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The Influence of Chip Size Variation in the Pulping Process from Jabon Wood
No full textWood is the primary raw material in the pulp and paper industry. Due to its favorable fiber characteristics, Jabon wood (Anthocephalus cadamba Miq.) is a promising fast-growing pulp and paper production species. This study investigates the effect of nine different chip size variations, including their length and thickness (1×3, 3×3, 5×3, 1×5, 3×5, 5×5, 1×7, 3×7, and 5×7), on pulp yield, fiber properties, and chemical performance using the kraft pulping method. Parameters measured include pulp yield, fiber length, fiber diameter, lumen diameter, cell wall thickness, and derived indices such as Runkle ratio, felting power, Muhlsteph ratio, rigidity coefficient, flexibility ratio, and kappa number. Results show that chip size does not significantly affect yield but influences fiber quality and kappa number. Shorter and thinner chips improved chemical penetration, resulting in lower kappa numbers and higher-quality pulp. Fiber classification based on IAWA criteria placed jabon wood in class II, indicating medium to suitable suitability for pulp. The study provides novel insight into optimizing chip geometry for kraft pulping of jabon wood, which has rarely been explored in previous literature. These findings are relevant for enhancing raw material efficiency and pulp quality in industrial applications
CLUSTERING AND VISUALIZATION OF OLYMPIC ATHLETE DATA BASED ON PHYSICAL AND DISCIPLINARY ATTRIBUTES
No full textThis study aims to identify hidden patterns in international athlete data through clustering and data visualization approaches. The goal is to group athletes based on physical characteristics and sports disciplines to uncover meaningful trends. Utilizing a dataset of over 200,000 entries from 1896 to 2016, the study applies K-Means, Agglomerative and DBSCAN clustering methods. Preprocessing steps include handling missing data, selecting relevant variables (Height, Weight, Age, Sex, Sport, and Medal), and data normalization. The Silhouette score for K-Means (0.273647136516163645), Agglomerative (0.26134664130023655), and DBSCAN (-0.23920792207945957) indicates suboptimal clustering with overlapping clusters. K-Means clustering performs slightly better among the three methods. The findings are visualized through cluster plots and an interactive map showing medal distribution. This study highlights the limitations of traditional clustering methods for large datasets and suggests future exploration with advanced techniques
EFEKTIVITAS INFUSA DAUN HERBAL TERHADAP BOBOT AKHIR, PERSENTASE KARKAS, DAN KESEHATAN ORGAN AYAM BROILER
No full textPenggunaan bahan alami sebagai imbuhan pakan atau minuman dalam peternakan modern terus dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan performa ternak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas infusa daun herbal terhadap bobot akhir, persentase karkas, dan kesehatan organ dalam ayam broiler. Sebanyak 200 ekor DOC broiler strain Mabar tanpa pemisahan jenis kelamin digunakan dalam rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan lima ulangan, masing-masing ulangan terdiri dari sepuluh ekor ayam. Perlakuan terdiri atas: P0 (kontrol, tanpa infusa), P1 (infusa daun mengkudu 40 ml/l air minum), P2 (infusa daun pandan 40 ml/l air minum), dan P3 (infusa daun pepaya 40 ml/l air minum). Peubah yang diamati meliputi bobot akhir, persentase karkas, persentase lemak abdominal, persentase bobot hati, dan persentase bobot jantung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa infusa daun herbal memberikan pengaruh sangat nyata (p<0,01) terhadap bobot akhir, dimana perlakuan P3 menghasilkan bobot tertinggi (1,63±0,06 kg), serta berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap persentase karkas, dengan perlakuan P3 menghasilkan nilai tertinggi (67,90±2,13). Selain itu, infusa juga berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap penurunan lemak abdominal, dengan nilai terendah pada perlakuan P3 (1,83±0,05). Persentase hati menujukkan perbedaan sangat nyata (p<0,01) dengan nilai terendah pada perlakuan P3 (1,84±0,06), sedangkan persentase jantung tidak berbeda nyata antar perlakuan (P>0,05) dengan kisaran 0,60-0,67%. Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian infusa daun herbal, khususnya daun pepaya berpotensi meningkatkan performa pertumbuhan dan menurunkan lemak abdominal tanpa mengganggu kualitas karkas dan kesehatan jantung ayam broiler.
