The International Journal of Innovative Approaches in Agricultural Research (IJIAAR) / Uluslararası Tarım Araştırmalarında Yenilikçi Yaklaşımlar Dergisi
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Bioactivity of Aronia Products, and The Promising Use of Aronia in Dairy Industry
Get PDFIn recent years, foods are not only valued in terms of taste and nutritional value, but also preferred in terms of post-consumption health effects. In particular, the trend towards functional foods that offer health benefits beyond their nutritional value to consumers has increased. Dairy products have a very important place among functional foods, and fruit-added dairy products like fermented milk, kefir and yogurt etc. lead the way due to the consumption preferences. Aronia (Aronia melanocarpa) is a forest fruit originating from North America, but it is grown in many parts of Europe lately. The fruit is very rich in proanthocyanins, anthocyanins, procyanidin, phenolic acids, flavonols and flavanones. It is known as the fruit with the highest antioxidant activity, and shows antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial, hypotensive, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective and anticarcinogenic properties. The fruit is mostly used as ingredient in wine, marmalade, fruit juice, tea, extract and as dietary supplement or food colorant. The health-promoting effects of aronia due to its bioactivity are enhanced with the functional dairy products, and lately aronia-added yogurt and kefir are industrially manufactured and marketed for dairy consumers. This review focuses on the health effects of aronia and the promising use of the fruit in dairy products
Determination of Salt Tolerance of Some Barley Varieties Based on Physiological and Biochemical Properties
Get PDFSalt stress is one of the important environmental factors limiting the growth and productivity of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) worldwide. Increasing salt stress negatively affects plant growth and development, posing a threat to global food security. In this study, some physiological and biochemical effects of salt stress at different concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200 mM NaCl) on 8 barley varieties (Kıral-97, Harman, Yaprak, Yaba, Larende, Cumhuriyet-50, Kalaycı-97, Çıldır-02) grown in Turkey were determined. For this purpose, the effects of salt stress on root-shoot length, biomass, pigment content, specific leaf area (SLA), relative water content (RWC), lipid peroxidation content (TBARS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (spectrophotometric and histochemical staining) content were determined in 35-day-old seedlings. Our results showed that increased salt stress decreased the root-shoot lengths, biomass, SLA, and pigment contents in Cumhuriyet-50 and Çıldır-02 varieties, while increasing the amount of TBARS and H2O2. It was determined that Yaprak and Yaba varieties were less affected by salt stress and were more resistant to salinity compared to other varieties
The Effect of Acetic Acid Priming on Germination and Sprout Ability of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Seeds
Get PDFThis research was carried out in Ondokuz Mayıs University germination laboratory and research field in 2019 to determine the effects of acetic acid on the germination and sprout ability of seeds of Lara faba bean (Vicia faba L.). Two laboratory trials were established according to the randomized plot design with 3 replications, and one field trial was established according to the randomized block design with 12 replications. The research examined germination rate, germination power, sprouting rate and sprouting power were examined. The effect of soaking in distilled water or 4%25 acetic acid for half an hour on the germination and sprouting abilities of faba bean seeds was not found to be statistically different. However, it has been concluded that it is beneficial to investigate how it will affect oil-borne diseases and subsequent development
Potential Development of Cow Hair Waste as Alternative Feed Protein Source for Poultry in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Get PDFCow hair waste (CHW) is one of the wastes produced by the cowhide cracker processing industry. In South Sulawesi Province, every year, approximately 55.6 tons of CHW produced from this industry. The problem, the digestibility of CHW is very low so that the process requires certain technologies. The low of digestibility caused by the presence of disulfide bonds (S-S) in the protein component (keratin). The application of CHW as a protein source feed affects the productivity and quality of poultry meat. The study was aims to evaluate the productivity and quality of poultry meat (quail) which was added with CHW meal at various levels. A total of four levels of CHW meal (0%25 (control)%253B 2%25, 4%25 and 6%25)(w%252Fw) were applied to the composition of the quail (Coturnix-coturnix) feed rations that were kept in cages for 6 weeks. The results showed no significant effect (pgt%253B0,05) on the body weight (BW), meat shear force (MSF) and cooking loss (CL) with increasing levels of CHW meal administration. In general, it can be concluded that CHW can be applied in the composition of poultry feed at level of 0-6%25 (w%252Fw)
Effect of Breed and Non-genetic Factors on Body Weight and Average Daily Gains of Goats in Tunisia
