University of Science and Technology, Yemen (USTY): Journals / جامعة العلوم والتكنولوجي
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The Impact of Designing a Local Educational Platform on the Satisfaction of Students in the Information Systems Program at the Faculty of Computer and Information Technology, University of Aden
Get PDFفي ظل التطور السريع للتكنولوجيا والتحول الرقمي في التعليم العالي، أصبحت المنصات التعليمية الإلكترونية عنصرًا أساسيًا في دعم العملية التعليمية. ومع ذلك، تواجه العديد من الدول النامية، بما في ذلك اليمن، تحديات كبيرة بسبب ضعف البنية التحتية للإنترنت، مما يعيق الاستفادة من المنصات التعليمية العالمية. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تصميم منصة تعليمية محلية تعتمد على الشبكات المحلية (Intranet) في كلية الحاسوب وتكنولوجيا المعلومات بجامعة عدن، وتحليل مدى تأثيرها على رضا الطلاب. تم استخدام المنهج شبه التجريبي، حيث تم اختبار المنصة مع مجموعة من طلاب برنامج نظم المعلومات، وتم جمع البيانات من خلال استبيانات وتحليلها باستخدام الأساليب الإحصائية. أظهرت النتائج أن استخدام المنصة التعليمية المحلية أسهم بشكل ملحوظ في تحسين رضا الطلاب عن التجربة التعليمية، حيث وفرت بيئة تعلم أكثر تفاعلية ومرونة. توصي الدراسة بتوسيع نطاق استخدام المنصات التعليمية المحلية في المؤسسات الأكاديمية التي تواجه تحديات تقنية مماثلة، وتعزيز البنية التحتية الرقمية لدعم التعليم الإلكتروني المستدام.University of Aden, and analyze its impact on student satisfaction. A quasi-experimental approach was adopted, where the platform was tested with a group of Information Systems students, and data was collected through surveys and analyzed using statistical methods. The results indicated that the use of the local educational platform significantly improved students’ satisfaction with their learning experience by providing a more interactive and flexible environment. The study recommends expanding the use of local educational platforms in academic institutions facing similar technological challenges and enhancing digital infrastructure to support sustainable e-learning
Development of a Web-Based System for Predicting Depression and Suicide Attempt Using Ensemble Machine Learning Model
Get PDFDepression is a mental illness that can make a person’s life difficult and can eventually lead to suicide. Depressed individuals who do not receive timely attention develop worse conditions and may eventually commit suicide. Depression and suicide are becoming a global health concern which need to be adequately addressed. In this study, an ensemble learning model which make use of demographic data to detect depression and suicide attempt and also guide individuals from committing suicide through the web-based application system is proposed. The forever Alone demographic dataset which was downloaded from Kaggle online data repository was used, the dataset was imbalanced and was balanced using synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE). The dataset was split into 60/40, 70/30 and 80/20 train/test percentage split, however, the 80/20 train/test split performed best and it was used and reported in this study. The study employs an ensemble machine learning model, specifically Adaboost with Extra trees as base estimators for prediction. Adaboost enhances model performance especially in handling class imbalance leading to excellent accuracy. Results obtained reveal that Adaboost ensemble model outperformed all other machine learning algorithms across all evaluation metrics with 82.00% recall and 78.69% accuracy for depression, and 93.85% recall and 90.60% accuracy for suicide attempt respectively on the balanced dataset. The uniqueness of Adaboost in sequential weighting of misclassified instances which enhances model performance, especially in handling class imbalance thus leading to an excellent accuracy. It was therefore used for the prediction system. The study affirmed the prowess of ensemble machine learning model for predicting depression and suicide attempt. Ethical issues were also discussed in the study.