ABSTRACT
The use of natural ingredients as feed or drinking water additives in modern poultry farming continues to be developed to improve livestock performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of herbal leaf infusions on live weight, carcass percentage, and internal organ health in broiler chickens. A total of 200 unsexed DOC broilers of the Mabar strain were used in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and five replications, with each replication consisting of ten birds. The treatments were as follows: P0 (control, without infusion), P1 (noni leaf infusion at 40 ml/L of drinking water), P2 (pandan leaf infusion at 40 ml/L), and P3 (papaya leaf infusion at 40 ml/L). The observed variables included final body weight, carcass percentage, abdominal fat percentage, liver weight percentage, and heart weight percentage. The results showed that herbal leaf infusions had a highly significant effect (p<0.01) on live weight, with treatment P3 yielding the highest weight (1.63 ± 0.06 kg), and a significant effect (p<0.05) on carcass percentage, with treatment P3 showing the highest value (67.90 ± 2.13%). In addition, the infusions significantly reduced abdominal fat (p<0.05), with the lowest value observed in treatment P3 (1.83 ± 0.05%). Liver percentage showed a highly significant difference (p<0.01), with the lowest value also in treatment P3 (1.84 ± 0.06%), while heart percentage showed no significant difference among treatments (P>0.05), ranging from 0.60 to 0.67%. It is concluded that administering herbal leaf infusions, particularly papaya leaf infusion, has the potential to enhance growth performance and reduce abdominal fat without negatively affecting carcass quality and heart health in broiler chicken
Optimization of LSTM Model for Rainfall Prediction in Ambon City: Comparison of Mean Imputation and Interpolation in Time Series Data Prediction
No full textRainfall prediction is an essential aspect of meteorology, agriculture, and disaster management, particularly in regions like Ambon, where rainfall patterns significantly impact daily life. However, one of the major challenges in developing an accurate predictive model is handling missing values in the dataset. This study aims to optimize the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model for rainfall prediction in Ambon by comparing two missing value handling techniques: mean imputation and interpolation. The dataset used in this study consists of daily rainfall data from 2021 to 2024, with approximately 26.89% missing values. Two experimental scenarios were conducted: the first using mean imputation to fill in missing values with the average rainfall, and the second using linear interpolation. Both scenarios utilized the same LSTM architecture to evaluate their impact on model performance. The evaluation metrics used in this study include Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and R-squared (R²). The results show that the interpolation-based model achieved a lower RMSE and a slightly higher R² value than the mean imputation-based model, indicating better predictive performance. However, both models struggled to capture extreme values, necessitating further improvements. To address this limitation, a more complex LSTM architecture was implemented in the subsequent experiments, incorporating additional layers and optimized hyperparameters. The findings suggest that choosing an appropriate missing value handling method significantly influences the predictive accuracy of LSTM models for rainfall forecasting. This research contributes to the development of more reliable weather prediction models, which can aid in agricultural planning, flood risk assessment, and climate change adaptation in Ambon
Implikasi Filosofis Idealisme di Indonesia : Kajian Perspektif Guru Matematika Berbagai Tingkatan Sekolah
Full text linkPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi implikasi filosofis dari pendidikan idealisme sebagai teori pendidikan di Indonesia, dengan fokus pada pandangan guru matematika di berbagai tingkatan pendidikan (SD, SMP, SMA, dan SMK). Dalam konteks global yang semakin menuntut pendidikan adaptif dan progresif, penelitian ini mengevaluasi relevansi idealisme sebagai dasar filosofis pendidikan di era modern. Metode kualitatif digunakan melalui kuesioner yang terdiri dari 30 pernyataan, di mana data dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk mengeksplorasi persepsi guru. Sampel penelitian melibatkan 30 guru yang dipilih secara acak dari berbagai sekolah di Provinsi Maluku, terdiri dari 11 guru SD, 12 guru SMP, 3 guru SMA, dan 4 guru SMK (6 laki-laki dan 24 perempuan). Analisis data dilakukan secara kuantitatif dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif berupa rata-rata, persentase, dan distribusi frekuensi. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa guru-guru di Indonesia menilai penerapan pandangan pendidikan idealis di seluruh sekolah cenderung memiliki pandangan antusias dengan rata-rata skor keseluruhan 4.29. Domain tujuan pendidikan memperoleh peringkat tertinggi (rata-rata 4.40), sedangkan domain peran guru berada pada peringkat terendah (rata-rata 4.16). Hasil ini mencerminkan dukungan dalam mengintegrasikan idealisme ke dalam sistem pendidikan Indonesia yang kontekstual dan responsif terhadap isu-isu global, seperti digitalisasi, keberlanjutan, dan pendidikan berbasis kompetensi. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan bagi pengambil kebijakan untuk meninjau pendekatan filosofis dalam pendidikan nasional
Analisis Representasi Matematis Siswa pada Materi Fungsi Kuadrat di Kelas IX SMP Negeri 1 Kairatu
Full text linkRepresentasi matematis merupakan kemampuan fundamental yang harus dikuasai siswa untuk memahami konsep matematika, khususnya pada materi fungsi kuadrat yang memiliki tingkat kompleksitas tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan representasi matematis siswa kelas IX pada materi fungsi kuadrat berdasarkan indikator representasi visual, simbolik, dan verbal. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan subjek penelitian tiga siswa kelas IXA SMP Negeri 1 Kairatu yang dipilih berdasarkan kriteria kemampuan komunikasi dan penyelesaian soal. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes tertulis dan wawancara mendalam, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis data Miles dan Huberman. Subjek EP dan MP mampu memenuhi ketiga indikator representasi matematis pada soal 1 dan 2, namun mengalami kesulitan pada representasi visual untuk menggambar grafik pada soal 3. Subjek FT menunjukkan variasi kemampuan: memenuhi ketiga indikator pada soal 2, dua indikator pada soal 1, dan hanya satu indikator pada soal 3. Kemampuan representasi visual, khususnya dalam menggambar grafik fungsi kuadrat, menjadi tantangan utama bagi siswa. Diperlukan strategi pembelajaran yang lebih efektif untuk mengembangkan kemampuan representasi visual siswa
