Journal of Chemical Health Risks (Islamic Azad University, Iran)
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Comparison of Clinical Outcomes of Primary Percutaneous Interventions in Acute Myocardial Infarction among Diabetic Versus Non-Diabetic Patients with Particular Reference to MACCE Outcomes: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study
Get PDFBackground: Over 30 years, the improving outcomes in patients with diabetes who underwent PCIs have been similar to improvements in patients without diabetes mellitus (DM). Importantly, the risk-adjusted association of DM with long-term death, myocardial infarction, and stroke has decreased in the current era. The present study was undertaken with an aim to compare the clinical outcomes post primary percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in diabetics and non-diabetics.
Material and Methods: The present study was conducted among 105 patients with Acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and who underwent PCI, during the period April 2016 to May 2017, as a cross-sectional comparative study. These patients were followed up for primary clinical Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebral event (MACCE) and repeat hospitalization for clinically significant angina or heart failure up to 6 months from the date of inclusion in the study at regular intervals: at discharge, at one-month, and at 6-month follow-ups. Difference in proportions and means were tested for statistical significance by chi square test and independent sample t test respectively.
Results: Most non-diabetic patients were concentrated in the 51–60 years age group, with 32% (n=16) of diabetic patients and 43.64% (n=24) of non-diabetic patients falling within this range. At the end of six months, the risk of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) was significantly higher—3.04 times greater—in diabetic patients with hypertension as a comorbidity compared to non-diabetic patients (p = 0.014). Furthermore, among those presenting to the hospital within 180 minutes of symptom onset, diabetic patients exhibited a 4.54-fold significantly higher risk of MACCE than non-diabetic individuals (p = 0.041).
Conclusion: Primary PCI treatment option in diabetics is non-inferior to primary PCI in non-diabetics when comparing MACCE outcomes, secondary heart failure, deaths or angina admissions in 6-month follow-up period. PCI complication rates are comparable between the diabetic and the non-diabetic groups
Diagnostic Accuracy of the Electrocardiography Criteria for Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Comparison with Echocardiography in Hypertensives
Get PDFBackground: Electrocardiography (ECG) and echocardiography (ECHO) are routinely employed to detect LVH. ECG, although widely accessible and non-invasive, demonstrates variable sensitivity and specificity. Echocardiography remains the diagnostic gold standard due to its superior capability in visualizing cardiac structure and quantifying left ventricular mass with higher accuracy.
Objective: To assess the diagnostic performance of various ECG criteria in detecting LVH among hypertensive individuals and to compare these findings with echocardiographic results, thereby determining the reliability of ECG in relation to ECHO.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Aarupadai Veedu Medical College and Hospital between June 2022 and June 2024, involving 170 patients diagnosed with hypertension. Inclusion was limited to hypertensive patients with echocardiographically confirmed LVH, while individuals with valvular heart disease, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, anemia, or thyrotoxicosis were excluded.
Results: The majority of participants (45.3%) were within the 51–60-year age group. Among the ECG criteria assessed, Sokolow-Lyon (35.2%) and Cornell Voltage (32.3%) were most frequently indicative of LVH. Echocardiographic analysis revealed concentric LVH in 67.1% of patients and eccentric LVH in 32.9%. ECG failed to detect several cases confirmed by ECHO, underscoring the limitations of ECG in isolation. No statistically significant associations were observed between LVH findings and other clinical variables.
Conclusion: LVH is commonly observed in hypertensive patients, especially in those aged 51–60 years, with concentric LVH being more prevalent. Although ECG serves as a useful initial screening tool, its limited sensitivity necessitates the use of echocardiography for definitive diagnosis. Integrating ECG with ECHO enhances diagnostic precision and facilitates better clinical management of hypertensive patients at risk of LVH
Comparison of Retreatability of Bioceramic Sealers with Epoxy Resin-Based Sealers: A Systematic Review
Get PDFAim:
Endodontic retreatment procedures using bioceramic sealers are gaining increasing credibility in tackling clinically challenging cases. The objective was to compare the retrievability of bioceramic sealers and epoxy resin-based sealers.
Methods:
The study protocol, registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews and adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses 2020 checklist, involved an electronic search for English-language studies from 2010 to 2023. Database used for searches were PubMed, Web of Science, Research Gate, Google Scholar, Scopus. The inclusion criteria were established based on the PICOS framework.
Studies involving artificial teeth, animal models, expert opinions, conference abstracts, book chapters, case reports, in vivo research, and narrative reviews were not considered for inclusion. The risk of bias was assessed using Quality Assessment Tool For In Vitro Studies (QUIN) Tool.
Results:
Eleven studies were categorized as low risk and eight studies as medium risk of bias. The study results were mixed with some showed that bioceramic sealers were easier or harder to remove, while others found no difference. The studies varied in the type of bioceramic sealer used, root canal anatomy, and retreatment techniques.