Studying the Impact of Internet of Things Technology on Organizational Performance, Taking into Account the Role of Knowledge Creation Intermediaries (Case Study: Bank of Yemen and Kuwait(
Get PDFThe study aimed to study the impact of the Internet of Things on organizational performance, taking into account its role in knowledge creation. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and the descriptive correlation approach. The banking statistical population includes the statistical population of the Bank of Yemen and Kuwait in the capital, Sana\u27a, consisting of 1,050 individuals. The sample size of 284 individuals was selected using a simple random sampling method and measured using a questionnaire. Regarding the results of this study, the questionnaire results were evaluated using Cronbach\u27s alpha
coefficient and the validity coefficient, and their reliability and validity were confirmed. The structural equation model data also indicated a good fit for the model. The results showed that the Bank of Yemen and Kuwait succeeded in increasing its performance through the use of the Internet of Things. Furthermore, knowledge creation has a positive and significant impact on the relationship between the Internet of Things and performance
Evaluation of the IgG and IgM Antibodies Specific for Measles Virus among Children Post-Measles Vaccination in Aden-Yemen
Get PDFالخلفية: تعتبر الحصبة مشكلة خطيرة في الدول النامية ولا يمكن القضاء عليها إلا من خلال حملات تحصين واسعة النطاق. يعد العمر عند التطعيم عامل الخطر الأساسي المعروف لفشل اللقاح الأولي لأنه يتداخل مع فعالية التطعيم ضد الحصبة بسبب استمرار الأجسام المضادة للأمهات في جسم الطفل لفترة من الزمن. في اليمن، تظل الحصبة مشكلة خطيرة حتى مع ارتفاع معدلات التطعيم. الهدف من الدراسة هو تحديد مستوى الأجسام المضادة المحددة للحصبة (IgM وIgG) استجابةً للتطعيم ضد الحصبة بين الأطفال في محافظة عدن، اليمن. يتضمن هذا تحديد مستويات الأجسام المضادة في نقاط زمنية مختلفة بعد التطعيم لتقييم قدرة اللقاح على إحداث استجابة مناعية. الموضوعات والطرق: كانت موضوعات الدراسة الأطفالً الذين تتراوح أعمارهم بين 1 إلى 10 سنوات، تم الحصول عليها من مراكز الرعاية الصحية الأولية في محافظة عدن. كان نوع الدراسة هو دراسة مقطعية أجريت من 1 يناير حتى نهاية مارس 2024.
النتائج: تم جمع عيارات الأجسام المضادة IgG وIgM الخاصة بالحصبة، والتي تم تحديدها بواسطة اختبار المناعة الإنزيمية في عينات المصل، من 125 طفلاً بمتوسط عمر 4 سنوات و4 أشهر ± 2 سنة و6 أشهر بانحراف معياري (أي 4.4 ± 2.6 انحراف معياري)، وكان الحد الأدنى للعمر سنة واحدة والحد الأقصى 10 سنوات. كان معدل انتشار فيروس الحصبة لدى الأطفال المصابين خلال هذه الدراسة 25 من 125 (20٪). علاوة على ذلك، كان الأطفال المصابون أعلى في سن 1-1.5 سنة، و6-10 سنوات (46.2٪، 20.4٪)، على التوالي، دون وجود دلالة إحصائية (P = 0.7). الأطفال الذكور أكثر عرضة للإصابة بالحصبة مقارنة بالإناث (21.7% مقابل 16.7%) على التوالي، دون وجود دلالة إحصائية (P=0.5). بلغ معدل انتشار الأجسام المضادة للحصبة بين الأطفال الأصحاء المطعمين 80%، وهو أقل من معدل مناعة القطيع ضد الحصبة المطلوب تحقيقه (90-95%) بعد الجرعتين الأولى والثانية. بلغت الاستجابة السلبية لـ IgG 32.8%، بينما بلغت الاستجابة الإيجابية لـ IgG 67.2% بعد الجرعتين الأولى والثانية. تميل الاستجابة الإيجابية لـ IgG إلى الارتفاع (68.8%) بعد 1-2 سنة من الجرعة الثانية، وتميل إلى الانخفاض بعد ≥7 سنوات (37.5%). علاوة على ذلك، كانت الاستجابة السلبية المصلية لـ IgG أعلى مع زيادة الوقت المنقضي بين الجرعة الثانية والتشخيص المصلي (62.5٪)، ولكن لم يكن هناك ارتباط ذو دلالة إحصائية (P = 0.5). كانت متوسطات عيارات IgG وIgM بعد التطعيم ضد الحصبة مختلفة مع ارتباط ذي دلالة إحصائية عالية؛ t (124) = 19.415، P <0.05.
الاستنتاج: لقاح الحصبة فعال في إحداث الحماية ضد تفشي الحصبة، ولكن هناك انخفاض في الأجسام المضادة للحصبة (IgG) بعد التطعيم. علاوة على ذلك، لم تصل إلى العتبة الطبيعية للحماية في محافظة عدن.Background: Measles is considered a serious problem in underdeveloped nations and can only be eradicated through extensive immunization campaigns. Age at vaccination is the primary known risk factor for primary vaccine failure because it interferes with the effectiveness of the measles immunization due to the persistence of maternal antibodies. In Yemen, measles remains a serious issue even with high vaccination rates.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the level of specific anti-measles virus antibodies (IgM and IgG) in response to measles vaccination among children in Aden governorate, Yemen.
