The International Journal of Innovative Approaches in Agricultural Research (IJIAAR) / Uluslararası Tarım Araştırmalarında Yenilikçi Yaklaşımlar Dergisi
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Influence of Pollen Germination Capacity on a Successful Artificial Hybridization in Cyclamen sp
Get PDFThe artificial hybridization is one of the most important methods to create variability in breeding programs. The success of artificial hybridization very often depends on the fertility of pollen grains which require a minimum 30%25 germination level. The aim of the present study was to identify the correlation between the level of pollen grain fertility and success of hybridization in several cyclamen cultivars. There were taken under study seven cultivars of Cyclamen sp. very different from phenotypic point of view (maxi, midi, mini). In the first step it was determinated the germination capacity of pollen grains trough viability and germinability percentage and the correlation between these two determinations. The results show a higher ratio of viability then germinability in all cultivars. The best results of artificial hybridization were registered in hybrid combinations in which there were used cultivars with the highest percentage of pollen fertility. Out of seven cyclamen cultivars tested in 18 hybrid combinations, three cultivars showed the highest level of fertility when used as male genitor (Curly White%253B Curly Magenta Picotee and Allure Salmon Flamed)for a further study on phenol biodegradation especially areas with phenol contamination containing some heavy metals
Optimization of Low-fat Butter Using Response Surface Methodology%253A Effect on Physicochemical Properties and Consumers%252339%253B Acceptance
No full textAccording the WHO, diets high in fat are linked to obesity and overweight, both which increase the likelihood and prospect of diabetes. Therefore the food industry has to review their formulations in relation to fat. The objective of the study was to develop and characterize a fat reduced butter. In order to manufacture product with desirable properties, formulation consisted on response surface methodology, based on 3 different factors such as percentages of emulsifier additive E471 (glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl distearate), xanthan gum (E415, thickening agent, stabiliser and emulsifier) and water, and 2 levels (-1,%2B1). For determination of optimum points, four responses were selected%253A percentages of fat, water, pH and hardness. Optimum formulas were validated by sensory tests. In the second part of this study, the effect of storage at 4deg%253BC during 20 days on physicochemical and sensory properties of the butter was assessed. Preliminary optimized formula of reduced-fat butter was obtained by emulsifier additive E471, xanthan gum E415 and water contents of 3, 0.1 and 40%25, respectively. However, this fat reduction of 63%25 led to a weak sensory acceptance score. Additional formulation with butter aroma and coloring agent (E160a) has significantly improved consumers lsquo%253Bacceptance. Quality characterization showed that fat reduction in butter formula has significantly induced an increase in water activity, pH, acidity, peroxide and iodine indexes, and a decrease in hardness, when compared to control butter. Moreover, storage of low fat butter at 6deg%253BC during 20 days induced a significant decrease in pH, and iodine index, whereas acidity and peroxide indexes increased significantly and in a higher extend, when compared to control butter. Microbial load increased after 16 days of storage. These variations related to higher water content led to a decrease in low-fat butter shelf life at 6deg%253BC. Our results showed that the production of low-fat butter can be industrially applicable and recommended to people who are interested in consumption of reduced- fat foods
Analaysis of Important Indices in New Bulgarian Hybrids Linzi and Deveda
Get PDFHybrids Linzi and Deveda are conventional hybrids and created at Dobroudzha Agricultural Institute, General Toshevo, Bulgaria. They are the latest hybrids for our new sunflower selection. A structural analysis on important biometric indices related to the production potential of sunflower hybrids Linzi and Deveda and their parental lines was done. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA), regression and correlation. The indices 1000 seed weight (g), kernel and husk (%25), oil content in kernels and oil content of seed (%25) were studied. The mathematical models clearly demonstrated that correlation was established between the investigated indices. They have strong influence on the productivity of these two hybrids
Study on the Effect of Presowing Electromagnetic Treatmenton the Number and Lengths of Roots and Lengths of Sprouts of Triticale Seedsthe Cultivar Colorit
Get PDFOn triticale seeds the cultivar Colorit pre-sowing electromagnetic treatments with screw device were performed and established the values of laboratory parameters%253A number of roots and lengths of roots and sprouts.
There were established the equations of regression. The surfaces and lines of response of these parameters were built. On their basis there were established the values of controllable factors that could affect beneficially on the development of laboratory parameters number and length of roots and length of sprouts, namely%253A voltage between the electrodes of screw processing device (factor ) U%253D(4.3...5.4) kV, exposure duration (factor ) t %253D(28...54)s, and length of staying of seeds from treatment to their sowing (factor ) Tasymp%253B(14...22) days
Eragrostis pilosa (L) . Beauv. a New Invasive and Economically Important Weed in the Rice Fields in the Kocani Region
Get PDFInvestigations were carried out in rice fields in the Kocani region. The aim for this investigations was to determine the weed species which has never been registered in Kocani rice fields before. Also, to examine in which localities it appears, the reasons for its occurrence in the rice fields and the impact of this weed on rice yield. After determining it was discovered that the examined weed is Eragrostis pilosa (L) P. Beauv (indian love grass). This is a non-typical weed for rice fields in Kocani region. Eragrostis pilosa in the rice fields in Kocani region for the first time was noticed in 2010 in vicinity of the village Mojance. In 2012 it also appears in the rice fields in vicinity of villages Kucicino, Ciflik, Burilcevo and Dolni Podlog. In 2013 it spreads in the rice fields in vicinity of villages Cesinovo and Grdovce and in the majority of the rice fields around the city of Kocani. Water deficiency in the rice fields is the reason for Eragrostis pilosa occurrence. Depending on the weed intensity the rice yield was reduced from ca. 25 to 55%25. Its spreading will be a serious economically problem in the rice production in the Kocani region
Quality Characteristics and Chemical Composition of M. Longissimus thoracis in Crossbred Pigs
Get PDFThe study aimed to compare the quality characteristics and chemical composition of m. Longissimus thoracis (m. LT) in two-way pig crosses ndash%253B Duroc x Landrace (D x L) and Pietrain x Landrace (P х L). The differences in the quality parameters of the examined groups were insignificant. The moisture and protein content tended to be lower in the muscles of D x L compared to P x L. Furthermore, the fat content of the Duroc cross also appeared to be higher, however the differences were insignificant.
