barriers.
Objective: This study was aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding FP among women attending primary health care facilities in Aden Governorate, Yemen.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a pre-tested interview questionnaire among women of reproductive age and those over 46. Data were analyzed for sociodemographic associations with FP KAP.
Results: According to knowledge among women, 91.9% of participants had heard about family planning (FP), mainly from health services (29.1%) and friends/family (26.3%). Most knew about pills (86.9%), IUDs (79.4%), and condoms (67.2%), but 47.8% believed FP had negative effects (e.g., bleeding, anxiety). The attitudes of respondents were that 89.7% agreed that FP was important for health, but 62.2% feared long-term fertility effects, and 32.8% perceived religious influences. Ninety-three-point eight percent supported male involvement in FP decisions. Regarding the practices, 76.3% had used contraception (pills: 26.3%, natural methods: 24.4%), but only 42.2% were currently using FP. The main reasons for discontinuation were desire for pregnancy (41.6%) and side effects (29.7%). Higher education and income correlated with better FP knowledge (p=0.0001). In contrast, rural and low-income groups had lower KAP scores.
Conclusion: High-grade education predicts better FP knowledge and practices. Low-income and rural populations need tailored FP programs. The study reveals strong foundational knowledge and attitudes, but it also highlights significant gaps in method-specific awareness and practice. Family planning utilization and maternal and child health outcomes may be enhanced by interventions
AWARENESS, PERCEPTION, AND COMPLIANCE AS DETERMINANTS OF INFORMATION SECURITY AMONG LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE UNDERGRADUATES IN UNIVERSITIES IN NIGERIA
Get PDFInformation serves as the cornerstone of all human pursuits and no individual can thrive without it. It is the 5th factor of production after land, labour, capital and entrepreneur, as technology advances, the volume of information at our disposal is increasing at an unprecedented rate. The study examines awareness, perception, and compliance as determinants of information security among library and information science undergraduates in universities in Kwara State. Descriptive survey research design was used. The population of the study comprises LIS undergraduates of the University of Ilorin, Kwara State University, and Al-Hikmah University. Therefore, the population for this study is 2157 students from the three (3) selected universities. The purposive sampling technique was adopted because Library and Information Science undergraduates are the target, and they serve the purpose for the study. The study used the Rao-soft calculator to get the sample size of 327. Descriptive statistics of simple percentage and frequency count were used as the method of data analysis owing to its simplicity and ease of understanding. The study found out there is a high level of awareness of information security among undergraduates in Library and Information Science in universities in Kwara State. This study also found out that undergraduates in Library and Information Science have positive perceptions towards information security. This study also found out that undergraduates in Library and Information Science strongly comply with information security practices. This study also found that difficulties with backing up, unstable power supply, insufficient storage capacity, and difficulties in navigating through devices are the challenges associated with the use of information security. The study concludes that library and information science students in universities in Kwara State have positive knowledge regarding awareness, perception, and compliance on information security. The study recommends that there should be continuous awareness campaigns among LIS undergraduates’ to maintain the high level of awareness
Improving Detection and Classification Of Brain Tumors Using DenseNet201
Get PDFBrain tumors are among the leading causes of death worldwide. A brain tumor may originate in the brain or develop elsewhere in the body and metastasize to the brain, leading to secondary brain tumors. Thus, brain tumors can take many different forms. In this study, brain tumors were detected and classified based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) involving three different types of brain tumors and non-tumors. VGG-16, VGG-19 (Visual Geometry Group), DenseNet201 (Densely Connected Convolutional Networks), Inceptionv3, ResNet-50 (Residual Network with 50 layers), and EfficientNet-B0 were among the convolutional neural network (CNN) models that were employed and analyzed in order to determine the optimal model for detecting and classifying brain cancers. The best model was DenseNet201, which achieved accuracy, precision, and recall of 99.31%, 99.31%, and 99.25%, respectively
The Digital Burnout Among Jordanian Private School Teachers
No full text هدفتْ الدراسة التعرف إلى مستوى الاحتراق الرقمي لدى مُعلمي المدارس الخاصة الأردنية في مديرية التربية والتعليم للواء قصبة عمّان من وجهة نظرهم، ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة تم تطوير أداة الاستبانة، وتكونت عيّنة الدراسة من (359) مُعلمًا ومُعلمةً، واستخدم المنهج الوصفي المسحي، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أنّ مستوى الاحتراق الرقمي جاء متوسطًا لدى مُعلمي المدارس الخاصة الأردنية بمجالاته التي تم ترتيبها تنازليًا: الحرمان الرقمي، والإدمان الرقمي، والإرهاق العاطفي، وتبدد الشخصية وجاءت جميعها بمستوى متوسط، وأظهرت النتائج وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين المتوسطات الحسابية لتقديرات المعلمين لمتغير الاحتراق الرقمي تُعزى لمتغير الجنس ولصالح الذكور، وسنوات الخبرة، وتبين وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية لتقديرات المعلمين لمستوى الاحتراق الرقمي الكلي للمعلمين الذين يمتلكون خبرة أقل من خمس سنوات و5 إلى أقل من 10 سنوات، وتبيّن وجود فروق لمجال الإرهاق العاطفي، وتبدد الشخصية لصالح المعلمين الذين يمتلكون خبرة أقل من خمس سنوات و5 إلى أقل من 10 سنوات، وفروق لمجال الإدمان الرقمي للمعلمين للذين يمتلكون خبرة أقل من خمس سنوات، وتبين عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية تُعزى لمتغير المؤهل العلمي ولمجال الحرمان الرقمي.
