AGROSAINSTEK: Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian
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Studi Komparasi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula Asal Dua Ekosistem pada Perbaikan Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Kembang Kol di Media Gambut
Full text linkThe success factor in developing arbuscular mycorrhizae fungal (AMF) biofertilizers the source of propagules, which is determined by ecological factors. The compatibility between AMFs is important in deciding whether the biofertilizer produced can be used efficiently. The research aims to study and obtain location-specific AMF from two different ecosystems on the growth and yield of cauliflower plants with efficient fertilization. The research was conducted in Pontianak City, West Kalimantan, from June to November 2023. The research method used a completely randomized factorial design. The first factor is the ecosystem source of AMF propagules (without AMF, AMF from peat ecosystems, and AMF from dry land ecosystems). The second factor is the level of NPK fertilization (100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% of the recommended dose). The research results obtained show that the application of AMF from peat ecosystems and dry land as a biological fertilizer is able to support the efficiency of NPK fertilization in increasing the growth and yield of cauliflower plants up to a fertilizer level of 50% of the recommended dose.Faktor keberhasilan dalam pengembangan pupuk hayati fungi mikoriza arbuskula (FMA) yaitu sumber propagul yang ditentukan oleh faktor ekologinya. Kompabilitas antara FMA menjadi penting untuk menentukan apakah pupuk hayati FMA yang dihasilkan dapat digunakan secara efisien. Tujuan penelitian untuk mempelajari dan mendapatkan FMA spesifik lokasi dari dua ekosistem yang berbeda tehadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kembang kol dengan pemupukan yang efisien. Penelitian dilakukan di Kota Pontianak Kalimantan Barat, dari bulan Juni sampai November 2023. Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial. Faktor perlakuan pertama ekosistem sumber propagul FMA (tanpa FMA; FMA asal ekosistem gambut; dan FMA asal ekosistem lahan kering). Faktor kedua taraf pemupukan NPK (100%; 75%; 50%; dan 25% dosis rekomendasi). Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa pengaplikasian FMA asal ekosistem gambut maupun lahan kering sebagai pupuk hayati mampu medukung efisiensi pemupukan NPK dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kembang kol hingga pada taraf pemupukan 50% dari dosis rekomendasi
Pemanfaatan bokhasi paitan (Tithonia diversifolia) dan Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat (BPF) dalam budidaya tanaman jagung pada tanah pasca penambangan batuan
No full textUtilization postmine sandpits soil for maize cultivation can be done by improving soil fertility by applying organic matter and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria. This study aims to determine the effect of the application of bokashi paitan and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria on the improvement of soil fertility post mine sandpits soil, growth, and yield of maize. The study used a factorial randomized block design. The first factor was the concentration of PSB (0, 10, 20 ml plant-1) and the second factor was the dose of bokashi Tithonia diversifolia (0,10,20,30 t ha-1). The parameters observed were soil organic C, available P, RSR, leaf area, harvest index, and weight of corn without husks. The results showed that PSB inoculation increased C-organic and P-available, harvest index and weight of corn without husks. Application of bokashi paitan increases leaf area. PSB inoculation of 20 ml plant-1 improved soil C-organic and P-available as well as maize yields grown in post mine sandspits soil.Pemanfaatan tanah pasca penambangan batuan untuk budidaya tanaman jagung dapat dilakukan dengan memperbaiki kesuburan tanahnya dengan cara aplikasi bahan organic dan Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi bokhasi paitan dan Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat terhadap perbaikan kesuburan tanah pasca penambangan batuan, pertumbuhan, dan hasil tanaman jagung. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok pola faktorial. Faktor pertama konsentrasi BPF (0, 10, 20 ml tanaman-1) dan faktor kedua dosis bokhasi paitan (0,10,20, 30 t ha-1). Parameter yang daiamati adalah C-organik tanah, P-tersedia, luas daun, indeks panen, dan bobot jagung tanpa kelobot. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan inokulasi BPF meningkatkan C-organik dan P-tersedia, indeks panen dan bobot jagung tanpa kelobot. Aplikasi bokhasi paitan meningkatkan luas daun. Inokulasi BPF 20 ml tanaman-1 memperbaiki C-organik tanah dan P-tersedia serta hasil tanaman jagung yang ditanam pada tanah pasca penambangan batuan
