The International Journal of Innovative Approaches in Agricultural Research (IJIAAR) / Uluslararası Tarım Araştırmalarında Yenilikçi Yaklaşımlar Dergisi
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Line x Tester Analysis for Seed Yield and Its Related Traits in Brassica napus L.
No full textThe research was conducted in the experimental area of Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. Experiment was conducted to evaluate the combining ability effects. Six lines viz. ZM-R-10, Chakwal Sarsoon, ZM-R-12, ZM-R-13, B-56 and ZM-R-11 and four testers viz. ZM-R-8, ZM-M-9, ZM-R-1, and ZMM-5 were crossed through line times%253B tester breeding scheme. Twenty four crosses and their parents were evaluated using triplicate randomized complete block design. Data were recorded on yield and its related traits (plant height, primary branches per plant, secondary branches per plant, number of siliquae per plant, number of seeds per siliqua, 1000-seed weight, siliqua length, seed yield per plant). The recorded data were subjected to analysis of variance, and combining ability. Significant differences among entries for yield and it related traits indicated existence of genetic variability in breeding material. Lines Chakwal Sarsoon, ZM-R 12, ZM-R-13, B-56 and testers ZM-R-1, ZM-M-5, ZMM-9 were potential parents and good general combiners. Crosses Chakwal Sarsoon times%253B ZM-R-1 Chakwal Sarsoon times%253B ZM-M-5, ZM-R 12 times%253B ZM-R-1 ZM-R 12 times%253B ZM-R-8, ZM-R-11 times%253B ZM-R-8, Chakwal Sarsoon times%253B ZM-M-5, ZM-R-13 times%253B ZM-R-8 and ZM-R-10 times%253B ZM-R-8 were potential crosses and good specific combiners. The variances due to SCA were more than GCA which showed the role of non-additive gene action
Effect of Quinoa Plant on Metastasis and Ion Channels of Rat Brain Cancer Glioma Cell Lines
Get PDFIn this study, the effects of the quinoa plant on the rat brain cancer glioma cell line were examined. Rat C6 glioma cell lines were cultivated in Dulbecco%252339%253Bs Minimum Essential Medium (DMEM) appendage with HAMS F 12 (1%253A 1) and 2%25 FBS. After proliferation, Quinoa plant was added into the cells and incubated at 37deg%253BC for 24 and 48 h in 5%25 CO2. The viability of the cells was identified by using the MTT method (3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide). IC50 concentration was determined using the statistic software SPSS (Probit analysis). The effect of the quinoa plant on the invasiveness of the C6 cells was analyzed by the wound test and the changes in the ion concentrations in the cells were determined with ICP-MS. As a result of the MTT test, the IC50 value of the quinoa plant was determined as 50 ppb. Wound test showed that use of quinoa plant (50 ppb) inhibited metastasis in the glioma cells while the cell proliferation in the control group was continued. Furthermore, calcium, sodium and potassium ions, which are regulators of cell cycle, were found in higher concentrations in that the untreated control cells than quinoa treated cells. As a result of this study%253B ICP-MS analysis showed that higher levels of calcium, sodium, and potassium ions were found in the untreated cells, whereas the application of the quinoa plant decreased these values. This change in ion channels was thought to be associated with the invasion of glioma cells, and it was determined that quinoa had significant anticancer effects
Anatomical Study of Atriplex halimus L. (Guettaf) Growing under the Climatic Conditions of Biskra - Algeria
Get PDFAtriplex halimus L. Known as Guettaf (Amaranthaceae) is used in traditional medicine in Algeria to treat several diseases among them rheumatism and fever. The aim of this work was to study the anatomy of the Atriplex halimus L., growing under the climatic conditions of Biskra (north-east of Algeria). Atriplex halimus L., stem, leaf and root were harvested during the month of January (2019). Microscopic observation of the different organs revealed that the anatomy of this plant contains many more characters of xerophytism as the presence of thick cuticle, trichomes, perivascular sheath and much more hydrophilic cellulosic tissues (parenchyma and collenchymas) than hydrophobic lignified tissues, We can deduce that Atriplex halimus L., requires a high humidity which explains the great growth of this species under the climatic conditions of the region of Biskra
Profile of bNRAMP1 Gene Sequence as the Candidate Gene for Pathogenic Bacterial Resistance Trait in Cattle