الكلمات المفتاحية: الاحتراق الرقمي، الحرمان الرقمي، الإدمان الرقمي، الإرهاق العاطفي، تبدد الشخصية، المدارس الخاصة الأردنية.This study aimed to assess the level of digital burnout among teachers in private schools in the Directorate of Education of Qasabat Amman from their perspective. To achieve the study’s objectives, a questionnaire was developed, with a sample size of 359 teachers. The descriptive survey approach was employed. The findings revealed that the level of digital burnout among these teachers was moderate in its various aspects: emotional exhaustion, digital deprivation, digital addiction, and depersonalization. The results also showed significant differences in the teachers\u27 assessments of digital burnout based on gender, with males reporting higher levels. Additionally, there were significant differences based on years of experience, particularly among teachers with less than five years and those with five to less than ten years of experience. Specific differences were found in the areas of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, favoring teachers with less than five years and those with five to less than ten years of experience, and in the area of digital addiction for teachers with less than five years of experience. Furthermore, significant differences were found in the field of digital deprivation based on the teachers\u27 educational qualifications
The Necessary Competencies for Sign Language Interpreters from the Perspective of Deaf University Students in Oman
No full textيهدف البحث الوقوف إلى الكفايات اللازمة لمترجمي لغة الإشارة من وجهة نظَر طلبة الجامعة الصُم، وذلك للتوصِّل إلى المعايير التي يجب مراعاتها لمترجمي الإشارة في المرحلة الجامعية، استخدم البحث المنهج الوصفي، حيث طبقت الاستبانة أداةً للبحث، على عينةٍ بلغت (40) طالبًا من طلاب المرحلة الجامعية للعام الدراسي (2024-2025م) في سلطنة عمان، وتوصَّل البحث الحالي إلى أنَّه لا توجد فروقٌ ذات دلالةٍ إحصائيةٍ بين أفراد العينة، تُعزى لمتغير النوع الاجتماعي في الكفايات اللازمة لمترجمي الإشارة في التعليم الجامعي للطلبة الصُم في سلطنة عمان، ووجود فروقٍ ذات دلالةٍ إحصائيةٍ بين أفراد العينة تُعزى لمتغير المرحلة الدراسية (تأسيسية، تخصصية.) في الكفايات اللازمة لمترجمي لغة الإشارة في المرحلة الجامعية للطلبة الصُم في سلطنة عمان لصالح الطلبة الصُم في المرحلة التخصصية، وأوصى البحث الحالي على ضرورة امتلاك مترجمي لغة الإشارة الأكاديميين للكفايات المهنية والمعرفية والشخصية اللازمة للمرحلة الجامعية، ضرورة إجراء برنامجٍ تدريبي لمترجمي الإشارة قبل بداية العام الأكاديمي للتعرُّف على المتطلبات الدراسية المقدمة للطلبة الصُم، وتشجيع مترجمي لغة الإشارة على التنمية المهنية الذاتية، وذلك للارتقاء بكفاياتهم المهنية والشخصية والمعرفية واللغوية، وإقامة العديد من الملتقيات والندوات والمؤتمرات لتبادل الخبرات بين مترجمي لغة الإشارة في مختلف دول الوطن العربي.The aim of the research. To identify the necessary competencies for sign language interpreters from the point of view of deaf university students, in order to reach the standards that must be considered for sign interpreters at the university level, the research used the descriptive method. where a questionnaire was applied on a sample of (40) university students for the academic year 2024-2025 in the Sultanate of Oman, and the research found that there are no significant differences. Among the sample members attributable to the gender variable. The research recommended that academic sign language interpreters in the Sultanate of Oman should possess the necessary professional, cognitive and personal competencies. The research recommended that academic sign language interpreters should possess the necessary professional, cognitive and personal competencies for the university stage, and that a training program should be conducted for sign language interpreters before the beginning of the academic year to identify the academic requirements offered to deaf students, and to encourage sign language interpreters to self-professional development, and to hold forums, seminars and conferences to exchange experiences between sign language interpreters in different countries of the Arab world
