Journal of Chemical Health Risks (Islamic Azad University, Iran)
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UHPLC Method Development of Validation for the Estimation of Ramipril and Metoprolol Succinate in Tablet Dosage Form
Get PDFThis study aimed to develop and validate a novel Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) method for the simultaneous quantification of Ramipril and Metoprolol Succinate in tablet formulations. The method, developed in compliance with International Council for Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, demonstrated high accuracy, repeatability, and low relative standard deviation (RSD) values of 0.49 for Ramipril and 0.59 for Metoprolol Succinate, confirming precision. An Agilent Technologies 1220 Infinity Series UHPLC system with a SUPELCO C18 column was used, with optimal mobile phase conditions and a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min. The method showed excellent resolution, symmetric peaks, and retention times of 0.677 minutes for Ramipril and 1.926 minutes for Metoprolol Succinate. Linearity was confirmed for concentrations ranging from 18.56 to 58.79 µg/mL for Ramipril and 25.10 to 75.15 µg/mL for Metoprolol Succinate. High recovery rates (98.95–100.19% for Ramipril and 100.05–100.18% for Metoprolol Succinate) confirmed accuracy, and the method\u27s precision was validated by low %RSD values (0.84% for Ramipril and 0.23% for Metoprolol Succinate). This new UHPLC method is efficient, robust, and precise, offering valuable improvements for drug content assessment in pharmaceutical quality control
Serendipitous Diagnosis of Impacted Mesic Dense in Two Generations: A Case Series
Get PDFThe surgical extraction of an unilaterally impacted mesiodens abutting the nasal floor and in an inverted position presents unique challenges due to its anatomical complexity. This case report discusses the diagnostic approach, surgical planning, and techniques used to successfully extract the mesiodens, emphasizing the importance of preoperative imaging and multidisciplinary collaboration. Critical structures, including the nasal cavity and maxillary sinus, were carefully preserved. Post-operative monitoring ensured successful recovery without complications. This report highlights the need for precision in managing complex mesiodens impactions to minimize patient risk and improve outcomes
Effect of Yoga (Konasanas) and Naturopathy (Neutral Hip Bath) as supportive interventions in PCOS management – A Case study
Get PDFBackground: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine disorder affecting reproductive, metabolic, and psychological health in women of reproductive age. Standard medical management provides symptomatic relief but often carries side effects, necessitating complementary and holistic approaches. Objective: To assess the potential of Yoga (Konasanas) and Naturopathy (Neutral Hip Bath) as supportive interventions in PCOS management. Methods:Konasanas daily practice everyday morning and neutral hip bath everyday evening Results: Konasanas enhance pelvic circulation, regulate hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis activity, and reduce stress-induced cortisol release. The Neutral Hip Bath, a naturopathic hydrotherapy modality, improves pelvic blood flow, alleviates congestion, and supports hormonal homeostasis. Preliminary evidence indicates that Konasanas improve menstrual regularity, insulin sensitivity, and stress resilience, while Neutral Hip Bath reduces pelvic discomfort and promotes ovarian function. Integrative use of these therapies provides a non-invasive, cost-effective, and holistic approach to managing PCOS symptoms.Conclusion: Yoga and Naturopathy, particularly Konasanas and Neutral Hip Bath, demonstrate promising roles in the lifestyle-based management of PCOS
“Invisible Strain: How Age, Parity, and Poverty Shape Pelvic Floor Muscle Strength in Indian Women”
Get PDFBackground
Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) significantly impacts women’s quality of life, yet remains underreported and undertreated in India due to cultural stigma, lack of awareness, and healthcare inequities. Socio-demographic and obstetric factors such as age, parity, and socio-economic status are key determinants of pelvic floor muscle (PFM) integrity.
Objective
To evaluate PFM strength among Indian women and analyze its associations with age, parity, mode of delivery, menopausal status, and socio-economic background.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 430 women aged 18–55 years attending the gynecology outpatient department of a tertiary hospital in Uttar Pradesh. PFM strength was assessed via digital palpation using the Modified Oxford Scale. Socio-demographic and clinical data were recorded through structured proformas. Statistical associations were tested using Chi-square, t-tests, and ANOVA, with significance set at p < 0.05.
Results
Over half of the participants (57.7%) demonstrated weak-to-absent contractions (Grades 0–2), while only 17.6% exhibited good-to-strong contractions (Grades 4–5). Weak PFM strength was significantly associated with age ≥40 years (p = 0.01), multiparity (p < 0.001), vaginal delivery (p = 0.002), middle/lower socio-economic status (p = 0.04), and postmenopausal status (p < 0.001). Endurance was poor, with a mean contraction time of 3.9 seconds; only 12.5% sustained contractions ≥7 seconds.
