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Physical Layer Coding and Cryptanalysis for the Secure Communications
No full textThe privacy and security are highly requested in the cooperative communication system. The information is sent to the destination with the help of relays. In the system, there might be the eavesdroppers playing the role of the relay. It suffers the system security. Traditionally, the complex and difficult encryption scheme would be applied to a higher network layer. It is not suitable to apply to the equipment with low computing resources. According to Shannon Theory, positive secrecy capacity could support secure communications. In this work, based on the information theorem, the secrecy capacity analysis in the communication is given. Consider the difference between the amount of information at the source and that at the transmitter, the positive secrecy capacity with memory coding scheme under the lossless communication environment might be obtained. Then, the communication security could be implemented with the physical coding scheme. In this work, the physical layer coding schemes are examined. According to the degree of the freedom of the codeword, the secure communication could be achieved. It could be found the secrecy capacity could increase with coding rate decreasing with the multiple code assignments
Implementation of a Decision Tree to Address Moral Distress
Get PDFHealthcare workers (HCW) face daily challenges in the workplace environment. A relatively new problem called moral distress (MD) may present itself, but it may go unrecognized. The healthcare profession is being robbed of qualified personnel due to moral distress. The overall objective of this project was to help healthcare workers identify moral distress and seek resources to assist with the mitigation of moral distress. The outcome of this project demonstrated bedside HCWs showed higher levels of MD. Leadership must be intentional with providing education about the signs and symptoms of MD and assist employees to recognize and utilize available resources to mitigate MD. Age, gender, years of work experience, and education showed no correlation to the level of MD. The project demonstrated there was a statistically significant difference in MD scores with consideration to depart the healthcare profession due to MD. Higher levels of MD may lead to departure from the healthcare profession
Food-based calcium or vitamin D or both for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women
No full textObjectives: This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows:. To assess the benefits and harms of calcium- or vitamin D-rich foods, or both, for preventing osteoporosis in postmenopausal women
The roles of balancing selection and recombination in the evolution of rattlesnake venom
No full textThe origin of snake venom involved duplication and recruitment of non-venom genes into venom systems. Several studies have predicted that directional positive selection has governed this process. Venom composition varies substantially across snake species and venom phenotypes are locally adapted to prey, leading to coevolutionary interactions between predator and prey. Venom origins and contemporary snake venom evolution may therefore be driven by fundamentally different selection regimes, yet investigations of population-level patterns of selection have been limited. Here, we use whole-genome data from 68 rattlesnakes to test hypotheses about the factors that drive genomic diversity and differentiation in major venom gene regions. We show that selection has resulted in long-term maintenance of genetic diversity within and between species in multiple venom gene families. Our findings are inconsistent with a dominant role of directional positive selection and instead support a role of long-term balancing selection in shaping venom evolution. We also detect rapid decay of linkage disequilibrium due to high recombination rates in venom regions, suggesting that venom genes have reduced selective interference with nearby loci, including other venom paralogues. Our results provide an example of long-term balancing selection that drives trans-species polymorphism and help to explain how snake venom keeps pace with prey resistance
Exploring the MeV sky with a combined coded mask and Compton telescope: The Galactic Explorer with a Coded aperture mask Compton telescope (GECCO)
No full textThe sky at MeV energies is currently poorly explored. Here we present an innovative mission concept that builds upon the heritage of past and current missions improving the sensitivity and, very importantly, the angular resolution. This consists in combining a Compton telescope and a coded-mask telescope. We delineate the motivation for such a concept and we define the scientific goals for such a mission. The Galactic Explorer with a Coded Aperture Mask Compton Telescope (GECCO) is a novel concept for a next-generation telescope covering hard X-ray and soft gamma-ray energies. The potential and importance of this approach that bridges the observational gap in the MeV energy range are presented. With the unprecedented angular resolution of the coded mask telescope combined with the sensitive Compton telescope, a mission such as GECCO can disentangle the discrete sources from the truly diffuse emission. Individual Galactic and extragalactic sources are detected. This also allows to understand the gamma-ray Galactic center excess and the Fermi Bubbles, and to trace the low-energy cosmic rays, and their propagation in the Galaxy. Nuclear and annihilation lines are spatially and spectrally resolved from the continuum emission and from sources, addressing the role of low-energy cosmic rays in star formation and galaxy evolution, the origin of the 511 keV positron line, fundamental physics, and the chemical enrichment in the Galaxy. Such an instrument also detects explosive transient gamma-ray sources, which, in turn, enables identifying and studying the astrophysical objects that produce gravitational waves and neutrinos in a multi-messenger context. By looking at a poorly explored energy band it also allows discoveries of new astrophysical phenomena