Get PDFThe present study was carried out to evaluate growth performance of three goat breeds in Tunisia (Alpine, Boer and Damascus) from birth to 90 days and to investigate the effect of non- genetic factors on birth weight (BW), weight at 10 days (W10), weight at 30 days (W30), weight at 70 days (W70), weight at 90 days (W90) and average daily weight gains from birth to 30 days (ADG0-30), from 10 to 30 days (ADG10-30), from 30 to 70 days (ADG30-70), from 30 to 90 days (ADG30-90), from 70 to 90 days (ADG7090). A total of 3198 goats including Alpine (n%253D1030), Boer (n%253D2084) and Damascene (n%253D84), born during the period 2004-2016 were used. Data analysis showed non-significant effect of breed on growth traits. However Damascus goats had the heaviest overall live weight at birth (3.99plusmn%253B0.05kg) followed by Alpine (3.94plusmn%253B0.02kg) and Boer (3.90plusmn%253B0.02kg) until 90 days (13.25plusmn%253B0.66, 12.13plusmn%253B0.35, 12.07plusmn%253B0.35kg respectively ).Average daily weight gains followed the same trend as weights. Overall, sex-type of birth, season and the combined year of birth-farm-herd influenced growth traits. Higher performances were recorded in males born as singles, during the rainy season (November to March), in 2007 and 2008, belonging to herd1of Chenchou experimental station and herd 5 belonging to a private farm respectively. In conclusion, our study confirms that non-genetic factors affect these three goat breeds. Adjustments for those factors are necessary to provide standard comparisons among breeds under challenging Tunisian conditions
Cultivation of Local Popcorn Genotypes as a Second Crop in Kahramanmaras Conditions
Get PDFPopcorn is a snack plant with widespread consumption in our country and around the world. Although the increasing commercialization rate in agriculture with the spread of hybrid varieties has narrowed the production area of local plant species, the production of local pop corn varieties still continue today. Therefore, in this study, 17 local popcorn genotypes and 3 commercial popcorn cultivars were grown as the second crop in Kahramanmaraş climatic conditions. In the study, local popcorn genotypes were determined by plant height, first ear height, first node diameter, ear length, ear diameter, the row number of ear, the number of grain on the ear row, number of ears per plant, and ear tassel-out time, ear silk-out time, grain yield per decare and the relationships between these properties were investigated. According to the results of the research, the plant height of the local popcorn populations was 216 - 166 cm, the height of the first ear 107 -63 cm, the diameter of the first node 22.6 - 16.7 mm, the diameter of the node of ear 16.4 -11.8 mm, ear length 17.267 ndash%253B 12.833 cm, ear diameter 32.513 ndash%253B 26.120 mm, the row number of ear 16.8 -12.26, the number of grain on the ear row 38.86 -26.33, the number of ears per plant 1.8 -12 pieces, ear silk-out time 56 -48 days, the ear tassel-out time 68 -56 days and grain yield per decare 478 -260 kg da-1. In the study, positive correlations were found between first ear height and plant height, ear length and ear diameter, the number of grain on the ear row and ear length, the ear tassel-out time and grain yield per decare, ear silk-out time and first node diameter, ear silk-out time and the ear tassel-out time
Hormonal and Biochemical Parameters Analysis of the Yeld Cows Blood
Get PDFIn the research was selected animals with various pathologies of the reproductive system in order to study the hormonal and biochemical status of the yeld (infertile) cows. Further, groups were formed in accordance with the disease type. The experimental groups included clinically healthy fertilized animals and animals with a physiological ovary cycle. In the study was The authors of this article measured the levels of sex steroids, adrenal and thyroid hormones, and also determined the indices of the main metabolic processes, the levels of macro- and micronutrients, and vitamin A in the blood serum. Excluding the group of cows with luteal cysts, the infertile animals demonstrated a noticeable decrease in progesterone between by 2.4-14.5 times. The yeld (infertile) cows without clinical changes in the genitals, cows with uterine subinvolution and ovarian hypofunction showed a markedly reduced (between by 1.6-4.1 times) testosterone level in the blood. A decrease in the estradiol concentration was noted in all the studied groups, some animals demonstrated the deviations in the cortisol and triiodothyronine levels from the indices in the healthy cow groups. The hormonal status of the infertile animals indicated probable violations in the regulation systems of the endocrine glands, the initial links of which are the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. The biochemical blood characteristics, in turn, indicate that yeld (infertile) cows suffer from changes in metabolic processes, a macro-and micronutrients deficiency, especially the selenium deficiency. To restore the reproductive function, the use of hormone therapy in combination with additional sources of macro- and micronutrients is highly recommended
Turkey Jerky as a Potantial Meat Snack