Keragaman Genetik Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium Ascalonicum L.) Varietas Bauji Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma 60Co (Generasi 5)
Full text linkOne of the important factors in developing new superior varieties is genetic diversity. Gamma ray irradiation of 60Co is one method of mutation induction. The aim of the study was to find out the dose of irradiation that had the best diversity value in Allium ascalonicum the Bauji variety gamma irradiation 60Co, which consisted of doses of 3 Gy and 4 Gy with 7 replications each using a Randomized Block Design (RBD). The randomization method uses the lottery draw manually. Each treatment required 56 tubers and 1 planter bag contained 4 tubers. Control plants are symbolized by the code "B", plants with a dose of 3 Gy are symbolized by the code "MB 3", and plants with a treatment dose of 4 Gy are symbolized by the code "MB 4". The results showed that the highest plant diversity based on the standard deviation value was in the MB 4 Gy treatment in terms of plant length, tuber number, tuber diameter, wet tuber stover weight, dry tuber weight and tuber weight. While the control produces the highest standard deviation values on the parameters of the number of leaves and the age of flowering. In conclusion, gamma 60Co irradiation had a significant effect on the results of research on the fifth generation of the shallot variety Bauji on the parameters of number of leaves, age of flowering, number of tubers, tuber diameter, wet stover weight of tubers and tuber weight.Salah satu faktor yang penting dalam perakitan varietas unggul baru adalah keragaman genetik. Iradiasi sinar gamma 60Co ialah salah satu metode dalam induksi mutasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mencari tahu dosis iradiasi yang memiliki nilai keragaman paling baik pada tanaman bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) varietas Bauji. Penelitian memakai satu faktor perlakuan yakni dosis iradiasi sinar gamma 60Co, yang terdiri dari dosis 3 Gy dan 4 Gy dengan masing-masing 7 ulangan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). Metode pengacakan menggunakan lotre undian dengan cara manual. Tiap perlakuan membutuhkan 56 umbi dan dalam 1 planterbag berisi 4 umbi. Tanaman kontrol disimbolkan dengan kode "B", tanaman dengan perlakuan dosis 3 Gy disimbolkan dengan kode "MB 3", dan tanaman dengan perlakuan dosis 4 Gy disimbolkan dengan kode "MB 4". Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keragaman tanaman paling tinggi berdasar pada nilai standar deviasi terdapat di perlakuan MB 4 Gy dalam parameter panjang tanaman, banyaknya umbi, diameter umbi, berat brangkasan umbi basah, berat brangkasan umbi kering serta berat umbi. Sedangkan kontrol menghasilkan nilai standar deviasi paling tinggi pada parameter jumlah daun dan umur berbunga. Kesimpulannya, iradiasi sinar gamma 60Co memiliki pengaruh nyata pada hasil penelitian tanaman bawang merah varietas Bauji generasi kelima pada parameter banyaknya daun, umur berbunga, banyaknya umbi, diameter umbi, berat brangkasan umbi basah dan berat umbi
Aplikasi Jenis Kompos dan Dosis Pupuk NPK Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Kedelai di Entisol Bengkulu
Full text linkSoybeans can be cultivated in Entisol. However, soybean cultivation on Entisol land has problems, including low soil fertility. Providing compost and NPK is an alternative to overcome this. The research objective was to determine the best type of compost and NPK fertilizer dosage for soybean growth and yield in entisol. The research has carried out in the Entisol Bengkulu field from August to November 2020. The research design used a Complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with 2 factors including: the type of compost organic fertilizer consisting of: P1 = Widelia trilobata, P2 = Tithonia diversivolia, P3 = oil palm empty bunches, and P4 = Eichhornia crassipes and the NPK fertilizer dosage consisting of: N0 = 0 kg ha-1, N1 = 150 kg ha-1, N2 = 300 kg ha-1, N3 = 450 kg ha-1. Observation variables include plant growth and yield and supporting observations which include the results of initial soil analysis and climate data during the study. The results showed that NPK dosing had a significant effect on the variables of plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, root wet weight per plant, and dry weight per plant. However, the application of compost did not significantly affect all variables. Meanwhile, there was no interaction between the application of compost types and NPK dose on the growth and yield of soybean in entisols. The application of compost types and NPK fertilizer doses up to 450 kg ha-1 has not improved the growth and yield of soybeans in entisol fields.Kedelai dapat dibudidayakan di lahan Entisol. Namun budidaya kedelai di lahan Entisol memiliki kendala diantaranya adalah kesuburan tanah rendah. Pemberian pupuk kompos dan NPK merupakan alternatif untuk mengatasinya. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menentukan jenis kompos dan dosis pupuk NPK yang terbaik untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil kedelai di lahan entisol. Penelitian dilaksanakan di lahan Entisol Bengkulu pada bulan Agustus sampai November 2020. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) dengan 2 faktor yang meliputi: jenis pupuk organik kompos yang terdiri dari : P1 = Tusuk Konde (Widelia Trilobata), P2 = Paitan (Tithonia diversivolia), P3 = Kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit, dan P4 = Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) serta dosis pupuk NPK yang terdisi dari: N0 = 0 kg ha-1, N1 = 150 kg ha-1, N2 = 300 kg ha-1, N3 = 450 kg ha-1. Variabel pengamatan meliputi pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman serta pengamatan pendukung yang meliputi hasil analisis tanah awal dan data iklim selama penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian dosis NPK berpengaruh nyata terhadap variabel tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah cabang 5 MST, bobot basah akar per tanaman, dan bobot kering per tanaman. Namun pengaplikasian jenis kompos tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua variabel. Sementara itu tidak terjadinya interaksi antara pengaplikasian jenis kompos dan dosis NPK terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kedelai di entisol. Pengaplikasian jenis kompos dan dosis pupuk NPK hingga mencapai 450 kg ha-1 belum mampu memperbaiki pertumbuhan dan hasil kedelai di lahan entisol
Hubungan Skor Penyakit Tungro terhadap Kehilangan Komponen Hasil Padi
Full text linkThe Tungro disease is a significant issue that impedes rice production. It is spread by green leafhopper vectors carrying the RTBV and RTSV pathogens. The infection causes a decline in various components of rice yield and is categorized based on a scoring system ranging from 1 to 9. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between the scoring values and yield loss, as well as determine the production factor that had the greatest impact on yield loss for each score. The research was conducted at the IP2TP Tungro Disease Research Station between August and October 2020. A purposive sampling technique, which involved the direct observation of tungro-affected rice fields, was employed as the research method. A score was assigned to 5 clumps of plants for each case. Data analysis was performed using simple regression, correlation, and PCA. The findings indicate that with the exception of the empty grain parameter, which increased along with the scoring value, each increment in the Tungro score resulted in a decrease in the yield variables. The components of yield that declined in all scores as a result of Tungro infection included total grain weight, weight of 100 seeds, total grain count, and total grain content.Tungro merupakan penyakit penting yang menjadi faktor pembatas produksi padi. Penyakit tungro ditularkan oleh vektor wereng hijau pembawa RTBV dan RTSV. Infeksi tungro menyebabkan kehilangan komponen hasil padi dan dinyatakan dengan nilai skor yaitu 1,3,5,7 dan 9. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menggambarkan korelasi antara nilai skor tungro dengan variabel produksi yang paling mempengaruhi kehilangan hasil pada setiap skoring. Penelitian dilaksanakan di IP2TP Loka Penelitian Penyakit Tungro pada bulan Agustus hingga Oktober 2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan berupa purposive sampling yaitu pengambilan sampel dengan pengamatan langsung terhadap padi yang terinfeksi tungro. Masing-masing tanaman yang terserang tungro diskoring dan diambil sebanyak 5 rumpun tanaman. Data dianalisis menggunakan regresi sederhana, korelasi dan PCA. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kecuali parameter gabah hampa akan naik seiring dengan meningkatnya nilai skor, setiap penambahan nilai skor tungro akan diikuti dengan berkurangnya nilai variabel komponen hasil. Komponen hasil yang paling menurun saat tanaman terinfeksi tungro di semua skoring yaitu berat gabah total, berat 100 biji, jumlah gabah total dan gabah isi
Intensitas serangan Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith pada pertanaman jagung di kecamatan Mendo Barat kabupaten Bangka