Subjects and Methods: The subjects of the study were children aged 1 up to 10 years, obtained from primary health care centers at Aden-Governorate. The type of study was a cross-sectional study conducted from the 1st of January up to the end of March 2024.This involves quantifying antibody titers at various time points following vaccination to assess the vaccine\u27s ability to induce an immune response.
Results: Out of 125 children participated in the study, the mean age of 4 years & 4 months± 2 years & 6 months of standard deviation (i.e., 4.4±2.6 SD), with the minimum age being 1 year and the maximum age being 10 years. The seroprevalence of infected children with measles virus during this study was 25 out of 125 (20%). Moreover, infected children were higher at ages 1–1.5 and 6–10 years old (46.2%, 20.4%), respectively, without a statistically significant difference (P = 0.7). The male children are more susceptible to measles infection compared to females (21.7% vs. 16.7%), respectively, without a statistically significant difference (P = 0.5). The seroprevalence of measles antibodies among the healthy vaccinated children was 80%; it was lowered than the herd immunity against measles to be achieved (90-95%) after the first & second doses. The seronegative IgG response represented 32.8%, while the seropositivity of IgG was 67.2% after the first & second doses. The seropositive IgG response tends to be high (68.8%) after 1-2 years following the 2nd dose and tends to decrease after ≥7 years old (37.5%). Moreover, the seronegative response of IgG was higher with increasing the time elapse between the 2nd dose and the serodiagnosis (62.5%), but there was no statistically significant association (P = 0.5). The means titers of IgG and IgM post-measles vaccination were different with a highly statistically significant association; t(124)=19.415, P<0.05.
Conclusion: The Measles vaccine is effective to induce protection against measles outbreaks, but there is a decline of post-vaccination measles-specific antibodies (IgG). Moreover, it has not reached the normal threshold of protection in Aden Governorate
Preference for Unimodal Learning Among Dental Students: Insights from the VARK Learning Style Model . A cross-sectional Study
Get PDFObjective: This study aimed to investigate the learning style preferences of dental students in their first and fifth academic years using the VARK learning style model to identify potential changes over time. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among first- and fifth-year undergraduate dental students at the University of Science and Technology, Aden, Yemen. The Arabic version of the VARK questionnaire, comprising 16 multiple-choice questions, was administered via Google Forms. Results: A total of 86 students participated in the study, with a response rate of 38.1%. Both first- and fifth-year students predominantly preferred unimodal learning styles, with auditory and kinesthetic modalities being the most favored (auditory: 32.5%, kinesthetic: 30.4%). The read/write learning style was the least preferred across all groups. The prevalence of unimodal learning was 99.4% in first-year students and 98.3% in fifth-year students. Multimodal preferences, including bimodal, trimodal, and quadmodal styles, were rare. No significant shifts in learning style preferences were observed between the two academic levels. Conclusion: Dental students exhibit a strong preference for auditory and kinesthetic learning styles, with minimal changes across academic years. These findings emphasize the need for teaching strategies that cater to these preferences to enhance engagement, motivation, and academic performanc
Evaluation of the Caspase-3, Calpain-2, GSH, and MDA in AML and ALL Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy
Get PDFBackground: leukemia is one of the most common and dangerous types of cancer around the world. The exact mechanisms that lead to leukemia development are still unknown. However, this study evaluates the biochemical dynamics of caspase-3, calpain-2, malondialdehyde (MDA), and reduced glutathione (GSH) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) during three treatment stages: pre-chemotherapy, during chemotherapy, and post-chemotherapy.
Materials and methods: A total of 270 blood samples were analyzed, divided equally among AML, ALL, and healthy controls. Sample collection during the period continued from July 2022 to June 2024 from Medical City and Al-Kadhimain Medical City and Al-Amal National Hospital for Cancer Management in Baghdad province.
Results: We observed significant alterations in apoptotic markers (Caspase-3 and Calpain-2), oxidative stress (MDA), and antioxidant defenses (GSH). Both AML and ALL patients exhibited elevated Caspase-3 and Calpain-2 levels pre-treatment, which declined progressively during and post-treatment. MDA levels were elevated across all stages, peaking pre-treatment, while GSH levels were significantly reduced. Comparative analysis revealed distinct biochemical profiles between AML and ALL patients, with AML exhibiting higher apoptotic activity. Correlation analyses highlighted complex interplays between apoptosis, oxidative stress, and antioxidant responses.
