American Academic & Scholarly Research Center: AASRC Journal Systems
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Soil Contamination with Soil Transmitted Helminths in different locations in Ihiala L.G.A Anambra State, South East, Nigeria.
Get PDFSoil transmitted helminths (STHs) otherwise known as geohelminths are a group of helminths parasites with an essential part of their life cycle in the soil. The commonest and well known of such parasites are Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Hookworm and Strongyloides stercoralis. These helminths are parasitic nematodes, which could infect humans and animals by contact with eggs or infective larvae and in some cases cause serious disorders. The present study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of geohelminths eggs in the soil from different locations of Ihiala L.G.A. Anambra State, South East, Nigeria. A total of 1,813 soil samples were collected from different locations such as household, school compounds, markets, churches, village square and common pathways. The collection was done in the morning hours from 6.00 am – 11.00 am, when the larvae and eggs of geohelminths are still active and fresh. The samples were analysed by the zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) floatation technique and examined under light microscope using 10X and 40X objectives. Out of 1,813 soil samples examined a total of 908 (50.1%) were contaminated with different geohelminths eggs. The highest occurrence was recorded in household yards (64.3%) followed by village square (59.8%) while the least occurrence was observed in church premises (27.4%). Ascaris was the commonest parasite recovered from household yards whereas Hookworm was the commonest in village square. Strongyloides stercoralis larvae were only recovered from household yards (1.2%). Ascaris has the overall highest prevalence in soil samples (25.0%) while the least was Strongyloides (0.5%). These differences were found to be statistically significant (P<0.05). From the results, there is evidence of ova and larva of human geohelminths parasites in soils of Ihiala L.G.A of Anambra State South eastern Nigeria thereby exposing the inhabitants to great risk of infection.  
The implementation of knowledge management from the perspective of employees at King Abdul Aziz University in Jeddah
Get PDFThis study aimed to know the reality of applying Knowledge Management (KM) at King Abdul-Aziz University from the administrator’s point of view and its correlation with some factors. The sample size consisted of (203) employees chosen by random stratified method from several departments. A questionnaire was designed to measure the reality of applying KM in the university and to analyze the data statistically (arithmetical averages and standard deviations were used). The study reached the following results: The University allocates bonuses and incentives to encourage employees sharing knowledge, keeping it in databases, benefiting from previous experiences and success stories using information systems. Moreover, the degree of activation and use of information systems by administrators and administrators at the University has an effective role to implement KM. The results of the averages of respondents query in the highest order was for the role of the "knowledge sharing" process, followed by the "knowledge storage" and its coding. The study shows that the university and its employees seek to transform implicit knowledge into knowledge and support the dissemination and sharing of knowledge. This is a positive indicator towards the direction of KM and supports the shift from information management to KM and its implementation.  
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND BACTERIALOGICAL ANALYSIS OF SHALLOW HAND-DUG WELL WATER IN ISOKO NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, DELTA STATE
Get PDFThe study is aimed at assessing the quality of water from shallow hand-dug wells in Isoko North Local Government Area of Delta State from the month of September to November, 2015. The populace in the study area highly depends on this source of water for drinking and domestic activities. Water samples were collected from nine sites (W1, W2, W3, W4, W5, W6, W7, W8 & W9) from the study area. These samples were examined for heavy metal concentration using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS), bacteriological contamination and some physicochemical parameters. The results obtained were studied and compared with World Health Organization standard. The pH values obtained ranged from 4.22 to 6.08 showing that the water samples were slightly acidic. COD, DO and BOD values obtained all exceeded the permissible limit of WHO standard showing that the water from the study area may cause detrimental effect to human life. Phosphates (15.84±5.70 – 17.87±5.20) and sulphates (520.02±91.69 – 544.18±96.26) contents were higher than the WHO permissible limit. The microbiological analysis showed that the total coliform and E.Coli count recorded values were not within WHO permissible limit which is an indication of faecal contamination. All other physic-chemical parameters (temperature (28.11±0.72 – 28.30±0.59), electrical conductivity (21.36±23.24 – 25.31±23.30), nitrate (5.73±0.93 – 5.86±0.98) and chloride (61.78±10.95 – 67.11±13.84)were within the acceptable WHO (2011) Permissible limits. The water samples from the wells had higher level of heavy metals. Mn (0.08±0.05 – 0.30±0.33), Fe (0.19±0.22 – 0.32±0.34), Zn (0.33±0.19 – 0.37±0.20), Cd (0.15±0.20 – 0.20±0.29), and Pb (0.19±0.24 – 0.19±0.32) were found to be above the permissible limits of WHO specifications of 0.1 mg/l, 5mg/l, 0.5mg/l, 0.05mg/l and 0.05 mg/l for Mn, Fe, Zn, Cd and Pb respectively except for Cr which was only detected in W6. The results obtained showed that the water from the study area were contaminated/polluted making the water unfit for drinking and other domestic uses. Contamination of this water source may have been caused by closeness of water source to pit latrine, domestic refuse dumps, stagnant water, bad sewage system and other human activities. Consequently, these ground water sources in thes study require treatment before they will be good for human consumption
