Jurnal Online Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira
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Dinamika perubahan, transformasi, dan permanensi lingkungan Pasar Baru Bandung tahun 1906 - 2019
Full text linkDynamic of changes, transformation and permanency in environment of Pasar Baru Bandung from 1906 - 2019
Pasar Baru as one of the growth poles of the city center of Bandung, whose development has helped to shape the urban characteristics of the downtown area. This environment undergoes changes and transformation in pattern, type, and system which related to its physical environment, during the initial formation of the area until now. The purpose of this study is to describe the non-physical change, transformation, and permanency in the Pasar Baru Bandung environment which affect it characteristics. The study approach is synchronic-diachronic with descriptive qualitative methods using historical reading from 1906 to 2019 and tissue analysis in 2019. Research carried out around Pasar Baru Bandung, including Jalan Otto Iskandardinata, Jalan ABC, Jalan Pecinan Lama, Jalan Alkateri and small streets in between. The results of this study indicate that the change in system often occurs in the environment related to access, however, access does not have any significant transformation compared to the physical structure. The function in the environment tends to be permanent compared with the transformation in building and the mass density of the environment.Pasar Baru sebagai salah satu simpul pertumbuhan pusat Kota Bandung yang perkembangannya turut membentuk karakteristik perkotaan kawasan pusat Kota Bandung. Lingkungan ini mengalami perubahan dan transformasi pada pola, tipe, maupun sistem yang terkait dengan lingkungan fisiknya, selama awal pembentukan kawasan hingga kini. Tujuan kajian ini untuk mendeskripsikan perubahan terkait non-fisik, transformasi, serta permanensi pada lingkungan Pasar Baru Bandung yang mempengaruhi perubahan karakteristiknya. Pendekatan studi adalah sinkronik-diakronik dengan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan historical reading dari tahun 1906 hingga 2019 dan tissue analysis pada tahun 2019. Kajian dilakukan di sekitar Pasar Baru Bandung termasuk Jalan Otto Iskandardinata, Jalan ABC, Jalan Pecinan Lama, Jalan Alkateri dan jalan- kecil diantaranya. Hasil dari kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa perubahan sistem seringkali terjadi pada akses dalam lingkungan, namun akses tidak mengalami transformasi signifikan dikomparasikan dengan fisik bangunan. Fungsi pada lingkungan bila dibandingkan dengan fisik bangungan cenderung permanen bila dibandingkan dengan transformasi pada bangunan dan kepadatan massa lingkungannya
Dominasi ragam akulturasi lokal-moderen pada bangunan Casablancka residence, Bali
Full text linkDomination of local-modern acculturation in Casablancka residence, Bali
The phenomenon of local-modern architecture acculturation is important to explore because it can be used as a concept of contemporary architecture (kiwari architecture). The research object in this study is Casablancka Residence building in Bali. The object of research is a new building which is still rarely studied, especially from the aspect of architectural acculturation. This research aims to uncover various forms of acculturation of local and modern architecture in terms of various aspects of the form of acculturation, also to see which one is more dominant between local and modern architecture in the Casablancka Residence building. The Archetype Theory is then used to uncover the architectural phenomenon of Casablancka Residence building. Through a descriptive-analytical-interpretative approach, the characteristic of the acculturation will be revealed. The results of this study found a stronger dominance of local elements whose outlines appear on the roofs and floors of buildings that use strong local forms and materials, while modern elements are more dominant on the walls of buildings dominated by modern glass materials. The benefits of this study are expected to contribute positively for the community to raise the awareness of the importance of locality in building and preserving local culture and architecture. The other benefits are to increase architectural knowledge for academics and practitioners.Fenomena wujud akulturasi arsitektur lokal-modern menjadi penting ditelusuri karena dapat dijadikan konsep arsitektur masa kini (arsitektur kiwari). Objek studi penelitian ini adalah bangunan Casablancka Residence di Bali. Objek studi merupakan bangunan baru dan jarang diteliti, terutama dari aspek wujud akulturasi arsitekturnya. Penelitian ini selain bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan ragam bentuk akulturasi arsitektur lokal - modern yang ditinjau dari aspek ragam bentuk akulturasi, juga untuk melihat mana yang lebih mendonimasi antara arsitektur lokal dan modern yang ada pada bangunan Casablancka Residence. Teori yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah teori archetype yang berfungsi mengungkap fenomena arsitektur Casablancka Residence tersebut. Metoda yang digunakan dalam menelusuri kasus studi adalah deskriptif, analitik dan interpretatif, sesuai dengan karakteristik kasus studi yang diungkap. Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan dominasi yang lebih kuat pada unsur lokal dimana secara garis besar nampak pada bagian atap dan alas bangunan yang menggunakan bentuk serta material lokal yang kuat, sedangkan unsur modern lebih dominan pada bagian dinding bangunan yang didominasi material kaca modern. Manfaat dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap masyarakat akan pentingnya penerapan lokalitas dalam membangun serta mengupayakan pelestarian budaya arsitektur lokal dan juga menambah khasanah ilmu pengetahuan arsitektur yang telah ada baik bagi akademik maupun praktisi
Mandat (creadential) dalam budaya mitigasi bencana pada masyarakat Kampung Budaya Sindang Barang
Full text linkMandate (credential) as mitigation culture on local community of Sindang Barang
Local wisdom can be learned through discovery of physical elements of traditional villages, such as spatial layout, architectural objects, and daily activities. The organization prevailing in environment plays an important role in managing a contextual mitigation culture. The co-existence of authority (mandate) masters have the authority of value/cultural capital and to create symbolic elements, such as will or belief. Sindang Barang Cultural Village was taken as a case study to reveal the history and role of the mandate in the culture of disaster mitigation. This study aims to observe the role of the mandate and its impact in disaster mitigation. The role of the mandate is also examined to see the existence of efforts to preserve the values of local wisdom towards the times. This research uses descriptive-qualitative method by tracing the phenomena and artifacts in the field. The analysis carried out in two phases. The first phase is to create a mitigation concept table based on the existing program or artifacts. The second phase is to discuss the mitigation culture based on its classified capacities. The mitigation seen from the Sindang Barang Cultural Village program and artifacts is the risk of fire, earthquake, and landslide. The process of determining a mandate is commensurate with adaptive capacity because this stage tends to lead to restriction or orders about in program that is carried out systematically in particular context.Kearifan lokal dapat dipelajari melalui penelusuran terhadap kampung adat secara fisik pada tata ruang kawasan, bentuk arsitektur, dan aktivitas sehari-hari. Organisasi yang berlaku dalam sebuah lingkungan menjadi faktor penting dalam mengelola budaya mitigasi yang kontekstual. Adanya wewenang (mandat) dapat menguasai nilai/modal kultural dan menciptakan unsur simbolis seperti kepercayaan atau keyakinan. Kampung Budaya Sindang Barang diambil sebagai kasus kajian untuk mengungkap sejarah dan peran mandat dalam budaya mitigasi bencana. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengamati adanya peran mandat beserta dampaknya dalam mitigasi bencana. Peran mandat juga ditelaah untuk melihat adanya upaya pelestarian nilai-nilai kearifan lokal terhadap perkembangan jaman. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-kualitatif dengan menelusuri fenomena dan artefak yang ada di lapangan. Analisis dilakukan melalui dua tahap. Tahap pertama adalah membuat tabel upaya mitigasi berdasarkan program atau artefak yang masih ada. Tahap ke-dua adalah membuat diskusi konsep budaya mitigasi berdasarkan kapasitasnya. Adapun mitigasi yang terlihat dari program dan artefak Kampung Budaya Sindang Barang adalah risiko kebakaran, bencana gempa bumi, dan tanah longsor. Proses menentukan mandat sepadan dengan kapasitas adaptif karena tahap ini cenderung mengarah kepada pantangan atau perintah dalam sebuah program yang diselenggarakan secara sistematis pada konteks tertentu
Antropologi Politik Helmuth Plessner
Full text linkIn the contexts of contemporary social and political thought, a fundamental anthropological and political problem is thedebate about how deeply the essence of the human related to political praxis. The purpose of this article is to explore the idea ofHelmuth Plessner’s political anthropology as the middle paradigm, between political theology and economic theology. In thefirst and second parts of this article, Plessner’s philosophical anthropology will be presented, which focuses on the concept of theeccentric position of human being. Based on this concept, Plessner attempted to show the mutual interpenetration of philosophyand politics, which will be described in the third part of this article. Plessner insists on the importance of a philosophicalanthropology of the political for practical politics itself. Some conclusion will be drawn concerning the importance of smalldimensions of Plessner’s political anthropology in relation to the current political context