Conclusion: These findings confirm the potential of Caspase-3, Calpain-2, MDA, and GSH as biomarkers for monitoring therapeutic efficacy and managing the leukemia treatment protocols
CYP17 Genetic Polymorphism among Female Patients with Breast Cancer, A retrospective Study at Central of Sudan
Get PDFBackground: Estradiol (E2) has a significant impact on the development and progression of breast cancer via oxidative metabolism. It regulates cell proliferation and death in breast tissue by interacting with the Estrogen Receptor (ER). The CYP17 gene, which is essential for estrogen metabolism, has been linked to an increased risk of breast cancer.
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine blood levels of estradiol and the association between three different CYP17 gene types and breast cancer risk in Sudanese women who went Wad-Madani Teaching Hospital in Gezira State.
Methods: Before participating in this experimental case study, 130 female breast cancer patients were completed consent forms. Blood samples were used to measure estradiol levels, and PCR and RFLP analysis were used to figure out the CYP17 genotype. Structured questionnaires helped us collect clinical and socioeconomic data. SPSS Version 19.0 was used for data analysis.
Results: The majority of patients had ductal carcinoma, with stages III and IV being most prevalent (P=0.004). Of postmenopausal women, 35.5% had elevated estradiol levels (P=0.009). The CYP17 M1 (A1A1) genotype was linked to a lower risk of breast cancer (P=0.004) in postmenopausal women, but the M2 (A1A2) genotype showed no significant link (P=0.101). The M3 (A2) genotype had a big effect on premenopausal Sudanese women (P=0.075) and seemed to raise the risk of breast cancer (OR=2.305, 95%). CI: 0.843-6.301.
Conclusion: Postmenopausal individuals may have an increased risk of breast cancer when exposed to estradiol (E2). The CYP17 M3 (A2A) polymorphism is also highly associated with higher breast cancer risk in premenopausal Sudanese women. These genetic variations might serve as indications for assessing the Sudanese population\u27s breast cancer risk
Up-to-date in Conjoined Twins Developmental Origins, Medical Challenges, and Ethical Considerations: Review Article
Get PDFBackground: Incomplete division of a single fertilized egg during early embryonic development causes conjoined twins, a rare congenital abnormality. This condition presents serious medical, ethical, and social challenges, with an incidence of roughly 1 in 50,000 to 1 in 200,000 live births.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the developmental biology, classifications, medical and psychological issues, and moral quandaries related to conjoined twins.
Method: The literature on the embryological basis, classification schemes (particularly for thoracopagus and omphalopagus twins), medical complications, and the psychological effects on impacted individuals and their families forms the basis of this narrative review. It also looks at multidisciplinary surgical separation techniques and improvements in prenatal diagnosis using imaging modalities like MRI and ultrasound.
Results: Prenatal counseling and planning are greatly improved by early diagnosis made possible by advanced imaging, according to the study. Despite the risk, surgical separation has become more and more successful as a result of advancements in technology and procedure. For the best results, multidisciplinary teams must be involved. In order to manage such complicated cases and make sure that medical decisions are in the twins\u27 and their families\u27 best interests, ethical and psychological support continue to be essential.
Conclusion: Managing conjoined twins necessitates a compassionate, interdisciplinary, and ethically robust methodology. Advancements in surgical and diagnostic techniques provide individuals with renewed optimism; yet, ethical responsibility and psychological assistance are equally crucial for achieving success. Continuous case analysis and ethical discourse are crucial for enhancing treatment techniques
Comparative Study Between Commercial Meloxicam Tablets in Yemen
Get PDF Background: In low-income countries like Yemen, drug affordability plays a crucial role in medication selection, leading to increased reliance on generic alternatives to expensive branded drugs.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the quality control tests of three distinct meloxicam tablets, procured from pharmacies in Yemeni retail drug markets.
Method: This study was an experiment regarding the quality and physicochemical uniformity of three different meloxicam tablet products. All major factors were evaluated, including weight uniformity, tablet friability, crushing strength, disintegration, and dissolution tests.