Pharmacological Activities of Compounds of Leaves and Roots of Imperata Cylindrica with Its Antimicrobial and Structural Elucidation
Get PDFThe pharmaceutical constituents and structural elucidation of total phenols on the leaves and roots of imperata cylindrica plant were carried out to ascertain the active constituents that are responsible for its use as an astringent, febrifuge, diuretic, tonic and styptic action and its use for teething problems in infancy and others. The phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoid, tannins, saponnins, steroids, terpenes and glycosides on the plant. The quantitative analysis of the phytochemicals present in the 4g of crude drug was determined using Van-Burden & Robinson 1981 method for Tannins, Obadoni & Ochuko 2001 method for Saponin, Harbone 1993 method for Alkaloids, Bohm &Kocipal Abyazan 1994 method for Flavonoids and Salkowske method for Terpenoids. Result showed that the crude drug contained Tannin (5.7%), Flavonoids (10.3%), Alkaloids (5.4%), Saponins (2.25%) and Terpenoids (43.3%). The antibacterial and antifungal activity screening showed strong inhibitory effect against test organism. E. coli, staphylococcus epidermis, Kleibsiella Pneumonia, pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pyogenes, Asperigillus niger, Asperigellus flavus, Candida albican, Fusarium Oxysparum , Candida parapsilosis. Preparative thin layer chromatography and thin layer chromatography techniques were used to separate compounds from the extract which was subjected to structural elucidation using spectroscopic instruments such as GC-MS, UV-VIS AND FTIR. The spectral analyses suggested the presence of 1,6-anhydro-Heptanoic acid, 1,6-dichloro-cyclohexaneacetic acid, 1,6-anhydro-5-Hexenoic acid, 5-Hexenoic acid and cyclohexaneacetic acid. Fatty acid ethyl ester is known for its antibacterial, antifungal and also anti-inflammatory properties which would be effective in the management of bacterial and fungal infections. These results confirm the ethnomedicinal use of imperata cylindrica
Admission Obstacles for Masters and PhD Students in Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia
Get PDFGraduate studies in Saudi Arabia furnish scholars with strategic impetus balancing between extracurricular activities and the academic life. Lavish architecture, rejuvenating spa facilities, high tech gadgets and splendid scenic views such as of the Red Sea, intersperse the academic life of the sacred few who pass the disastrous admission process. This article dissectsthe admission barriers into Graduate courses, succinctly, Masters and PHD, for scholars in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This is despite a shortage of Saudi PHD to meet the spiraling demand in various faculties that are presently expatriates dominated. Adopting a blended qualitativeand quantitative research approach, the researcher unravels the endemic hiatus for efficacious admission into Graduate studies in Saudi Arabia. The investigation revealed pedantic admission barriers, demotivating potential Saudis from pursuing graduate studies as: astronomically highfinancial cost of Graduate course and especially in private universities, family commitments, English as a language of delivery, length of course, lack of time and the commitment constraint to completing a Graduate course, university’s capacity and other restrictive admission requirements. The investigation further revealed predominant facilitators for admission into the Graduate studies in KSA as career progression, work experience and intrinsic personal motivation such as attaining personal goals. The research concludes with recommendations to ease, facilitate, smoothen and tackle the Graduate admission hurdles
THE LEVEL OF PSYCHOSOCIAL PRESSURE FACED BY PARENTS OF AUTISTIC STUDENTS AND THEIR RELEVANCE TO CERTAIN VARIABLES
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to identify the social and psychological pressure faced by parents of autistic students and their relevance to certain variables. The sample consisted of (163) parents of autistic students ( 94 ) males, ( 69 ) females. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of (67) paragraphs measuring 4 dimensions: anxiety, isolation, independence and depression.The results indicated that the overall level of psychosocial pressure was low. The results also showed statistically significant differences in favor of females except independence dimension. The results also showed that there are statistically significant differences in favor of higher education qualifications, as the psychosocial pressure decreases as the academic qualification increases. The results also showed that there were significant differences in the economic level, psychosocial pressure decreased as the economic level increased
Review of Rate Constants for the Thermal Dissociation of Dinitrogen Oxide (N2O) and the O(3P) + N2O reaction
Get PDFThe rate of the reaction of N2O with O(3P) was investigated experimentally and by kinetic modelling using Arhenius equations but only over a limited temperature range of 1200 ≤ T ≤ 1400k was applied. Upper limit values of the overall rate constant for the N2O + O(3P) reaction were estimated by a statistical technique. These values obtained were about a factor of 10 lower when compared with an overall uncertainty of about a factor of three than those calculated from the recommended Arhenius expressions of previous scientist. The thermal dissociation of N2O in argon was carried out and investigated by monitoring the formation of O(3P) atoms in the reflected shock regime using Atomic Resonance Absorption Spectro-photometry (ARAS). The total density and N2O ranges were between (2.6x1018)- (5.4 x 1018) molecules cm-3 and (3.3 x 1012) – (7.9 x 1015) molecules cm-3 respectively.The values for the bimolecular rate constant derived under low-pressure limit conditions are given by the Arhenius expression: K(T) = (1.18 + 0.16) x 10-9 exp ( -57820 + 460 cal mol-1) /RT cm3 molecule -1 s-1 for the temperature range of 1195 ≤ T ≤ 2384k. these results extend the low-temperature range of Atomic Resonance Absorption Spectrophotometry measurements of K1 by about 200oc which is very significant in I/T; and the value of the rate constant was extended by more than an order of magnitude. Uncertainties in the Arhenius expression are given at the one standard deviation level and the mean deviation of the experimental data from that predicted by the expression is ± 26%
The Extent to which Information Management is Applied in the Saudi Red Crescent Program
Get PDFMan lives in this life for a limited period, and the possibilities available to him are also limited, yet he carries many aspirations and great concerns and desires and demands countless, and not only to achieve but to organize his life, so the system plays a prominent role in the life of the individual and society. There is no doubt that the organizations that serve the society at the moment is the engine and organizer of all the affairs of life around us, we work in them and deal with them and learn from them and in them also, and with the development of time and space increased the size of these organizations and their numbers and the complexity of information, and the complexity of their operations, Which is no longer the guesswork or intuition or tradition is the best way to manage these organizations to achieve their desired objectives, especially in emergency situations that require organized rapid intervention (Hamidi, 2004). Along with the development of science in our modern world, the emergence of modern technology has been reflected in the various fields of life and the organizations that run it. Consequently, modern methods of planning and organization have been developed, and attempts to improve and develop continuously (Al-Sabbagh, 2000). Therefore, appropriate systems have been created in these organizations to absorb, organize and store information through sophisticated programs and applications that can cope with the problem and help manage it properly. The most important of these organizations is the Saudi Red Crescent Organization, which was established in 1383 AH as a body with its legal status and its activities all over the Kingdom. As a result of its wide range of services, the TRA has worked to organize the reception of information and communications in its operations room, through which all communications are transmitted and emergency teams are directed to the highest levels. The operations room had to be equipped with techniques that would contribute to the management of information to improve the quality of work and ensure immediate response to all emergency communications. As part of these efforts, the Red Crescent has recently launched the Red Crescent The "Safani" application to receive emergency service call notifications via smart phones. The application allows users to create a mobile message, call an emergency squad, request assistance by sending a distress call, knowing the status of the message and tracking its route, and allowing emergency teams from the operations room to infer the location of the amount. To further implement the information management, the Saudi Red Crescent has completed the procedures for linking the organization's electronic volunteer platform with its own operations room. The Volunteer With Us program allows you to connect with emergency services. The volunteer can receive the message through the operating room to help save critical cases nearby, as well as communicate with volunteers and volunteers via e-mail and mobile messages. It also facilitated the task of monitoring and synchronizing the participation of volunteers in the activities of the mobile application through (QR Code)  
The Effect of Employees Empowerment On strategic Performance in Manufacturing Companies
Get PDFThe objective of this research is to explore the influence of empowering employees on the strategic performance of manufacturing firms in Jordan. First, the concept of empowerment is clearly defined, and then a valid and reliable measurement instrument is prepared to measure empowerment accordingly. Empowerment is viewed as giving employees temporary authority or a role to express their views on the nature of work, and this makes them able to influence the final results, which will be reached after the application of an opinion. The study highlights the positive effect of empowerment on strategic performance in the context of Jordanian manufacturing firms. It also provides guidelines for mangers to apply empowerment effectively so that to boost strategic performance of innovation and productivity. The main implication is that by increasing the levels of empowering employees, they will become more loyal and committed to their firms, and will effectively be involved in enhancing productivity and increasing innovation levels increasing, thus, improving strategic performance
HEAVY METALS FOUND IN THE SOILS AT AUTOMOBILE MECHANIC WORKSHOPS IN OBOSI, IDEMILI NORTH L.G.A OF ANAMBRA STATE.
Get PDFThe concentration of Cu, Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb in automobile mechanic workshops in Obosi, Idemili North Local Government Area of Anambra State Nigeria, have been determined to ascertain the exert level of these heavy metals in the soils within the study area. Six soil samples were collected from six different mechanic workshops. The samples were prepared,digested and analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) machine. The soil samples contain mean values of 2.403ppm of Pb, 0.6385ppm of Cd, 5.8223ppm of Cu and 0.000ppm of Hg. The heavy metals were found to be higher in concentration levels for Cu, Cr, Cd and Pb compared to the Minimum Concentration Level (MCL). The result obtained indicates that the soils in the automobile mechanic workshops have been impacted highly with Cu, Cd, Cr and Pb