Conclusion
Weak PFM strength is highly prevalent among Indian women and strongly associated with advancing age, parity, vaginal delivery, lower socio-economic status, and menopause. These findings underscore the urgent need for routine screening, community awareness, and integration of pelvic floor muscle training into reproductive and primary healthcare to reduce the burden of PFD
Correlation of Placental Histopathological Patterns in Infections with Neonatal Morbidity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Get PDFBackground: Placental histopathology provides insights into intrauterine infection and inflammation. The relationship between specific placental lesions and neonatal morbidity, however, remains variably reported.
Objective: To systematically review and quantitatively synthesize the association between histopathological patterns of infectious placental inflammation and neonatal morbidity outcomes.
Data sources: MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Google Scholar (first 200 results), from inception to March 2025.
Eligibility criteria: Observational studies and trials reporting infectious placental histopathology and at least one neonatal outcome.
Review methods: Independent screening, extraction, and risk of bias assessment by two reviewers. Random-effects meta-analyses with Hartung–Knapp adjustment. Certainty of evidence assessed with GRADE.
Results: Twenty-eight studies comprising 18,452 neonates were included. Funisitis/fetal inflammatory response (FIR) was significantly associated with early-onset sepsis (EOS) (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.72–2.69; I² = 38%). Histologic chorioamnionitis (maternal inflammatory response, MIR) showed a weaker, non-significant association with composite morbidity (OR 1.12, 95% CI 0.94–1.34; I² = 41%). FIR was linked to higher odds of respiratory support ≥24 h (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.42–2.44; I² = 29%) and intraventricular hemorrhage grade ≥III (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.11–2.27). Mortality was also increased with necrotizing funisitis (OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.54–3.78). Funnel plots showed minimal asymmetry, suggesting limited publication bias.
Conclusions: Infectious placental inflammation, particularly FIR/funisitis, correlates strongly with neonatal morbidity. Standardized pathology reporting and well-designed prospective studies are needed
A Study on COPD and Asthma Cases with AQI Level in NCAP (National Clean Air Programme) Unattainable Cities of Odisha & Its Relationship with Selected Respiratory Diseases: A Hospital-Based Ecological Study
Get PDFIntroduction: Odisha is rich in raw materials, which has encouraged the establishment of several industries in six different NCAP districts of Odisha. However, the rapid industrial development has led to a significant rise in air pollution levels, posing a considerable risk to public health.
Objectives: This study aims to study the association of Air quality (AQI) and respiratory diseases (COPD & Asthma) among the NCAP districts of Odisha
Methods: This is a hospital-based, exploratory study conducted in Cuttack, Odisha. A total of 170 participants were enrolled in the outpatient department for COPD and Asthma cases between February 2024 to July 2024. Descriptive statistics such as Mean, SD, frequency & percentages were calculated along with one-way ANOVA, Student t-test and chi-square test was analysed at 5% level of significance.
Results: The statistical analysis conducted revealed a significant difference in the Air Quality Index (AQI) across various districts (F(43.119), p < 0.001). An independent Student\u27s t-test was conducted to compare mean AQI levels between asthma patients and those with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). The results indicated that asthma patients exhibited a slightly lower mean AQI (M = 80.32, SD = 17.47) in comparison to COPD patients (M = 83.15, SD = 18.31); however, this difference did not reach statistical significance (t(168) = 1.03, p = 0.30). Furthermore, exposure to particulate matter (PM10) was found to be significantly associated with an increase in asthma cases, whereas exposure to both PM2.5 and PM10 was correlated with a higher incidence of COPD cases (p = 0.002).
Conclusions: This study underscores the urgent need for improved air quality management in Odisha’s NCAP cities to mitigate the growing burden of COPD and asthma. Strengthening pollution control measures and integrating health-based air quality action plans could significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with respiratory diseases in these urban centres
Synergistic Antidiabetic Potential of a Polyherbal Combination Compared to Eugenia jambolana in Experimental Diabetes
Get PDFBackground: Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial disorder requiring multi-targeted interventions. Eugenia jambolana (Jamun) is a well-established antidiabetic plant, yet its comparative efficacy against rationally designed polyherbal formulations remains underexplored.
Objective: This study aimed to compare the antidiabetic efficacy of a polyherbal formulation (Costus igneus, Linum usitatissimum, Eugenia jambolana, Ocimum sanctum, and Curcuma longa) with Eugenia jambolana alone in experimental diabetes.
Methods: Diabetes was induced in Wistar rats by streptozotocin (60 mg/kg, i.p.) and dexamethasone (10 mg/kg, s.c.). Rats received either EJ (200 mg/kg, p.o.), the polyherbal combination (200 mg/kg, p.o.), Glibenclamide (10 mg / kg) or metformin (100 mg/kg, p.o.) for 28 days. Glycemic control, lipid profile and histopathology were studied.
Results: EJ significantly reduced fasting blood glucose and improved lipid profile compared to diabetic controls (p<0.001). However, the polyherbal combination exhibited significant effects, with near normalization of glucose and lipid levels, and extensive β-cell, hepatocyte, and renal tubular regeneration. The efficacy was comparable to metformin.