Results: The findings indicated that all three products of Meloxicam 7.5 mg tablets were compatible with the standards of US Pharmacopoeia (USP) in terms of uniformity of weight (3.88–6.38), friability test (0.0885–0.2924), and disintegration time (1.30–5.30 min). The proportion of drug release for A, B and C brands was found to be 95.76%, 93.5%, and 94.32%, respectively, but in terms of the hardness test/crushing strength, all brands are within the limits (7.276 kg–4.52 kg), except B, which showed average hardness (2.31 kg). The following USP quality requirements were met by all the three different brands of Meloxicam 7.5 mg tablets, they passed both physical and chemical tests for friability and met the weight variation and disintegration and dissolution requirements.
Conclusion: The usage of affordable generic medications serves as a beneficial substitute option for innovator medications
Review on the Role of Estrogen Hormone in Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease
Get PDFالاستروجين هو هرمون رئيسي يلعب دورا اساسي في تنظيم الجهاز التناسي الانثوي , تمت دراسته بشكل واسع في هذا البحث لمعرفة تاثيره على امراض المناعة الذاتية , بما في ذلك مرض التهاب المفاصل الروماتويدي.يعد التهاب المفاصل الروماتويدي مرض التهابي مزمن يصيب النساء بشكل رئيسي خاصة خلال سنوات الانجاب وفتره ما بعد انقطاع الطمث. يعتبر التهاب المفاصل الروماتويدي مرضا مناعيا ذاتيا يهاجم فيه الجهاز المناعي الغشاء الزليلي للمفاصل وينتج اجسام مضادة ذاتية مثل الاجسام المضادة لبروتين السيتروليني والعامل الروماتويدي .يمكن لهرمون الاستروجين ان يقلل موقتا من السيتوكينات المسببة للالتهابات, مما يؤجي الى تحسن محتمل في اعراض التهاب المفاصل الروماتويدي خلال فترات الحمل او اثناء ارتفاع مستويات الاستروجين. ومع ذلك , عند انخفاض مستويات الاستروجين بعد انقطاه الطمث ,يمكن ان تتفاقم التهاب المفاصل وتدهور الحالة المرضية مما يجعل المرض اكثر شدة.تعد العلاقة بين الاستروجين والتهاب المفاصل الروماتويدي معقد حيث تتداخل في مسارات المناعية التنظيمية والالتهابية. يلعب الاستروجين دور مهم في التاثيرات المؤيدة للالتهاب خصوصا خلال التغيرات الهرمونية,كما ان تاثيره على شدة المرض يختلف وفقا لمرحلة المرض والحالة الهرمونية .قامت هذه الدراسة بمراجعة 22 دراسة سابقة اجريت على مدار السنوات الماضية حيث اظهرت الدور الفعال لهرمون الاستروجين في تعديل مناعة الجسم اثناء الاصابة بالامراض بشكل عام ومرض التهاب المفاصل الروماتويدي بشكل خاص. يمكن ان يسهم فهم التفاعل بين الاستروجين والتهاب المفاصل الروماتويدي في توفير رؤى جديدة لاستراتيجات العلاج, يما في ذلك العلاج الهرموني التعويضي والمعدلات الانتقايئة لمستقبلات الاستروجين. هناك حاجة لمزيد من الأبحاث لتوضيح الدور الدقيق للإستروجين في تطور وعلاج التهاب المفاصل الروماتويدي. Estrogen, a key hormone primarily involved in the regulation of the female reproductive system, has been studied for its impact on autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease that predominantly affects women, especially during their reproductive years and postmenopausal stage. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the synovial membrane of joint and produces self-antibodies like anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) and rheumatoid factors (RF). Estrogen can transiently suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to temporary improvement in rheumatoid arthritis symptoms during pregnancy or periods of high estrogen levels. When estrogen levels drop after menopause, it can exacerbate joint inflammation and degeneration, making illness more severe. The relationship between estrogen and rheumatoid arthritis diseases is complex in both immune-modulatory and inflammatory pathways. Estrogen plays an important role in controlling pro-inflammatory effects, especially during hormonal changes. It also has a role in the severity of the disease, and this varies according to the stage of the disease and the hormonal status. This study reviewed previous studies on the relationship between estrogen and rheumatoid arthritis diseases, which numbered 22 studies over different years, which demonstrated the effective role of the hormone estrogen with the body’s immunity when infected with diseases in general, and rheumatoid arthritis diseases in particular. Understanding the interaction between estrogen and rheumatoid arthritis can provide insights into new treatment strategies, including hormone replacement therapy and selective estrogen receptor modulators. Extensive research is recommended to clarify the exact role of estrogen in the development and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis