University of Science and Technology, Yemen (USTY): Journals / جامعة العلوم والتكنولوجي
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The role of knowledge and information management in addressing educational loss from the point of view of geography teachers in the Directorate of Education in Qasbat Salt
No full textهدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على دور إدارة المعرفة والمعلومات في معالجة الفاقد التعليمي من وجهة نظر معلمي مادة الجغرافيا في مديرية تربية وتعليم قصبة السلط، ومن أجل تحقيق الهدف من الدراسة قامت الباحثة باستخدام المنهج الوصفي المسحي التحليلي لملاءمته لتحقيق أهداف الدراسة، وتم اختيار عينة قصدية تكونت من (117) معلمًا ومعلمة، ومثلت ما نسبته (20%) من مجتمع الدراسة، وقد وزعت الباحثة الاستبانة على العينة باليد، وتم استعادة (110) استبانة.
وأشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى أن المتوسط الحسابي العام لدور إدارة المعرفة والمعلومات في معالجة الفاقد التعليمي من وجهة نظر معلمي مادة الجغرافيا في مديرية تربية وتعليم قصبة السلط جاء بدرجة تقدير متوسطة، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية لاستجابات أفراد العينة على الأبعاد والدرجة الكلية لدور إدارة المعرفة والمعلومات في معالجة الفاقد التعليمي تبعًا لمتغير الجنس ولصالح الإناث، ووجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية لاستجابات أفراد العينة على الأبعاد والدرجة الكلية لدور إدارة المعرفة والمعلومات في معالجة الفاقد التعليمي تبعًا لمتغير المؤهل العلمي ولصالح مؤهل البكالوريوس، كما أشارت النتائج إلى وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية لاستجابات أفراد عينة الدراسة على الأبعاد والدرجة الكلية لدور إدارة المعرفة والمعلومات في معالجة الفاقد التعليمي تبعًا لمتغير سنوات الخدمة ولصالح من كانت خدمتهم أقل من 5 سنوات.The study aimed to identify the role of knowledge and information management in addressing learning loss from the perspective of geography teachers in the Directorate of Education of Qasbah Al-Salt. The descriptive survey-analytical method was used due to its suitability for the study’s objectives. A purposive sample of 117 teachers, representing 20% of the study population, was selected. Questionnaires were distributed by hand, and 110 valid responses were retrieved for analysis. The findings revealed that the overall mean score for the role of knowledge and information management in addressing learning loss was of a moderate degree. The results also showed statistically significant differences in participants’ responses according to gender, in favor of females, and according to academic qualification, in favor of those holding a bachelor’s degree. Additionally, statistically significant differences were found based on years of service, in favor of teachers with less than five years of experience. The study emphasizes the importance of activating knowledge and information management as a tool to address learning loss, while taking into account individual differences among teachers. It also highlights the need for training and professional development opportunities tailored to teachers’ qualifications and experience to enhance education quality and reduce achievement gaps
Assessment of Knowledge and Practices in Fixed Prosthodontics among Dentists in Yemen: A Cross-Sectional Study
No full textKBackground: Fixed prosthodontics is essential for restoring oral function and aesthetics, yet its success depends on dentists\u27 adherence to evidence-based practices.
Objective: This study was aimed to assess the knowledge and practices of fixed prosthodontics among Yemeni dentists in 2025, evaluating material preferences, adherence to international guidelines, and barriers to optimal care.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 350 dentists using stratified random sampling in both urban (76.8%) and rural (23.2%) Yemen. Data were collected via a validated questionnaire assessing theoretical knowledge, clinical practices, and barriers. Descriptive and inferential statistics were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0.
Results: Only 41.2% of dentists knew the correct occlusal reduction for zirconia crowns (1.0 mm). Advanced-degree holders (18.6% of participants) scored 28% higher on knowledge assessments (p < 0.001). Porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) crowns were the most commonly used material (58.7%), with rural dentists using them 3.2 times more frequently than urban counterparts (78.9% vs. 48.3%; p = 0.003). Guideline adherence was low (49.5%), though prosthodontists complied 4.7× more than general dentists (p < 0.001). Cost (82.4%), lack of training (67.1%), and patient affordability (59.3%) were primary barriers. Rural practitioners faced 2.1× higher complication rates (p = 0.007). Predictors of advanced practice included a master’s degree (OR = 4.2), urban practice (OR = 3.1), and continuous education training (OR = 2.8), which correlated strongly with zirconia adoption (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Yemeni dentists exhibit significant gaps in knowledge and adherence, driven by socioeconomic and educational disparities. Interventions such as subsidized materials, mandatory continuing education, and specialty training are essential to align practices with global standards.
Work-Related Stress: Prevalence and Risk Factors among Healthcare Workers in Aden, Yemen
No full textBackground: Work-related stress (WRS) is a common problem among healthcare workers (HCWs). This condition is associated with less productivity and serious consequences for patients.
Objective: The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence and risk factors for work-related stress among HCWs in Aden in 2025.
Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, health-facility-based study was conducted. Participants were recruited from public as well as private institutions. A standardized self-administered questionnaire was distributed to gather relevant study data that included sociodemographics and indicators of stress; scoring of severity was based on predetermined criteria. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS v26.
Results: All participants reported some level of work-related stress, with 76 (58.5%) experiencing moderate stress and 52 (40.0%) severe stress. The most common associated risk factors were gender, work environment, specialty, duration of experience, marital status, and perceived psychological health. However, there were no statistically significant risk factors except the self-perceived psychological health (p=0.01).
Conclusion: Work-related stress is common among health professionals in Aden. Mitigating policies are needed to address this problem
Evaluation of Diuretic and Antibacterial Activities of Tribulus terrestris Ethanolic Extract
No full textBackground: Renal disorders like urinary tract infections and imbalances in body fluids and electrolytes still create significant health and economic challenges, particularly in areas with fewer resources.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the diuretic and antibacterial effects of the ethanol extract of Tribulus terrestris (EETT) through both in vivo and in vitro experimental approaches.
Methods: The diuretic activities of ethanol extract of Tribulus terrestris (EETT) were evaluated in rodent models, while its antibacterial potential was investigated in vitro. Diuretic activity was assessed in rats by measuring urine output and electrolyte excretion (sodium, potassium, and chloride) following administration of EETT at the different doses; furosemide served as the reference diuretic. Antibacterial activity was tested in vitro using the disc diffusion technique on four bacterial strains: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Results: EETT produced a dose-dependent diuretic effect, with the highest dose (450 mg/kg) significantly increasing urine output (p < 0.05) and sodium excretion (p < 0.01) to levels comparable with furosemide. Potassium excretion also rose significantly, whereas chloride excretion decreased at higher doses, suggesting a possible chloride-sparing mechanism. Antibacterial testing revealed moderate inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus (15 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (23 mm), while Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae exhibited no detectable susceptibility under current testing conditions.
Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Tribulus terrestris showed dose-dependent diuretic effects and moderate antibacterial activity. These findings support further research, including clinical studies, to explore its potential as a complementary treatment for kidney-related disorders
Studying the Impact of the Internet of Things on Knowledge Management (Case Study: Yemen\u27s Ministry of Communications and Information Technology)
No full textمع تطور تقنيات إنترنت الأشياء في السنوات الأخيرة، حظي إنشاء وتطوير أنظمة إدارة المعرفة القائمة عليها ـ بالإضافة إلى دراسة دور هذه التقنية في أنظمة إدارة المعرفة في مختلف المؤسسات ـ باهتمامٍ كبير، وقد أثّر إنترنت الأشياء في العالم في العقد الماضي، ومن خلال توفيره حلولًا جديدة في مختلف القطاعات أقنع الشركات والمؤسسات بالاستفادة من هذا المجال والاستثمار فيه، ويهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة دور إنترنت الأشياء في إدارة المعرفة في وزارة الاتصالات وتكنولوجيا المعلومات اليمنية، وهذا البحث من النوع التطبيقي ويستخدم المنهج الوصفي الارتباطي، وقد تم اختيار المجتمع الإحصائي في هذه الدراسة من مجموعتين إحصائيتين: خبراء أكاديميون وعددهم (5) أشخاص للتحقق من صحة الاستبانة، وموظفون في وزارة الاتصالات وتكنولوجيا المعلومات اليمنية وعددهم (20) شخصًا لجمع المعلومات باستخدام طريقة غير عشوائية وهادفة وحكمية، ولاختبار