The Degree Of Inclusion of Artificial Intelligence Concepts In Mathematics Curricula At The Basic Education Stage And Mathematics Teacher Preparation Curricula at Jordanian Universities
No full textهدفت هذه الدراسة الكشف عن درجة تضمين مفاهيم الذكاء الاصطناعي في مناهج الرياضيات في مرحلة التعليم الأساسي ومناهج إعداد معلمي الرياضيات في الجامعات الأردنية، وجاءت أهمية الدراسة من الحاجة إلى مواءمة برامج إعداد المعلمين مع التطورات التكنولوجية المعاصرة، وخصوصًا الذكاء الاصطناعي الذي أصبح أداة تعليمية ومجالًا معرفيًا متناميًا في نظم التعليم الحديثة، اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي الكمي، وبالتحديد أسلوب تحليل المحتوى، الذي يُعد من الأساليب المناسبة لاستقصاء مدى تضمين المفاهيم المستهدفة في المواد التعليمية، وتم اختيار عيّنتين للدراسة: عينة من مناهج التعليم الأساسي: تمثلت في كتب رياضيات للصفين السادس والسابع الأساسيين في الأردن للعام الدراسي 2024/2025م، وعينة من برامج إعداد معلمي الرياضيات: تمثلت في محتوى مقررات جامعية من ثلاث جامعات أردنية، وأظهرت نتائج التحليل أن مفاهيم الذكاء الاصطناعي لا تزال تُدرج بشكل محدود في مناهج التعليم الأساسي، إذ بلغت نسبة التضمين الكلية حوالي 5.40%، وتركزت بشكل رئيس في مجال "تحليل البيانات وهيكلتها"، في المقابل أظهرت مناهج إعداد المعلمين نسب تضمين أعلى نسبيًا وصلت إلى 10.97%، خصوصًا في المقررات التقنية مثل "تطبيقات حاسوبية" و"مقدمة في الذكاء الاصطناعي"، وتُظهر النتائج تفاوتًا في مستوى تضمين المفاهيم بين المقررات والمجالات، مما يشير إلى غياب استراتيجية شاملة ومتكاملة لدمج الذكاء الاصطناعي في المنظومة التعليمية، سواء في التعليم العام أو في برامج إعداد المعلمين، وقد أوصت الدراسة بضرورة تحديث الخطط الدراسية والمقررات التربوية والتخصصية، لتعزيز جاهزية المعلمين المستقبليين لمواكبة التطورات التقنية وتوظيف أدوات الذكاء الاصطناعي في بيئات التعلم الحديثة.This study aimed to explore the reality of incorporating artificial intelligence concepts into mathematics teacher training curricula at Jordanian universities. This was done in light of analyzing the content of basic education curricula and university courses in mathematics teacher training programs. The importance of the study stemmed from the need to align teacher training programs with contemporary technological developments, particularly artificial intelligence, which has become an educational tool and a growing field of knowledge in modern education systems. The study relied on a descriptive quantitative approach, specifically content analysis, which is considered an appropriate method for investigating the extent to which the targeted concepts are included in educational materials. Two samples were selected for the study: a sample from basic education curricula, represented by mathematics textbooks for the sixth and seventh grades in Jordan for the 2024/2025 academic year; and a sample from mathematics teacher training programs: represented by the content of university courses from three Jordanian universities. The analysis results showed that AI concepts are still only partially included in basic education curricula, with the overall inclusion rate reaching approximately 5.40%, primarily in the field of "Data Analysis and Structuring." In contrast, teacher preparation curricula showed relatively higher inclusion rates of 10.97%, particularly in technical courses such as "Computer Applications" and "Introduction to Artificial Intelligence." The results reveal variations in the level of inclusion of concepts between courses and fields, indicating the absence of a comprehensive and integrated strategy for integrating AI into the educational system, whether in general education or teacher preparation programs. The study recommended updating curricula and educational and specialized curricula to enhance the readiness of future teachers to keep pace with technological developments and employ AI tools in modern learning environments