Conclusion:
Retreatment of canals with bioceramic sealers is usually possible with standard instruments and techniques. Additional removal methods like lasers, XP-Finisher, and ultrasonics enhance the process
Digital Marketing in Orthodontics: Linking Bits, Bytes, and Bites.
Get PDFIntroduction: The spectrum of marketing has encompassed the “word of mouth” approach in its infancy, and now, has embraced multifaceted avenues. The core of this dynamic changes is held by digitalization, and orthodontic marketing is absolutely no exception to this. Digital era, an idea of the components of the spectrum of digital technologies and their effective utilization has opened up new dimensions to commence, improvise and maintain the growth of an orthodontic practice. According to the American Marketing Association, digital marketing refers to "the activities, practices, and processes that use electronic and digital communication tools to create, communicate, deliver, and exchange offerings that have value for customers, business partners, and society at large. Orthodontic treatment possesses a through diagnosis and treatment planning as its building block. Clinical experience and judgement form the core factors in patient\u27s treatment, the latter being categorized into preventive, interceptive and corrective orthodontics. Considering the present scenario, the competitive nature of the orthodontic field underscores the requirement of a rock-solid digital marketing strategy. This change permits orthodontists to differentiate themselves by showcasing their services, credentials, and patient-centric approaches. This competitive edge is integral in a market and considering that information is imparted to a larger audience, and there is easy accessibility to the healthcare providers, digital marketing, in a way, is a boon to Orthodontics. This article provides an insight into what digital marketing in Orthodontics is and how it can be leveraged for betterment and growth of a practice
Studies in Stability Indicating Chromatographic Method Development and Validation
Get PDFRapid and precise reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the validation of Brivaracetam in its pure form as well as in tablet dosage form. Chromatography was carried out on Inertsil ODS-3, 250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5μm column using a mixture of phosphate buffer: acetonitrile (60:40%v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min, the detection was carried out at 205 nm. The retention time of the brivaracetam was 3.267 min. The method produces linear responses in the concentration range of 100-300 μg/ml of brivaracetam. The method precision for the determination of assay was below 2.0 %RSD. The method was found to be sensitive, accurate and precise useful in the quality control of bulk and pharmaceutical formulations. Introduction: Analysis is necessary for all goods and services, but it is especially important for medications because they deal with human life. Analytical chemistry is the study of chemical additives\u27 separation, measurement, and identification. Analytical knowledge is divided into two kinds.
Objectives: To develop UV and HPLC method for determination of Brivaracetam in the Pharmaceutical Dosage form ,To study stability indicating method of drug
Methods: Understanding the Physicochemical properties of drug molecule. ➢ Selection of chromatographic conditions.➢ Developing the approach of analysis. ➢ Sample preparation ➢ Method optimization➢ Method validation.
Results: HPLC method development and validation involves a systematic approach to designing and verifying an analytical method for separation, detection, and quantification of analytes. The process typically includes understanding the sample\u27s characteristics, selecting appropriate chromatographic conditions, optimizing the method, and then validating the method\u27s performance.
Conclusions: A simple, rapid, selective, precise and accurate HPLC method has been developed for the estimation of Brivaracetam in bulk drugs and its Tablet dosage forms.The test method is validated for Specificity (Selectivity), Linearity (Range), Precision (System, Method), Accuracy (Recovery), Stability of analytical solution and Filter suitability found to be within the specified limit
A Comprehensive Overview on Development and Validation of Stability Indicating HPLC Method for Quantification of Dolutegravir Sodium in Bulk as Well as Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Get PDFPharmaceutical industry deals with manufacturing, quality control and quality assurance of the bulk products as well as formulations. Analytical method development and validation are two major components of the pharmaceutical industry which are helpful in drug discovery, development and manufacturing process. Method development is a process designed based on various factors to evaluate the identity, quality, purity, and potency of the drug substances and drug products. However, Method validation is set of parameter which proves the authenticity and suitability of developed method. Validation parameters include specificity, accuracy, precision, linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, range, ruggedness and robustness. Forced degradation study also plays a vital role in drug development process. It provides information regarding degradation products present in any drug compound, degradation pathways, intrinsic stability of the drug molecule and validate stability indicating analytical methods. Today, due to increase in the production of drugs in the pharmaceutical industries, development of new analytical techniques has become necessary. Validation and Forced degradation study both are performed according to the regulatory guidelines such as International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). This article emphasizes on method development and validation and also provides an overview on stability indicating analytical method development and validation of dolutegravir sodium in pharmaceutical dosage form
Three Dimensional Plates in the Fixation of Mid Face Fractures: A Case Series