الفرضيات تم استخدام أساليب الانحدار الخطي والمتعدد. إن إنترنت الأشياء له التأثير الأكبر في عملية اكتساب إدارة المعرفة بعامل تأثير يبلغ 0.250، كما أن إنترنت الأشياء لديه أقل تأثير، بمعامل تأثير يبلغ 0.155 في عملية اكتشاف إدارة المعرفة، وإن توسيع خدمات واستثمارات وزارة الاتصالات وتكنولوجيا المعلومات اليمنية في مجال إنترنت الأشياء من شأنه أن يزيد ويحسن أداء هذه المؤسسة.With the development of Internet of Things technologies in recent years, the creation and development of knowledge management systems based on them, as well as the study of this technology\u27s role in knowledge management systems in various organizations, has received significant attention. The Internet of Things has impacted the world over the past decade, and by providing new solutions across various sectors, it has persuaded companies and institutions to benefit from and invest in this field. This research aims to study the role of the Internet of Things in knowledge management in the Yemeni Ministry of Communications and Information Technology. This research is of the applied type and uses a descriptive correlational approach. The statistical population for this study was selected from two statistical groups: five academic experts to validate the questionnaire, and 20 employees of the Yemeni Ministry of Communications and Information Technology to collect data using a non-random, purposeful, and judgmental method. To test the hypotheses, linear and multiple regression methods were used. The Internet of Things has the greatest impact on the knowledge management acquisition process, with an impact factor of 0.250. The Internet of Things also has the least impact, with an impact factor of 0.155, on the knowledge management discovery process. Expanding the services and investments of the Yemeni Ministry of Communications and Information Technology in the field of Internet of Things will increase and improve the performance of this institution
The Factors Influencing the Selection and Formation of Architectural Concepts
No full textAlthough the design concept is the core of the architectural process, its formulation requires a series of complex decisions influenced by several factors that influence its generation, development, and transformation into creative architectural solutions. The problem lies in the lack of a clear understanding of the factors influencing the concept and the lack of knowledge of the strength of each factor\u27s influence. The research seeks to analyze these factors and determine which ones play the most prominent role in shaping the concept. It uses a methodology that combines quantitative and qualitative analysis. A theoretical framework for the factors was constructed, followed by a questionnaire that was distributed to the sample. The results showed that functional factors occupy the forefront in terms of influence with a percentage of 13.39%, indicating a growing awareness of the role of functional efficiency. It was followed by factors related to the user and client with a percentage of 12.88%, reflecting the growing interest in meeting human needs and requirements in architectural spaces. Both aesthetic and technological factors received similar weights (12.66%, 12.76%), indicating a balance between artistic, aesthetic, and technical expertise in design. The study recommended the need to enhance the use of smart technologies as a tool for developing design concepts, as well as supporting the trend toward localizing design by invoking elements of local identity and the climatic environment
Quality Teaching Resources as Sustainable Drivers of Academic Excellence in Open Distance e-Learning Universities
No full textThe overriding purpose of this conceptual paper is to examine the quality of teaching and learning resources as a sustainable driver of academic excellence in open distance e-learning universities. The study delves into the intricacies pertinent to how resource availability, adaptability, and technological integration influence pedagogical effectiveness and student engagement in open distance e-learning contexts. The critical question guiding this study is, how do sustainable approaches to teaching and learning resources enhance the quality of education in open distance e-learning universities? A qualitative approach is adopted utilizing scholarly books and peer-reviewed articles as primary data collection sources. An interpretive paradigm is appropriately selected to capture multiple perspectives on the alignment between resource quality, inclusivity, and sustainability in higher education. Findings emerged that sustainable teaching and learning resources such as open educational resources, digital libraries, and innovative online platforms contribute significantly to enhancing access, equity, and long-term institutional resilience. The study contributes immensely to the growing discourse on resource-driven sustainability in higher education, highlighting best practices applicable to both developed and developing contexts. Implications for policymakers and implementers emphasize the need to prioritize equitable funding, digital infrastructure, and ethical resource distribution. Nonetheless, limitations include reliance on secondary sources and contextual variations across regions
Enhancing Education and Governance of Non-Governmental College: A Case Study on Sur Samrat Alauddin Khan Degree College
No full textتبحث هذه الدراسة في إمكانات الحوكمة في تعزيز المرافق وجودة التعليم في كلية سور سمرات علاء الدين خان للدراسات العليا في ريف بنغلاديش. وتعتمد الدراسة على منهجية دراسة حالة نوعية لدراسة تطور المؤسسة بفضل القيادة الاستراتيجية، والمشاركة المجتمعية، والممارسات الإدارية الشفافة. ويُعدّ الإلهام المستمر من المعلمين وأعضاء الهيئة الإدارية مسؤوليةً بالغة الأهمية للطلاب. ولا يكفي مجرد الدعم المالي من الحكومة والهيئات الإدارية للحصول على تغذية راجعة مرضية من المؤسسات. وتشير المقابلات مع المعلمين والإداريين والطلاب وأصحاب المصلحة المحليين إلى أن نهج الإدارة القائم على الرؤية، والتعبئة الفعالة للموارد، والحوكمة التشاركية، كانت عوامل حاسمة في تقدم الكلية. كما تُؤكد الدراسة على العلاقة بين الحوكمة التعليمية والتنمية الريفية. وتُقدم الدراسة أساسًا قابلًا للتكرار للمنظمات الأخرى التي تسعى إلى تحقيق تقدم مستدام. وتعتمد الدراسة على مناهج نوعية وكمية لدراسة تأثير السياسات الإدارية، ومشاركة أصحاب المصلحة، وتخصيص الموارد، والقيادة الأكاديمية على نمو المؤسسة واستدامتهاThe paper examines how governance can help in improving the facilities and the quality of education at Sur Samrat Alauddin Khan Degree College in rural Bangladesh. The qualitative case study design is applied in the research to analyze the evolution of the institution through strategic leadership, community participation, and open administration practices. Regular motivation by the teachers and the members of the governing bodies plays a significant role for the students. Financial support by the government and other governing bodies cannot sufficiently get satisfactory feedback from institutions. The perception and thinking have been analyzed with teachers, administrators, students, and local stakeholders, and they have shown that the vision-oriented approach to management, the ability to mobilize resources, and the participatory governance have played a significant role in the development of the college. Furthermore, it focuses on the relationship between education administration and rural development. The research will provide a replicable platform to other colleges that would want to attain sustainable progress. In the study, the qualitative and quantitative methods are used to investigate the effectiveness of the administrative policies, stakeholder involvement, resource distribution, and academic leadership on the growth and sustainability of the institution
ChatGPT Self-Correction Outputs between Self-Provided and External Feedback in Translating Medical Texts
No full text تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التحقق من استراتيجيات التغذية الراجعة الخارجية والذاتية وتأثيراتها على التصحيح الذاتي لتشات جي بي تي (ChatGPT) بغرض تحسين أدائه في الترجمة. تقيّم الدراسة فعالية الاستراتيجيات المقترحة وتحدد الاستراتيجية الأكثر فعالية عند ترجمة النصوص الطبية باللغة الإنجليزية إلى اللغة العربية. اختار الباحثون خمسة عشر (15) نصًا طبيًا باللغة الإنجليزية، وتمت ترجمة هذه النصوص إلى اللغة العربية بالاعتماد على تشات جي بي تي (ChatGPT) باستخدام أمر ترجمة افتراضي. دُوِنت الملاحظات على النصوص المترجمة وقُيًمت يدويًا. وبعد ذلك، أعاد الباحثون ترجمة النصوص حيث أُعيد ترجمة جزء من النصوص باستخدام التغذية الراجعة الذاتية، وإعادة ترجمة الجزء الآخر باستخدام التغذية الراجعة الخارجية. أُستخدم كلتا استراتيجيات التغذية الراجعة لتسخير التصحيح الذاتي لتشات جي بي تي (ChatGPT). قُيمت الترجمة الأولية وكذلك النصوص المُعاد ترجمتها يدوياً وتلقائياً لتقييم فعالية استراتيجيات التغذية الراجعة المستخدمة. قُيمت فعالية كل من استراتيجيات التغذية الراجعة هذه بناءً على معدل التحسن في الترجمة المُعادة. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى استراتيجية التغذية الراجعة الأكثر كفاءة، وهي استراتيجية التغذية الراجعة لتصنيف الأخطاء. تُعد الدراسة مهمة جدًا للمترجمين، ومُدققي ما بعد التحرير، والباحثين، ومطوري الترجمة الآلية. كما أنها تقدم توصيات للأبحاث المستقبلية.This study aims to investigate both external and self-provided feedback strategies and their effects on ChatGPT’s self-correction for the purpose of improving its translation performance. The study evaluates the effectiveness of the proposed strategies and points out which strategy is more effective when translating English medical texts into Arabic. The researchers chose 15 English medical texts. These texts were translated into Arabic by ChatGPT using a default translation prompt. The translated texts are manually annotated and evaluated. The researchers, then, retranslate the texts where some of the texts were retranslated using the self-provided feedback and some were retranslated using external feedback. Both feedback strategies are used to exploit ChatGPT self-correction. Manual evaluation of the initial translation and the retranslation are performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the used feedback strategies. The effectiveness of each of these feedback strategies are evaluated based on the improvement rate of the retranslation. The study reaches a conclusion regarding the most efficient feedback strategy, which is error taxonomy feedback strategy. The study is very important for translators, post-editors, researchers, and developers of MT. It also provides recommendations for future work.
The Influence of Organizational Environment Quality on Employees\u27 Creative Behavior: A Case Study of the Saudi Electricity Company in the Asir Region
No full textهدف هذا البحث إلى قياس أثر جودة البيئة التنظيمية في تحسين السلوك الإبداعي لدى موظفي الشركة السعودية للكهرباء في منطقة عسير بالمملكة العربية السعودية. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، هدف إلى تقييم مستوى تبنِّي ممارسات السلوك الإبداعي، فضلاً عن قياس مستوى تبنِّي جودة البيئة التنظيمية. واعتمد هذا البحث على استخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، حيث جُمعت البيانات من موظفي الشركة باستخدام الاستبانات، والتي حُلِّلت باستخدام برنامج (SPSS). وجرى التحقق من صدق أداة البحث باستخدام قيمة ألفا كرونباخ. وأظهرت النتائج أنَّ جودة البيئة التنظيمية في الشركة كانت إيجابية، إذ كانت هناك دوافع تتمثل في الدعم الإداري، والتواصل، وتوافر الموارد، فضلاً عن بيئة العمل المناسبة. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، أظهرت النتائج أنَّ موظفي الشركة أظهروا إمكاناتٍ كبيرةً من حيث خلق الأفكار وحل المشكلات والابتكار، فضلاً عن القدرة على التكيُّف في مواجهة التحديات. وبالتالي، تؤكد الدراسة أنَّ البيئة التنظيمية أدَّت دورًا مهمًّا في تعزيز السلوك الإبداعي، إذ يجب على الشركة الاستمرار في تطوير القيادة التحفيزية، وآليات الاتصال، فضلاً عن توفير الموارد للتدريب من أجل تحقيق مزيد من السلوك الإبداعي لدى الموظفين، وبالتالي تعزيز الاستدامة في الابتكار والتميز التنظيمي.This research aimed to measure the impact of organizational environment quality on improving the creative behavior of employees at the Saudi Electricity Company in the Asir region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Additionally, it aimed to assess the level of adoption of creative behavior practices and measure the level of adoption of organizational environment quality. This research employed a descriptive-analytical approach, collecting data from company employees using questionnaires, which were then analyzed using SPSS software. The validity of the research instrument was verified using Cronbach\u27s alpha. The results showed that the organizational environment quality in the company was positive, with positive motivators including administrative support, communication, resource availability, and a suitable work environment. Furthermore, the results showed that the company\u27s employees demonstrated significant potential in generating ideas, solving problems, and innovating, as well as their ability to adapt to challenges. Therefore, the study confirms that the organizational environment played a crucial role in fostering creative behavior. The company should continue to develop motivational leadership and communication mechanisms, as well as provide training resources to further cultivate creative behavior among employees and thus promote the sustainability of innovation and organizational excellence