Managing divestments as projects: Benefits of stakeholder orientation
No full textWe review research at the intersection of corporate divestiture and stakeholder orientation to synthesize implications for divestment project management. Divestitures are corporate restructuring projects, implying application of project management techniques and concepts can facilitate the achievement of desired goals. Managing stakeholder relationships during divestment plays a critical role in determining divestment outcomes. Findings suggest that managers practice stakeholder relationship management through determining divestiture mode, unit selection, participative management, and parenting. Moreover, stronger stakeholder orientation reduces the costs of stakeholder relationship management. For example, stronger stakeholder orientation facilitates spin-offs that align with investor interests, but they require careful consideration of a parenting relationship between a divesting firm and divested unit. Meanwhile, sell-offs involve an additional stakeholder of a new owner and may require greater stakeholder management. When divestitures are more complex, more participative project management can increase the success of corporate restructuring
The Relationship between Sleep Duration, Body Mass Index and Optimism Levels in Generation Z
No full textIn this study, we examine the relationship between sleep duration and reported levels of optimism in Generation Z (i.e., born after 1996) students aged 17 to 24. This study hypothesizes that optimism and duration of sleep will have a statistically significant positive relationship. Participants in this study are Generation Z college students located in the Southeastern United States. The sample consisted of 1562 students enrolled in a required physical activity class. A Pearson’s correlation determined that there was a statistically significant positive relationship between sleep and optimism. Research implications and future research trends on sleep and optimism are discussed
Middle Grades Teacher Education Program in the John H. Lounsbury College of Education: Historically Progressive
No full textThe authors describe the two-year, mentor-led, field-based Middle Grades Education program in the John H. Lounsbury College of Education at Georgia College and State University. The curriculum in the cohort-based program is structured for teacher candidates to experience the many essential attributes of middle level education (e.g., integrated curriculum, advisory, teaming, looping, service learning). Within the program, there are three extensive field experiences during junior year, totalling over 600 hours, and the year-long senior placement and internship of over 750 hours, results in teaching certification in two content areas for Grades 4–8. The authors acknowledge the importance of involving partner school and other educational personnel to build the richness of the program and students\u27 experiences. Finally, tensions and future challenges are discussed that may disrupt the core values of the JHL CoE in relation to student selection and enrolment into the program
Leucothoid amphipod and terebellid polychaete symbiosis with description of a new species of the genus Leucothoe Leach, 1814 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Leucothoidae)
No full textThe order Amphipoda is one of the largest orders in the Crustacea, many species of which are involved in symbiotic relations with other animals. Despite the considerable diversity of the Amphipoda both in number of species and ecology, polychaete-commensalism has been poorly known and described from few species. In particular, there has been little discussion of the evolutionary origins of polychaete-commensalism relationships. Amphipods in the family Leucothoidae are known as commensal inhabitants of filter-feeding invertebrates, where they utilize the feeding current produced by their hosts. Leucothoids are typically found from three types of filter-feeding hosts: sponges, ascidians, and bivalve molluscs. Relatively little is known about leucothoids that associate with other types of hosts. An undescribed species of the genus Leucothoe associated with burrows of terebellid polychaetes from Japan has been found. We herein describe this species as Leucothoe vermicola sp. nov., providing COI mtDNA and 18S rDNA sequences for DNA barcoding. This is the first record of a symbiotic association between Leucothoidae and Terebellidae. We also provide a hypothesis of the phylogenetic position of L. vermicola sp. nov. and evolution of the polychaete-commensalism in this species. The polychaete-commensalism in the present new species may have resulted from the entry of generalist species into polychaete hosts, rather than from host-conversion from a specialist species. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:4EBA42DD-EC19-4278-B712-8BEFBC519F8F