Get PDFThe research was aimed to obtain a product with high nutritional value and long shelf life called as Turkey Jerky. It was produced with turkey breast meats which marinated with 7 different spices (Salvia rosmarinus (R), Thymus vulgaris (T), Pimenta racemosa (P), Origanum majorona (M), mixed spicy (MX) and control group (C)), vinegar, olive oil, soy sauce and liquid smoke. At the end of the marination, turkey breast meats were dried in the drying oven and kept in room conditions for 30 days after vacuum packaging. Microbiological, chemical, and sensory analyses were performed for treatments on the 0, 15 and 30 days. For turkey meat, the moisture, pH, ash, water activity (aw), fat and protein contents were determined as 72.34plusmn%253B 1.21, 5.83 plusmn%253B 0.02, 1.18 plusmn%253B 0.01, 0.972 plusmn%253B 0.001, 1.05 plusmn%253B 0.12 and 27.30 plusmn%253B 0.24 %25, respectively. There were significant differences in treatments all chemical properties than control samples. Salvia rosmarinus and Pimenta racemosa samples had the highest protein and ash content%253B Origanum majorona samples had the highest fat content. After marination, both moisture content and water activity values for all samples had decreased significantly. Otherwise, pH values had increased slightly. TBA value was found in the least control group for the beginning of the storage and the treatments had increasing effect on TBAs values. Origanum majorona samples and Pimenta racemosa samples had lower TBA values than other treatments. However, control and Origanum majorona samples have highest the differences between 0 and 30 days for TBA values. Besides, mix spicy treatment had the lowest differences for 30 days. According to the microbiaological analyses, Origanum majorona samples were the most safety treatment. For all samples, it has been observed that the microbial load increases slightly during the maintenance period. Sensory evaluation also dedicted that Origanum majorona samples had the best sensorial properties and general accaptibility.
As a result, while the increases in microbial load was not observed much compared to a product that is vacuum packed and stored in room conditions, the chemical contents of the products were generally preserved. Considering these results, the turkey jerky is an alternative healthy snack
Investigation of the Effects of Using Low Sulfur and Rural Diesel as Diesel Fuel in Tractors on Engine%252Femissions
Get PDFEnergy is one of the main factors that ensure the formation of production, development, and economic conditions between countries. Although fossil fuels pose some problems in terms of the environment and human health, they still have great use in meeting the energy demand in the world. Although there are many studies on alternative fuels in today%252339%253Bs conditions, diesel engines are more preferred by the countries in heavy-duty vehicles (construction machines, tractors, and combine harvesters) operating in all kinds of commercial and land conditions that are used in transportation. Diesel engines are more preferred in developing countries due to their high torque and low fuel consumption. For this reason, efficiency, operating parameters, and reducing the environmental emissions of diesel engines used in our country are important. Since agriculture is one of the most important fields of activity in our country, in this study, the engine%252339%253Bs characteristics and the effects on the exhaust emissions of the rural diesel used in the tractor and the low-sulfur diesel fuel were experimentally investigated. The maximum torque (1400rpm) used during the field plow of the tractor, which is available in Çerkezköy Hattat Tractor Factory Ramp%253BD Center, and the maximum power (2100rpm) under other driving conditions were tested with both diesel fuels. When the results of the experiments were compared, it was seen that higher torque and power were obtained with the use of low sulfur diesel fuel, while harmful exhaust emissions were lower than rural diesel fuel. However, when the engine%252339%253Bs fuel consumption is compared, it has been determined that rural diesel is consumed less than low sulfur diese
Effect of Alternative Row Spacing and Plant Densities on Fresh Ear Yield and Quality of Second Crop Super Sweet Corn Production
Get PDFThis study was conducted to increase the yield and quality of super sweet corn cultivation%253B for Vega Super Sweet Corn Variety at two different row spacing (25-45 cm, 70cm) and four different plant densities (15 cm, 20 cm, 25cm, 30 cm) during 2017 and 2018 in Bursa conditions. The research was done according to split plots of randomized blocks design with three replicates. The factors are row spacings and plant densities. Plant height, ear length, ear diameter, ear row number, number of ears per plant, fresh ear yield, and marketable ear percentage were investigated in this study. In the trial ear length, ear diameter, seed number in the ear, numbers of ears per plant, and fresh ear yield are founded to important in terms of statistics for row spacing, the other specialties were founded unimportant. For plant density%253B plant height, ear diameter, number of ears per plant, fresh ear yield, and marketable ear percentage are founded important in terms of statistics, and the other traits are unimportant. Ear diameter, seed number in the ear, number of ears per plant, and fresh ear yield were founded important in terms of statistics for row spacing and also plant density. According to research results of super sweet corn production for the second crop, the most suitable plant density is 20 cm for a 70 cm row spacing modal, and the most suitable plant spacing is 25 cm plant density for a 25- 45 cm row spacing modal in Karacabey conditions