Full text linkFall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith) is a new pest species in Indonesia which has the potential to attack corn plantation in Mendo Barat District because it has the highest harvested corn area in Bangka Regency. The purpose of this study was to determine the attack intensity, Symptom Characteristics and distribution of S. frugiperda on corn plantations in Mendo Barat District, Bangka Regency. The study had been conducted in November 2019 to February 2020 using the observation method. Study sites and sampling techniques was carried out by using purposive sampling technique. The results showed S. frugiperda larvae had the same characteristics as those found in Africa, namely the inverted Y pattern on the head, four black dots on the eighth dorsal segment, thick bands on the lateral part and three bright lines on the upper body. Symptoms of an attack in the early vegetative phase of corn were transparent holes in the leaves and shoots, while in the reproductive phase were damaged cob and corn kernels. The number of caterpillars, the highest number of plants attacked and damaged were found in Petaling Banjar Village by 55% intensity of severe attacks. The intensity of relative damage was at 31.6%. Most of the plants attacked and damaged by S. frugiperdawere found mostly in the tasseling and silking (R1) phase and monoculture planting systems. We conclude the S. frugiperda attacked the corn plants in Mendo Barat District and caused various kinds of damage in accordance with the growing stage of corn plants.Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith merupakan spesies hama yang baru ditemukan di Indonesia. Keberadaan hama ini berpotensi menyerang pertanaman jagung di kabupaten Bangka khususnya di Kecamatan Mendo Barat yang memiliki luas lahan panen tertinggi. Tujuan dari Penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari karakteristik, gejala serangan, intensitas dan sebaran serangan S. frugiperda pada pertanaman jagung di Kecamatan Mendo Barat - Kabupaten Bangka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi dengan teknik penentuan lokasi dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa larva S. frugiperda memiliki karakteristik pola huruf Y terbalik pada kepala, empat titik hitam pada segmen ke delapan, pita tebal pada bagian lateral dan tiga garis terang pada tubuh bagian atas. Terbentuknya lubang transparan pada daun dan pucuk tanaman umumnya ditemukan pada fase vegetatif awal sedangkan pada fase reproduktif berupa kerusakan pada bagian telinga dan tempat munculnya rambut tongkol serta adanya kerusakan pada biji jagung yang sedang tumbuh. Desa Petaling Banjar merupakan lokasi pengamatan dengan rerata Jumlah ulat, rata-rata jumlah tanaman terserang dan jumlah tanaman rusak tertinggi dengan intensitas serangan sebesar 55% yang termasuk kedalam kategori serangan berat. Intensitas kerusakan relatif pada pertanaman jagung di Kecamatan Mendo Barat termasuk kategori ringan yaitu 31,6 % . Rata-rata tanaman terserang dan tanaman rusak tertinggi terdapat pada pertanaman jagung fase tasseling dan silking (R1) serta sistem tanam monokultur
Teknologi Budidaya Kedelai yang Adaptif pada Gawangan Tanaman Karet Belum Menghasilkan
Full text linkSpace between plant (Gawangan) of immature rubber plant is one of the potential locations for the development of soybean plants. This study aims to obtain recommendations for adaptive soybean cultivation technology packages for immature rubber plantations. The research was conducted in August-November 2018 on a three-year-old rubber plantation in Gardu Village, Armajaya District, North Bengkulu Regency, Bengkulu Province. The study was conducted using a randomized block design of 4 treatments which was repeated 5 times. The data collected included the components of growth and yield of soybeans as well as input and production costs for each technology package. The growth component and yield component data were analyzed using analysis of variance and if there was a difference, then Duncan Multiple Range (DMRT) was done. The feasibility of farming is calculated from the value of the cost of revenue (R/C ratio). The results showed that the treatment had a significant effect on the number of branches, empty pods, weight of filled pods, filled seeds, seed weight per plant. However, the treatment had no significant effect on plant height, filled pods, number of pods per plant, empty or damaged seeds, number of seeds per stem, percentage of empty or damaged seeds, 1000 grain weight of seeds. All technology packages are economically feasible to develop because they have an R/C ratio > 1.Gawangan tanaman karet belum menghasilkan merupakan salah satu lokasi yang berpotensi untuk pengembangan tanaman kedelai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan rekomendasi paket teknologi budidaya kedelai yang adaptif pada gawangan tanaman karet yang belum menghasilkan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus-November 2018 di lahan perkebunan karet berumur tiga tahun di Desa Gardu Kecamatan Armajaya Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara Provinsi Bengkulu. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok 4 perlakuan yang diulang sebanyak 5 kali. Data yang dikumpulkan antara lain komponen pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kedelai serta biaya input dan produksi pada masing-masing paket teknologi. Data komponen pertumbuhan dan komponen hasil dianalis menggunakan analisis varian dan bila terdapat perbedaan maka dilanjutkan dengan Duncan Multiple Range (DMRT). Kelayakan usahatani diukur dengan menghitung nilai imbalan penerimaan atas biaya (R/C ratio) dan imbalan pendapatan atas biaya (B/C ratio). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah cabang, ersen polong hampa, bobot polong isi, biji isi, bobot biji per tanaman. Namun perlakuan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, polong isi, jumlah polong per tanaman, biji hampa atau sakit, jumlah biji per batang, persen biji hampa atau sakit, bobot biji 1000 butir. Semua paket teknologi layak secara teknis untuk dikembangkan karena memiliki nilai R/C rasio > 1
Stabilitas Parameter Kualitas 35 Klon Teh Sinensis (Camellia Sinensis var. Sinensis) Yang Diolah Menjadi Teh Hijau Dengan Metode Panning dan Steaming
Full text linkThe Research Institute for Tea and Cinchona (RITC) has a collection of 35 tea clones of the Sinensis type whose performance parameters for green tea are unknown, so it is necessary to screen these clones as an effort to characterize the performance parameters for green tea quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the clones with stable quality parameter performance in two processing methods namely panning and steaming as well as the suitability of each clone with the processing method. The diversity of green tea quality parameter performance was analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). The stability of the green tea quality parameters was tested using the Finaly-Wilkinson method, while the differences in the performance of the green tea quality parameters in the panning and steaming methods were analyzed using combined variance followed by an additional Honest Significant Difference (BNJ) test at the 5% level. The results of this study were clones I.1.101, I.2.34, I.2.85, II.1.3, II.1.60, R1, S2, GMBS 3, and GMBS 4 which had stable green tea quality in two processing methods, namely panning and steaming. . Meanwhile clones I.2.34, I.4.113, II.2.146, II.3.16, R3, S1, S3, and GMBS 3 will show good quality green tea when processed using the panning method, while clones I.1.93, II.2.108 , II.4.32, II.4.178, SGMBA, and Yabukita will show good quality green tea when processed using the steaming method.Pusat Penelitian Teh dan Kina (PPTK) memiliki 35 koleksi klon teh tipe Sinensis yang belum diketahui performa parameter kualitas teh hijaunya, sehingga kegiatan skrining terhadap klon-klon tersebut perlu dilakukan sebagai upaya karakterisasi performa parameter kualitas teh hijaunya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui klon-klon dengan performa parameter kualitas yang stabil dalam dua metode pengolahan yaitu panning dan steaming serta kecocokan masing-masing klon dengan metode pengolahan. Keragaman performa parameter kualitas teh hijau dianalaisisi menggunakan principal componen analysis (PCA). Kestabilan parameter kualitas teh hijau diuji menggunakan metode Finaly-Wilkinson, sedangkan perbedaan performa parameter kualitas teh hijau pada metode panning dan steaming dianalisis menggunakan sidik ragam gabungan dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf 5%. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah klon I.1.101, I.2.34, I.2.85, II.1.3, II.1.60, R1, S2, GMBS 3, dan GMBS 4 memiliki kualitas teh hijau yang stabil pada dua metode pengolahan yaitu panning dan steaming. Sementara itu klon I.2.34, I.4.113, II.2.146, II.3.16, R3, S1, S3, dan GMBS 3 akan menunjukkan kualitas teh hijau yang baik apabila diolah dengan metode panning, sedangkan klon I.1.93, II.2.108, II.4.32, II.4.178, SGMBA, dan Yabukita akan menunjukkan kualitas teh hijau yang baik apabila diolah dengan metode steaming
The Relationship Between Soil Fertility and Basal Stem Rot Disease in Oil Palm Plantations
Full text linkIn oil palm, Ganoderma boninense causes stem rot disease, which is often difficult to control, and soil fertility status is related to the ecology of G. boninense as a soil-borne pathogen. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the relationship between soil fertility and stem rot disease as well as appropriate management methods to control the disease. This was carried out at the Nusantara Plantation Company\u27s 7, Unit Kiwah Rejosari-Pematang from June 2021 to January 2022. The determination of observation blocks was carried out selectively using three blocks of land attacked by Ganoderma boninense with the same criteria for the year of planting and the same soil type. Each block consists of five plots. Each plot consisted of five sub-plots, consisting of 3 oil palms for disease severity assessment and soil sampling. The soil for each subplot was composed of 15 samples, which were analyzed for physical and chemical properties of the