The quality traits of m. LT, including pH 45, pH24, water-holding capacity (WHC) and colour were within the optimal range and did not show any deviation from the standards for the normal meat
Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil of Citrus aurantium L. Growing in Eastern Algeria
Get PDFCitrus aurantium (Bitter Orange) is a Rutaceae known for its extremely bitter and sour taste. Its leaves are rich in essential oil (EO).
The purpose of this study was to extract, analyse and evaluate the antibacterial activity of this EO in vitro, against 10 bacterial strains responsible for nosocomial infections (05 Escherichia coli, 03 Staphylococcus aureus and 02 Klebsiella ssp).
The extraction of the essential oil was carried out on fresh leaves harvested in Annaba (Eastern Algeria) using a Clevenger type device. The analysis was performed by GC%252FMS and it was tested on 10 bacterial strains by the dilution method in agar medium.
The results showed that the EO is composed mainly of linalool (44.52%25). Among the ten strains tested, eight were sensitive to this EO with inhibition diameters ranging from 12.1 mm to 21.45 mm and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) between 0.1%25 and 1%25, however, both Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli ATCC strains were resistant.
The antibacterial activity of Bitter Orange EO seems to be largely due to the major component linalool
Ecological Stability of Quantitative Signs in White Lupin Varieties
Get PDFEcological stability of quantitative signs in white lupine varieties was studied in field trial in the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria. Seven varieties of white lupine were used. Analysis of variance showed a well-proven influence of genotype and environment factors and the interaction between them in terms of plant height, number of pods, number of seeds and seeds weight. For plant height, number of seeds and seeds weight, the influence of the environment was stronger than that of the other two factors. The seeds weight strongly correlated with the Anicchiarico Wi indices (r %253D 0.87), bi (r %253D 0.634), ai (r %253D 0.633) and T (r %253D 0.559) and negative correlated with the Lin and Binns (r %253D -0.977) parameter. Ecological stability parameters for plant height showed the most stable and high-growing PI533704 variety%253B for the number of pods, number of seeds and seeds weight Zuter variety, respectively. Zuter variety was found close to the ideal type combining high productivity with ecological stability. Lucky801, for most signs, was environmentally unstable but highly productive and is therefore suitable as a parent component in breeding programs for obtaining high yield varieties
Valorization of Household Waste via Biogas Production in Algeria since 1938%253A Inventory and Perspectives
Get PDFEnergy is an important factor in Algerians economy, the recent Algerian%252339%253Bs economy crisis is due to the fall of the oil incomes of 70%25 in less than two years, which made the country lose half of its external receipts and causing an important deficit of its trade balance. The fossil fuel reserves will not last eternally (some 40 to 50 years) and the human activity causes a significant change of the climate, which has actually important repercussions. The need to find an alternative and renewable source of energy is becoming increasingly important for the sustainable development. However, Algeria is a country rich in solar and biomass layer%253B according to the National Waste Agency, more than 28,219 tones of municipal solid waste are generated per day. Energetic valorization of municipal solid waste (MSW) seems to be an alternative solution for sustainable development of Algeria, which the biogas constitutes a considerable source of renewable energy. This paper presents an overview for the status of this technology in Algeria including the increasing of the interest in methanization since 1938. Also in this study, is referred the first experience of Tamanrasset (southern of Algeria) in the field of biogas production
Effect of Water Harvesting Techniqueson Soil Properties in the South Omdurman Area- Sudan
Get PDFAbstract%253A This study was conducted at Khartoum New International Airport, South Omdurman area, Khartoum State, Sudan. A complete randomized block design was followed to study the effect of Holes and Crescents water harvesting techniques on the soil moisture content soil sample were taken prior and immediately after rains and at three weeks intervals.
The results indicated that the Holes and Crescents water harvesting techniques affected positively some soil physical properties especially at the upper soil layer (0 ndash%253B 30 cm) which was subjected to excavation by a loader. These soil properties included porosity, field capacity and infiltration rate as they have direct influence on the soil moisture content.
The Holes water harvesting techniques showed an increase of 15%25 in soil moisture content resulting in better improvement of the soil physical properties as compared to the Crescents water harvesting techniques, hence the farmer techniques recommended for adoptio