Get PDFBovine Natural Resistance Associated Macrophage Protein 1 (bNRAMP1) gene is one of the candidate gene that widely used to control the infectious disease in dairy and beef cattle. In mouse, the bNRAMP1 gene is important to confer resistance or suspectibility to Mycobacterium bovis, Salmonella typhimurium and Leishmania donovani. This article was carried out to explain the profile of bNRAMP gene such as genes structure, number of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) and its relationship to pathogenic bacterial diseases evidence such as bovine Tuberculosis, mastitis and Brucellosis. The mutations (SNPs) in bNRAMP1 gene were occured in intron, exon and 3quot%253BUTR regions. Previous studies reported that some SNPs in bNRAMP1 gene affected to many pathogenic bacterial disease incidences in cattle. Hence, the bNRAMP1 gene can be used as the genetic marker for pathogenic bacterial resistance trai
Domestic Support Measures for Olive Farmers%253A Case of the Municipalities of Birine and Benhar Wilaya of Djelfa
Get PDFThe Olive Producer Support Estimate Approach in two communes of Djelfa has been applied to explain the economic parameters favoring the state of Internal Support Measures (ISM). Following a 4-month survey involving 150 individuals, the SPSS model processed the data by calculating the Market Price Support (MPS), the Nominal Support Coefficient (NSC) and the NPC (Nominal Protection Coefficient). The distribution of MSI in favor of these producers was mainly favored by one of the factors of production, the agricultural area, which spread rapidly to the detriment of productivity. The total SPM (96324438457 DA) (100 DA, Algerian Dinar %253D 1.16 Euro) and the NSC were strongly correlated with it, which showed that there is a strong effect of the area on the distribution of the ISM. For yield, there was a significant negative relationship with the NPC (-223.2 to -1.80). The only payments for acreage could not encourage intensification or increase in productivity will be the best precept to be observed by policy makers
Extraction and Antistaphylococcal Study of the Essential Oil of Origanum vulgare L. (Guelma-Algeria)
Get PDFAntimicrobial properties of plant essential oils (EO) have been investigated through several observations and clinical studies which purpose them as potential tools to overcome the microbial drug resistance (MDR) problem. The aim of this research was to study the antibacterial effect of a traditional plant EO, Oraginum vulgare L., against clinical isolates of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) through disk diffusion and agar dilution methods.
The EO showed very effective bactericidal activity towards the majority of the tested bacterial strains with inhibition zone diameters in the range of 9.9-31.9 mm and a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 0.314 to 0.628 mg%252Fml.
These results suggest that the essential oil of Origanum vulgare L. may be a useful alternative to antibiotics for the control of the infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus
Hybridization Between Cultivated Sunflower and Wild Species Helianthus bolanderi A. Gray
Get PDFInterspecific hybridization was carried out between sterile analogues of cultivated sunflower lines with normal cytoplasm and wild annual Helianthus bolanderi accession E-009 from collection of DAI-General Toshevo. Hybrid plants were produced using classical breeding methods and the biotechnological method embryo rescue. The degree of crossability and the inheritance of some morphological traits were determined. The obtained F1 progenies were characterized from morphological and phytopathological point of view. Hybrid forms distinguished with resistance to stem canker, phoma and downy mildew were obtained. The hybrid plants, carriers of Rf genes for CMS Pet 1, could be used in sunflower breeding programs for developing restorer lines
Evaluation of New Cotton Linesin View of Selection