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Gerak Dasar Lokomotor Melalui Pendekatan Tematik Integratif Pada Siswa Kelas IV SD Kristen Mesa Kecamatan TNS Kabupaten Maluku Tengah
No full textThe purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which locomotor basic movements can be improved through an integrative thematic approach conducted through class action research.. The research was conducted in 2 cycles. The object of this research this research is the learning outcomes of locomotor and integrative thematic approach.. This research was conducted at SD Kristen Mesa, TNS Sub-district, Central Maluku Regency.Central Maluku Regency. The subjects in the study were fourth grade students of SD Kristen Mesa, totalling 24 students which totalled 24 people. Which consisting of 12 boys, and 12 girls. The time location used takes place within 1 (one) month starting from November 10 to December 10, 2022 Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. the results of the study obtained percentage completeness learning outcomes in cycle I 41.67% (10 people) with an average score of 69.71% and there was an increase in the percentage of learning outcomes in cycle II. people) with an average score of 69.71% and an increase of 9.45% to 100%. an increase of 9.45% to 100% (20 people) in cycle II with an average score of 79.71%. reached 79.71%. Based on the results of data analysis and discussion, it can be concluded that the learning outcomes of locomotor basic movements increased through an integrative thematic approach in students class IV of Mesa Christian Elementary School, TNS District, Central Maluku Regency
Analisis Peran Kepala Sekolah sebagai Manajer bagi Guru SMP Katolik Ambon
Full text linkThis study is motivated by the crucial role of principals in ensuring the continuity of managerial functions in schools, particularly at SMP Katolik Ambon, which faces various challenges in educational management. The research aims to describe the principal's efforts in overcoming obstacles to managerial functions through participatory and collaborative leadership approaches. The study employed a qualitative method using observation, interviews, and documentation techniques involving the principal, vice principal, civil servant teachers, and foundation-based teachers. The findings indicate that the principal successfully addresses resource, communication, and coordination constraints through mentoring strategies, clear task distribution, and enhanced teacher participation. This study demonstrates that the principal’s contribution not only strengthens school management but also fosters a more adaptive culture of collaboration. The implications highlight the importance of developing school leadership capacity and recommend strengthening policy and facility support to optimize managerial functions
Implementation of Work Culture in Improving Organizational Performance in the Serang Sub-district of Serang City Banten
Full text linkThis study aims to explore the implementation of work culture as a managerial instrument to improve organizational performance in Serang District, Serang City, Banten. The research employs a literature review methodology with descriptive-qualitative analysis. Data were obtained from relevant academic literature, government reports, and official documents to provide comprehensive insights into current work culture practices within local government institutions. The findings reveal that work culture encompassing professionalism, discipline, and collaboration plays a crucial role in supporting the effectiveness and efficiency of public service delivery. These core values serve as the foundation for creating a productive work environment that directly impacts service quality. Effective communication between leaders and employees, coupled with well-structured bureaucratic systems supported by standard operating procedures, emerges as key to successful work culture implementation. This organizational framework ensures consistency, accountability, and transparency in administrative processes. However, significant challenges including limited staff capacity and inadequate facilities hinder optimal organizational performance. These constraints affect government institutions' ability to respond effectively to public needs and demands. Therefore, strengthening human resource capacity through continuous training programs and developing robust information technology infrastructure is essential for enhancing public services and building public trust in local government. The study concludes that sustainable organizational performance improvement requires a holistic approach combining cultural transformation, structural reinforcement, and technological advancement. Strategic interventions focusing on employee development, infrastructure modernization, and policy implementation are necessary to overcome existing barriers and establish a more efficient, responsive, and citizen-oriented public service delivery system
Karakteristik Organoleptik Cookies Berbahan Dasar Hotong (Setaria italica) dengan Perbandingan Margarin dan Kenari (Canarium indicum)
Full text linkThe aim of this research was to determine the appropriate ratio of margarine and canarium to produce the best millet cookies based on organoleptic properties. This research used a Completely Randomized Design with five levels of substitution treatment for margarine and canarium (100%:0%, 75%:25%, 50%:50%, 25%:75%, 0%:100%). Cookies with a substitution of 0% margarine: 100% canarium were liked by the panelists in term of color, aftertaste, taste, texture and produced cookies with a light yellow color, a slight aftertaste, a slight canarium taste, a texture that did not crumble when pressed