Identifikasi tingkat kebisingan serta indikasi dampak desain barrier hunian di tepi jalan raya
Full text linkIdentification of noise level and indication of its impact on residential barrier design in street edge
The effect of noises toward human body not only disturb the hearing organs, it can also disturb other human body parts and in some cases may results in reduction of work’s efficiency. This study aims to assess the noise level in residential areas on the edge of the city of Yogyakarta highway and to find any indication of the impact on building design and barriers by homeowners to reduce noise. This research is quantitative associative. Data obtained from measurements and field observations. The results showed that the noise level in residential areas on the edge of the highway, class II street and local roads in the city of Yogyakarta did not meet the standard values of LTNI and LNP. The design of buildings and barriers as a noise reduction factors for the highway was found with a percentage of 100% on the Jalan Bung Tarjo segment, 85.7% on the Jalan Ki Penjawi segment, 20.83% on the Jalan Juminahan segment, 52.08% on the Jalan Bausasran segment, 13.37% on the Jalan Suryodiningratan segment, and 10.7% on the Jalan Mangkuyudan segment. Therefore, the people of Yogyakarta are not fully aware of the high level of road noise.Pengaruh kebisingan terhadap fisik manusia tidak saja mengganggu organ pendengaran, tetapi juga dapat menimbulkan gangguan pada organ-organ tubuh yang lain serta penurunan efektivitas kerja dan kinerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tingkat kebisingan di hunian di tepi jalan raya Kota Yogyakarta serta menemukan indikasi dampak pada desain bangunan dan barrier oleh pemilik rumah untuk mengurangi kebisingan. Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif asosiatif. Data diperoleh dari pengukuran dan pengamatan lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tingkat kebisingan di hunian di tepi jalan raya, kelas jalan II, jalan lokal, di Kota Yogyakarta belum memenuhi standar nilai LTNI dan LNP. Desain bangunan serta barrier sebagai faktor pereduksi kebisingan jalan raya ditemukan dengan persentase sebesar 100% pada ruas Jalan Bung Tarjo, 85,7% pada ruas Jalan Ki Penjawi, 20,83% pada ruas Jalan Juminahan, 52,08% pada ruas Jalan Bausasran, 13,37% pada ruas Jalan Suryodiningratan, dan 10,7% pada ruas Jalan Mangkuyudan. Dengan demikian masyarakat belum sepenuhnya sadar terhadap tingginya tingkat kebisingan jalan raya
Masa Depan Kita Ada di Laut
Full text linkThis research did a study on the potentials of the marine-and-fishery-based development in the NTT province. Marinebaseddevelopmentis a developmentthat uses the advantagesof marine resourcesfor the enhancement of people’sprosperitywithoutneglecting the marine ecologypreservation.The main assumption of this researchis that the NTTProvincehas agreatpotential of marine resourcesbut they havenot been used with utmost effortfor development.The objectiveof this studyisto explorethe marine potentials of NTTwaters for developmentand to what extent the provincialgovernmenthas made itspolicyto developmarine sector,what has been carried out, what arethe results,and what arethe obstacles in the development56JAP UNWIRA, Vol. 1, No. 1, Januari - Juni 2020of marine and fishery sector in NTT. Methods used are qualitative and the data collection is done through field observationand literature study. The results show that the marine potentials have not been utilized at the maximum level for the economicdevelopment. This can be detected from the low production of fish, unused infrastructure, no fisherman-oriented development,inefficient distribution and marketing of fish. This government-based natural resources management is not accompanied bysufficient technological know-how. Therefore it is recommended to establish a simpler organization with more functions. Theskill and the holistic knowledge of the personnel should be upgraded through education. We also need to enhance inter-sectoralcooperation, both between government organizations and with private enterprises within the province or between the provincesin a sustainable way. The personnel competence needs to be enhanced in the management and allocation of limited resources, sothat policy implementer can identify and make the priority of prime needs for human development.Key words
Penilaian kualitas estetika elemen arsitektural bangunan Kolonial di Jalan Basuki Rahmat, Malang
Full text linkAssessment of aesthetical quality of architectural elements of Colonial buildings in Jalan Basuki Rahmat, Malang
The characters of a building are formed by several elements, one of them is an architectural element. The architectural element can be assessed using aesthetic judgment scales. Aesthetic value is closely related to public perception. The Colonial buildings in Jalan Basuki Rahmat have distinctive character that worth to be preserved. Assessment of building aesthetic is the initial step in the effort to preserve colonial buildings. This study aims to assess the aesthetic quality of the architectural elements of Colonial buildings in Jalan Basuki Rahmat. Questionnaires are used to collect data, and Aesthetic measurement is carried out using the semantic differential scale. The community members are requested to judge the aesthetic quality of the buildings based on their own perceptions by looking at photos. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent samples test, and linear regression. The research results showed that the architectural element that had the most significant impact on the aesthetic quality of Colonial buildings were the façade. The Colonial building with the highest aesthetic value is the Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus Malang.Karakter suatu bangunan dibentuk oleh beberapa elemen. Diantaranya adalah elemen arsitektural. Elemen arsitektural bisa dinilai menggunakan skala penilaian kualitas estetika. Nilai estetika berkaitan erat dengan persepsi masyarakat. Bangunan Kolonial di Jalan Basuki Rahmat Malang memiliki karakter yang khas sehingga patut dilestarikan. Penilaian estetika bangunan merupakan langkah awal dalam upaya pelestarian bangunan Kolonial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai kualitas estetika elemen arsitektural bangunan Kolonial di Jalan Basuki Rahmat Malang. Kuesioner digunakan untuk pengambilan data. Pengukuran kualitas estetika dilakukan dengan menggunakan semantic differential scale. Masyarakat diminta menilai kualitas estetika bangunan berdasarkan persepsinya masing-masing dengan melihat foto. Data dianalisis menggunakan descriptive statistics, independent samples test, dan linier regression. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa elemen arsitektural yang berdampak paling signifikan terhadap keindahan bangunan kolonial adalah fasade. Bangunan kolonial dengan nilai estetika tertinggi adalah Gereja Hati Kudus Yesus Malang
Pengembangan kampung kota sebagai salah satu alternatif tujuan wisata minat khusus
Full text linkThe development of urban kampong as one the alternatives special interest tourism
Many people are interested in going to urban areas, because of the economic opportunities offered by city facilities. When cities grow in size and population, the harmony between the spatial, social, environmental aspects of the city and its inhabitants become very important. The formation of urban kampong settlements which are mostly inhabited by low-income communities is an integral part of the city's growth process. In general, people living in settlements do not have social power, less economic resources and physical ability to struggle to live in the city. They must be creative in handling minimal infrastructure facilities in settlements. The strategy of developing Urban Kampong into tourism destination is the process of developing urban kampong that focus on community empowerment through the construction of physical infrastructure. Therefore, this approach involves learning the local knowledge not only from the community leaders but also from all community members. This research will share the experience on how to empower communities living in urban kampong settlement in order to develop their housing areas into special interest tourism destinations.Banyak orang tertarik untuk pergi ke daerah perkotaan, karena peluang ekonomi yang ditawarkan oleh fasilitas kota. Ketika kota tumbuh dalam ukuran dan populasi, keharmonisan antara aspek spasial, sosial, lingkungan kota dan penghuninya menjadi sangat penting. Pembentukan permukiman kampung kota yang sebagian besar dihuni oleh masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah adalah bagian integral dari proses pertumbuhan kota. Secara umum orang yang tinggal di pemukiman tidak memiliki kekuatan sosial, lebih sedikit sumber daya ekonomi dan kemampuan fisik untuk berjuang hidup di kota. Mereka harus kreatif dalam menangani fasilitas infrastruktur yang minim pada permukiman. Strategi pengembangan kampung kota menjadi destinasi wisata adalah proses pengembangan kampung kota yang berfokus pada pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui pembangunan fasilitas infrastruktur fisik. Oleh karena itu pendekatan ini melibatkan pembelajaran pengetahuan lokal tidak hanya dari pemimpin masyarakat tetapi dari semua anggota masyarakat. Makalah ini akan berbagi pengalaman bagaimana memberdayakan masyarakat pada permukiman kampong kota untuk mengembangkan wilayah tempat tinggal mereka menjadi kawasan tujuan wisata minat khusus
Pengakuan Formal dan Pemenuhan Hak Nelayan
Full text linkThe Fisherman Card as a proof fisherman identity is a form of formal recognition of the existence and rights of the fishermenby the state. The implementation of the fisherman card from Jakarta up to remote areas is regulated in the Decree of theMinister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries No.16 of the year 2016 on the Fisherman Card. The government through theMinistry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, c.q. the Provincial Office as well as the Municipality Office of Marine Affairsand Fisheries are targeting that the whole fishermen in this area would hold the fisherman card. Since its launching in2013 until the implementation of the Ministerial Regulation on the Fisherman Card, many fishermen have not received thefisherman card while those who hold the card do not understand the function of the card. The Kupang Municipality up to the144JAP UNWIRA, Vol. 1, No. 1, Januari - Juni 2020mid of 2017 has covered only 26.74 percent of the fishermen as card recipients. This research utilizes the Dunn theoreticalframework that covers the aspects of effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equality, responsiveness, and correctness to analyze theimplementation of Fisherman Card in Kupang Municipality. The research period that started from June through September2017 in five coastal villages (Nunbaun Sabu, Nunbaun Delha, Pasir Panjang, Oesapa, Lasiana) found that 73.26 percentof the fishermen had not possessed the Fisherman Card. Worse even, the card holders did not understand the purpose of thecard. The low percentage of card ownership is considered as caused by inadequacy of technical apparatus and human resourcesthat could not cover the whole fishermen of Kupang Municipality. The Fisherman Card is also gender-biased in that itaccommodates only fisherman as narrowly defined by the Law No.7 of 2016 as a person whose occupation is catching fish. TheFisherman Card neglects the pre and post activities of fish catching as well as of salt farmers, most of which are female works.The halfhearted recognition by state of the existence of fishermen who are involved in every link of the marine and fisherywork-chain is nothing but an indicator of the state’s absence to fulfill the rights of fishermen, and of fisherwomen in particular
Identifikasi unsur-unsur arsitektural rumah kalang di Kotagede Yogyakarta
Full text linkIdentification of architectural elements of kalang house in Kotagede Yogyakarta
Kalang house on Jalan Mondorakan, Kotagede is a Javanese traditional house built and owned by Javanese people by adopting architectural elements from art nouveau and art deco architecture. Kalang house reflects Javanese houses in terms of spatial aspects, roof shape, and some Javanese ornaments. Whereas the influence of art nouveau and art deco are shown from themed ornaments and are the result of stilation of flora and fauna which are different with ornamentation in traditional Javanese houses. This study aims to identify architectural elements in kalang houses and find out what factors influence the differences and similarities in the processing of architectural elements in kalang house. This study uses descriptive methods through case studies in the field with analysis through qualitative methods. Methods of data collection through direct observation, interviews, documentation and supported by literature studies. The results of this study indicate that the differences and similarities of architectural elements in homes are affected by several factors such as the owner's socio-economic (profession), history, functions and activities from the past to the present, and site conditions (dimension, form, site position of the circulation path). Through the results of this study, it is expected to be able to support the effort of preserving house building as one of Indonesia's distinctive cultural heritage, especially Kotagede.Rumah Kalang di Jalan Mondorakan Kotagede merupakan rumah tradisional Jawa yang dibangun dan dimiliki oleh orang Jawa, dan mengadopsi unsur-unsur arsitektural dari arsitektur art nouveau dan art deco. Tidak ada pakem atau aturan-aturan tertentu yang mengatur tentang arsitektur rumah kalang. Rumah kalang mencerminkan rumah Jawa dilihat dari aspek spasial, bentuk atap, serta beberapa ragam hias ornamen khas Jawa. Pengaruh art nouveau dan art deco ditunjukkan dari ornamen yang bertema dan merupakan hasil stilasi dari flora dan fauna yang berbeda dengan ragam hias pada rumah tradisional Jawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi unsur-unsur arsitektural pada bangunan rumah kalang dan mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi perbedaan dan kesamaan pengolahan unsur-unsur arsitektural yang ada di Rumah Kalang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif melalui kasus studi di lapangan dengan analisa melalui cara kualitatif. Metode pengambilan data melalui observasi langsung, wawancara, dan dokumentasi serta didukung dengan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan dan kesamaan unsur-unsur arsitektural pada rumah kalang yang ada sekarang dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti sosial-ekonomi (profesi) pemilik, sejarah, fungsi dan kegiatan di dalamnya dari dulu hingga sekarang, serta kondisi site (luas site, bentuk site, posisi terhadap jalur sirkulasi). Melalui hasil penelitian ini diharapkan mampu mendukung upaya pelestarian bangunan rumah kalang sebagai salah satu warisan budaya khas Indonesia khususnya Kotagede