Get PDFThe selection value of 8 new cotton lines and the standard variety was studied on the base of significant differences between the most important agronomic characters and their phenotypic stability, over a four-year period 2014-2017. The years of the investigation appeared to be as different ecological environments. Four stability parameters - bi (Finlay and Wilkinson, 1963), sigma%253B2i and S2i (Shukla, 1972) and YSi (Kang, 1993) were used. It was found that the studied cotton lines interacted significantly with the environmental conditions (years) in terms of total yield, boll weigt, fiber length and lint persentage. All lines had bigger breeding value than the standard cultivar Chirpan-539 exceeding it by one or more traits. In a complex assessment as best line for the studied period outlined No. 550 distinguished by 9.7%25 higher yield than the standard, 0.4 mm longer fiber and 1.2%25 higher lint percentage. This line showed stability for the ball weight and fiber length, and responsiveness above the average to the environmental conditions for the seed cotton yield and lint percentage, but both traits were with low stability. Lines Nos. 553 and 426 showed a high average level and high stability for yield, Nos. 489 and 535 ndash%253B for ball weight, No. 553 ndash%253B for fiber lint percentage and No. 489 ndash%253B for fiber length, which makes them very valuable for the selection of these traits. A complex breeding value (average level and stability) for all studied traits was found for line No. 553
Production of Trichoderma harzianum (127a and 127b) spores by Fermentation (LF and SSF)
Get PDFIn order to produce a bio fungicide, two strains of Trichoderma harzianum (127a and 127b) were used.The results revealed that the mycelium multiplication of Trichoderma harzianum (127a and 127b) strains in liquid fermentation yielded a good mycelial mass (106 cells %252F ml), or the optimal conditions are a pH 5, a temperature of 30deg%253B C, and a medium of culture made of Malt extract and yeast extract. However, the more or less unfavorable conditions for the development of mycelium (FMS) favored the appearance of the spore form of our two antagonistic strains, which resulted in a smooth greenish powder at the end of the fermentation, on a solid medium
Study on the Effect of Cold Plasma on the Germination and Growth of Durum Wheat Seeds Contaminated with Fusarium Graminearum
Get PDFCold plasmais a potentially new method of controlling diseases caused by fungal pathogens. In this investigation the effect of treatment with cold plasma of durum wheat seeds contaminated with Fusarium graminearum on the germination and growth of plants was studied. Plants of 6 durum wheat varieties were pre-contaminated with spore suspension of Fusarium graminearum. The harvested seeds were treated with cold plasma in 4 variants%253A 1ndash%253B direct treatment with Argon plasma torch sustained by travelling electromagnetic wave%253B 2 ndash%253B treatment with the same plasma torch of seeds in 20 ml distilled water%253B 3 ndash%253B underwater diaphragm discharge treatment in the container with applied voltage of 15 kV electrode, denoted by %2B%253B 4 ndash%253B underwater diaphragm discharge treatment in the container with grounded electrode, denoted by ndash%253B. Two control variants were used ndash%253B dry not treated contaminated seeds and wet not treated contaminated seeds. After the treatment the seeds were placed in petri dishes for germination. Sprouted seeds were planted in pots with soil mixture and cultivated to maturity in green house conditions in Field Crops Institute ndash%253BChirpan, Bulgaria in 2017%252F2018 year. The effect of the treatment on the following traits were studied%253A germination rate, days to heading, plant high, parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence during the grain filling, spike length, kernel number per spike, kernel weight per spike, TKW and obtained ill (Fusarium graminearum) and healthy seeds. The results received were processed statistically via two-way ANOVA and Duncans multiple range test. The analysis of variance reveals that the genotype, treatment with cold plasma and the interactions between them have a statistically significant effect on the variation of the germination rate. The best germination rate (means from all genotypes) was obtained by treatment with cold plasma variant 1 - direct treatment with Argon plasma torch sustained by travelling electromagnetic wave and variant 3 - underwater diaphragm discharge treatment in the container with applied voltage of 15 kV electrode, denoted by %2B. After the germination the number of seeds contaminated with Fusarium graminearum was the lowest after variant 4 in the treatment of three of the studied varieties. Stimulating effect of the cold plasma treatment on the plant growth was found in 4 genotypes. Varieties Elbrus, Progres, Deni and Zvezdica were with higher PH during the grain filling. The results from the influence of cold plasma on the other studied traits will be processed after the plant maturation and will be included in the final version of the paper.
Acknowledgments%253A This work was supported by Bulgarian National Science Fund under Grant No DH08%252F8, 2016