soil. Determination of fertility status based on the soil research manual published by the Indonesian Bogor Soil Research Center with parameters from the analysis results. The limiting factor for fertility is the cation exchange capacity of the soil, which ranges from 10.07 meq/100 g to 17.68 meq/100 g, and the C-organic content, which ranges from 0.40 to 1.15%. According to chi-square analysis, this fertility-limiting factor is related to disease severity. Therefore, management needs to be done by adding organic matter to the soil, practicing organic or inorganic fertilization, and following the principles of cultivating healthy oil palm plants.In oil palm, Ganoderma boninense causes stem rot disease, which is often difficult to control, and soil fertility status is related to the ecology of G. boninense as a soil-borne pathogen. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the relationship between soil fertility and stem rot disease as well as appropriate management methods to control the disease. This was carried out at the Nusantara Plantation Company\u27s 7, Unit Kiwah Rejosari-Pematang from June 2021 to January 2022. The determination of observation blocks was carried out selectively using three blocks of land attacked by Ganoderma boninense with the same criteria for the year of planting and the same soil type. Each block consists of five plots. Each plot consisted of five sub-plots, consisting of 3 oil palms for disease severity assessment and soil sampling. The soil for each subplot was composed of 15 samples, which were analyzed for physical and chemical properties of the soil. Determination of fertility status based on the soil research manual published by the Indonesian Bogor Soil Research Center with parameters from the analysis results. The limiting factor for fertility is the cation exchange capacity of the soil, which ranges from 10.07 meq/100 g to 17.68 meq/100 g, and the C-organic content, which ranges from 0.40 to 1.15%. According to chi-square analysis, this fertility-limiting factor is related to disease severity. Therefore, management needs to be done by adding organic matter to the soil, practicing organic or inorganic fertilization, and following the principles of cultivating healthy oil palm plants
Potensi dan Mekanisme Yeast-Like Fungus Pseudozyma dalam Mengendalikan Antraknosa pada Cabai
Full text linkApplication of biocontrol agents on pre- and post-harvest commodities is a promising disease control strategy. This research was objected to study the potencies and antagonism mechanisms of eight isolates of yeast-like fungus Pseudozyma, i.e. P. hubeiensis Dmg 18 BEP, Dmg 20 DEP, Dmg 23 DEP, Dmg 27 BEP, and Dmg 32 DEP, P. shanxiensis Dmg 28 DEP, dan P. aphidis SG 25 BE and SG 53 BE in controlling Colletotrichum acutatum, the cause of anthracnose on chili. Those isolates of Pseudozyma were obtain from chili leaf and fruit surfaces and tissues. To study their potencies in controlling anthracnose on chili caused by C. acutatum, the eight Pseudozyma isolates were applied on chili fruit. While the study of the antagonism mechanisms was performed by antibiosis, volatile compound formation, chitinolitic activities, hyperparasitism, and ACC deaminase production tests. The results showed that all isolates of the Pseudozyma had the potencies to control anthracnose on chili caused by C. acutatum with more than 60% control levels. The mechanisms were production of volatile compounds, chitinolitic activities, and hyperparasitism. Those Pseudozyma isolates did not produce ACC deaminase.Aplikasi agens hayati terhadap patogen pada komoditas pra- dan pascapanen merupakan strategi pengendalian yang potensial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi dan menentukan mekanisme antagonisme delapan isolat yeast-like fungus Pseudozyma yaitu P. hubeiensis Dmg 18 BEP, Dmg 20 DEP, Dmg 23 DEP, Dmg 27 BEP, dan Dmg 32 DEP, P. shanxiensis Dmg 28 DEP, dan P. aphidis SG 25 BE dan SG 53 BE dalam mengendalikan Colletotrichum acutatum penyebab antraknosa pada cabai. Delapan isolat Pseudozyma tersebut diperoleh dari permukaan dan jaringan daun dan buah cabai. Pengujian terhadap potensi delapan isolat Pseudozyma tersebut dalam mengendalikan antraknosa pada cabai yang disebabkan oleh C. acutatum dilakukan pada buah cabai, sedangkan pengujian mekanisme pengendalian dilakukan melalui uji antibiosis, pembentukan senyawa volatil, aktivitas kitinolitik, hiperparasitisme dan produksi ACC deaminase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh isolat Pseudozyma yang diuji berpotensi dalam mengendalikan antraknosa cabai yang disebabkan oleh C. acutatum dengan tingkat pengendalian lebih dari 60%. Mekanisme pengendalian yang dihasilkan oleh isolat Pseudozyma tersebut adalah pembentukan senyawa volatil, aktivitas kitinolitik, dan hiperparasitisme. Isolat Pseudozyma yang diuji tidak menghasilkan ACC deaminase