Get PDFMaxillofacial trauma refers to any injury to the face and jaw. These injuries are common in motor vehicle accidents, assaults, fall and sports injuries. Improperly treated maxillofacial trauma can lead to functional, aesthetic and psychological complications. These may arise due to incomplete healing, mal-alignment or inadequate reduction and fixation of facial structures. The method of fixation can range from a simple closed reduction to open reduction requiring the use of non or semi rigid and rigid fixations. Three dimensional plates are commonly used for the fixation of mandibular fractures, but their application in management midface fractures remains relatively under explored. This case series presents three reports highlighting the applications of three-dimensional plates in fixation of midface bone fractures
Effectiveness of Flax Seeds Supplementation on Health Related Qol and Symptom Experience among Post Menopausal Women at B.V.V. Sangha’s Akkanabalaga, Bagalkot
Get PDFWomen’s health has been a global concern for many decades. The focus of women’s health researchers and health policy planners has also shifted towards postmenopausal women since recent trends suggest an increase in their number and life expectancy. Postmenopausal women have to face a lot of problems, both physically and psychologically. They have to cope with these changes and accept their new role in the society and family. The earlier the age of menarche, the earlier menopause tends to occur. Women need health teaching to learn the normal parameters of menopause so they may continue to monitor their own health during this time. The age at which natural menopausal period occurs in between the ages of 40 -55 for women worldwide. In 1990, 25 million women worldwide reached the menopause, this number is expected to double by late 2020.An average growth rate of 2-3.5% in the number of women aged over 50 is projected for the developing regions between 1990&20308. In the United States, 1.3 million women reach menopause annually. Although most women transition to menopause without experiencing psychiatric problems, an estimated 20% have depression at some point during menopause. Insomnia occurs in 40-50% of women during the menopausal transition, and problems with sleep may or may not be connected to mood disorders. Women with insomnia are more likely than others to report problems such as anxiety, stress, tension, irritation and depressive symptoms.
Methods: A True Experimental pre test post test research design, was used for present study. The samples of 50 post menopausal women were selected by simple random sampling technique method data was collected by self-structured questionnaires, The data analysis done by using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Result: The comparison of pre-test and post-test, the quality of life of post menopausal women shows that the mean post test score of symptom experience is significantly lower than the mean pre-test score (t=12.730, p<0.001). and the mean post-test score is significantly higher than the mean pre-test score (t=9.973, p<0.001). There is no significant association between socio demographic variables for both symptom experience and QOL scores of postmenopausal women.
Conclusion: The study found that the implementation of flaxseed supplementation intervention beneficial strategy for managing post-menopausal symptoms.
Synthesis and Characterization of Cobalt Oxide nanoparticles by Electrochemical Reduction Method and Screening of their Antioxidant Activity
Get PDFThe nanostructured cobalt oxides (Co3O4) were synthesized via the electrochemical reduction process by optimizing current density at 14 mA/cm2, CTAB was used as a structure directing agent in an organic medium consisting of acetonitrile and tetrahydrofuran in a 4:1 ratio. The synthesized cobalt oxide nanoparticles were characterized by using UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDS and TEM analysis techniques. The FTIR spectra shows strong absorption peaks at 520.78 and 653.87 cm-1 verified the existence of Co3O4 nanoparticles. The peak observed at 294 nm in UV spectrum confirms the nanoparticles were synthesized. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern shows face centered cubic spinel structure (FCC) of the Co3O4 nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscopy investigation showed spherical and Quasi-spherical shape surface morphology of nanoparticles. The cobalt oxide nanoparticles particle size was 37.17 nm measured using transmission electron microscopy. Energy dispersive spectroscopy was used to determine the presence of the elements Co and O. The antioxidant activity of the synthesized nanoparticles was investigated spectrophotometrically using a modified 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) test. The results demonstrate that synthesized Co3O4 nanoparticles shows 70.89 % free radical scavenging within 60min and it can be suggesting their possible applications in pharmaceutical and food industries due to its high efficiency and low cost
Influence of Screentime on Dietary Practices and Oral Hygiene of Preschool Children- A Cross Sectional Study
Get PDFBackground/Aim: Children of present generation have increased access to media devices such as smart phones, television, laptops. The American Academy of pediatrics recommends that the screen time of children and adolescents should be limited to no more than 2h/day. The excessive use of these devices are associated with unhealthy lifestyle, irregular meals, snacking, which can be detrimental to their general health and particularly oral health. This influences oral hygiene practices and cariogenic food consumption which may lead to increased plaque accumulation and dental caries. So the aim of this study is to find the influence of screen time of devices on oral health of preschool children using questionnaire given to parents.
Methodology: The study is conducted among 500 preschool children aged 3- 6 years who visits department of pediatric and preventive dentistry, with their parents. Questionnaire was formulated and distributed to parents during their children’s dental visit. All results were subjected to statistical analysis.
Conclusion: This study concluded that screen time have an influence on oral health of preschool childre