Conclusion: The polyherbal formulation outperformed Eugenia jambolana alone, validating the synergistic principle of polyherbal therapy in Ayurveda. This combination holds promise as a multi-targeted, plant-based intervention for diabetes management
Comparative Evaluation of Cervical Penetration of Hydrogen Peroxide Using 35% Hydrogen Peroxide and Sodium Perborate Bleaching Agents with Different Intraorifice Barriers-An in Vitro Study
Get PDFIntroduction: Tooth discoloration following trauma or endodontic treatment is commonly managed using intracoronal bleaching. However, bleaching agents can diffuse through dentinal tubules and cause external cervical resorption. Placement of an intraorifice barrier is therefore recommended to limit peroxide penetration and protect surrounding tissues.
Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of three different intraorifice barrier materials named GIC, ProRoot MT, and Biodentine against cervical penetration of commonly used bleaching.
Methods: A total of 120 extracted single-rooted permanent teeth were endodontically treated and randomly allocated to three barrier groups (GIC, MTA, Biodentine) and one control group (no barrier). Each group was further subdivided based on bleaching agent HP, SP, and HP+SP. Peroxide penetration was quantified after 7 days using a titration-based hydrogen peroxide testing kit.
Results: Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. All barriers significantly reduced peroxide penetration compared to controls (p < 0.05). Biodentine consistently showed lowest penetration across all bleaching agents and least with SP (HP: 0.241 ± 0.0107 ppm; SP: 0.199 ± 0.0491 ppm; HP+SP: 0.210 ± 0.0272 ppm). MTA demonstrated similar efficacy to Biodentine (p > 0.05), while GIC exhibited the highest permeability.
Conclusions: Intraorifice barriers play a critical role in reducing peroxide penetration. Among which Biodentine provided most effective sealing, followed by MTA, while GIC showed inferior performance. Biodentine combined with sodium perborate was the safest option, minimizing peroxide leakage
Ayurvedic Dietetics for Metabolic Health: A Comprehensive Review of Prakriti-Based Interventions.
Get PDFIntroduction: Metabolic disorders are rising health concerns, and Ayurveda\u27s personalized approach, Prakriti-based dietetics, offers a promising solution.
Objective: To assess the efficacy of Prakriti-based dietary interventions for managing metabolic disorders.
Specifically, it seeks to answer the following potential research question for the systematic review.
Methods: A systematic literature review of 10 studies examining Prakriti-based dietary interventions for metabolic disorders was conducted
Results: The review revealed significant improvements in metabolic parameters, including :- Body mass index (BMI) reduction (-8.5% to -12.1%), Lipid profile improvements (total cholesterol: -15.6%, triglycerides: -20.3%),Fasting blood glucose (FBG) reduction (-10.2% to -15.6%), Blood pressure decrease (-8.2% to -12.5%).Discussion:Prakriti-based dietetics demonstrates potential in managing metabolic disorders. Personalized dietary interventions tailored to individual Prakriti types yield significant improvements in metabolic parameters.
Conclusions: This review highlights the efficacy of Prakriti-based dietetics in addressing metabolic disorders. Further research is warranted to explore the applications and limitations of this approach
Population Genetics of Vector Mosquitoes Determines Endemic Zones of Dengue Fever - A Case Study on Aedes Aegypti & Aedes Albopictus in Ecologically Distinct Eco Zones of Thiruvananthapuram District, Kerala.
Get PDFIntroduction: Three ecologically distinct eco zones in the Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala were discovered to have considerably varied corresponding distributions of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus.
Objectives: The intended objective of the current study was to determine the shifting patterns of spread of dengue in connection with a microhabitat analysis of many Thiruvananthapuram city locations based on the vector density of mosquito species that are connected.
Methods: Mosquito populations were assessed using several indices: the House Index (HI) was over 10%, indicating a high dengue transmission risk in all zones.
Results: The Container Index (CI) was also high across the zones, suggesting increased risk of mosquito-borne diseases. According to the Breteau Index (BI), urban and suburban areas were classified as low-risk, while the coastal zone was high-risk. Aedes aegypti was most abundant in the coastal zone, while Aedes albopictus dominated the hilly, arid suburban zone. In the city, both species were found in roughly equal numbers. According to a study on Molecular Analysis, Type 1 was the most prevalent of the four dengue serotypes. The high frequency of dengue fever in the urban zone may be due to the abundance of microhabitats in Thiruvananthapuram that sustain Aedes aegypti.
Conclusions: The study found distinct distributions of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Thiruvananthapuram, with Ae. aegypti dominating the coastal zone and linked to higher dengue cases, confirming it as the main dengue vector. Mosquito population indices showed high transmission risk across all zones, influenced by seasonal breeding behavior and socioeconomic factors like more breeding sites in households, highlighting the need for targeted vector control strategies