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المحاكم الخاصة في تعديلات قانون الإجراءات المدنية ولائحته التنظيمية لسنة 2021
Get PDFIn the amendments to the Civil Procedures Law, the Emirati legislator introduced Federal Decree-Law No. 15 of 2021, and its regulations by Ministerial Resolution No. 75 of 2021, the idea of special courts consisting of one degree. It consists of judges with varying experiences. It consists of a judge of first instance and an appellate judge. The Special Court is headed by one of the judges of the higher courts. At the federal level, the Special Courts are headed by a judge from the Federal Supreme Court, and a judge from the Court of Cassation or Cassation at the level of the local judiciary in the UAE.
In accordance with the recent legislative amendments, the legislator specified the qualitative, value and spatial competencies of the special courts. It also gave these courts a mandatory jurisdiction whereby the litigants are obligated to submit their dispute to these courts, and another optional jurisdiction, where the case is considered by the special courts according to a written agreement between the parties on the jurisdiction of the special courts to settle the dispute arising between them.
Litigation procedures before the special courts are followed according to the general rules, and according to the special rules that the legislator singled out for the special courts. The general rules for advertising methods and procedures shall apply. While the case is being prepared by a judge preparing it, contrary to the general rules. The special courts are subject to the general rules for seeking reconsideration in terms of its dates, procedures, and cases, in addition to a special case added by the legislator. In addition to the possibility of reversing the provisions approved by the legislator in the amendments to the higher courts and special courts.
استحدث المشرع الإماراتي في تعديلات قانون الإجراءات المدنية بالمرسوم بالقانون الاتحادي رقم 15 سنة 2021، ولائحته التنظيمية بالقرار الوزاري رقم 75 سنة 2021 فكرة المحاكم الخاصة التي تتكون من درجة واحدة تتشكل من قضاة ذوي خبرات متفاوتة، فهي تتشكل من: قاضي ابتدائي، وقاضي استئناف، ويرأس المحكمة الخاصة أحد قضاة المحاكم العليا، فعلى المستوى الاتحادي يرأس المحاكم الخاصة قاضٍ من المحكمة الاتحادية العليا، وقاضٍ من محكمة النقض أو التمييز على مستوى القضاء المحلي في دولة الإمارات، ووفق التعديلات التشريعية الأخير المشار إليها حدد المشرع اختصاصات المحاكم الخاصة النوعية والقيمية والمكانية، كما جعل لهذه المحاكم اختصاصاً وجوبياً يلتزم بموجبه الخصوم بعرض نزاعم على هذه المحاكم، واختصاصاً آخر اختيارياً، حيث تنظر الدعوى من قبل المحاكم الخاصة بموجب اتفاق مكتوب بين الأطراف على اختصاص المحاكم الخاصة بالفصل في النزاع الناشئ بينهم.
وتتبع إجراءات التقاضي أمام المحاكم الخاصة وفق القواعد العامة، ووفق قواعد خاصة، خصها المشرع بالمحاكم الخاصة، فتسري القواعد العامة لطرق وإجراءات
الإعلان أمام المحاكم الخاصة، في حين أن تحضير الدعوى يتم من قبل قاضي تحضير على خلاف القواعد العامة التي بموجبها يتم تحضير الدعوى من قبل مكتب إدارة الدعوى، وتخضع المحاكم الخاصة للقواعد العامة في التماس إعادة النظر من حيث مواعيده، وإجراءاته، وحالاته إضافة إلى حالة خاصة أضافها المشرع لالتماس إعادة النظر أمام المحاكم الخاصة. إضافة إلى إمكانية الرجوع عن الأحكام التي أقرها المشرع في التعديلات المشار إليها للمحاكم العليا، والمحاكم الخاصة
A High Step-up Parallel Boost/Quasi-Z-Source PWM DC-DC Converter for Photovoltaic Applications
Get PDFIn this article, a novel DC-DC converter is proposed, which is derived from the parallel combination of a conventional boost converter and a Quasi-Z-Source converter. This converter benefits from the features of both mentioned converters. Compared to similar structures, the proposed converter has a suitable gain. This is due to the parallel combination of two voltage-boosting structures, namely boost and Quasi-Z-Source. The simple and linear circuit operation of the converter is another advantage. On the other hand, the control circuit of the converter is also simple and can be designed as PWM. Due to the Quasi-interleaved structure at the input of the proposed converter, the input current is divided between two input paths. This reduces the current stress on active and passive elements. The input filter inductor has a large value. Therefore, the input current of the converter is continuous, and the converter operates in CCM. Additionally, the input current ripple is improved, which is suitable for many applications. The ohmic losses of the elements are low due to the current division between parallel paths. Therefore, its efficiency is improved compared to similar structures. This article presents the design and performance analysis of the proposed converter. To validate the converter’s performance, an 80-watt circuit was designed and simulated using PSPICE software. The comparison between the simulation results and the theoretical analysis of the proposed converter substantiates the accuracy of the proposed converter’s operation
TRANSFORMING FERMENTATION RESIDUES FROM DATE FRUIT POMACE FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF BIOADSORBENT MATERIAL IN AN INTEGRATED BIOREFINERY FRAMEWORK
Get PDFIn the pursuit of enhanced waste management solutions, this comprehensive research delves into the untapped potential of date fruit pomace (DFP), an abundant byproduct from the date syrup industry that is currently underutilized, leading to environmental concerns. The study emphasizes the need for proper waste management and valorization strategies to mitigate the environmental impact of DFP and promote sustainability within the date processing industry. The initial phase involves characterizing DFP from Emirati varieties, highlighting its compositional and functional properties. The analysis reveals that DFP is rich in total dietary fiber (45.5%), residual sugars (35.3%), protein (10.6%), ash (4.1%), and fat (1.3%). Recognizing the global shift towards a circular, sustainable bioeconomy, the research explores the potential of fermented DFP as a bioadsorbent for sulfate removal from high salinity rejected brine, a critical issue in desalination plants. The bioadsorbent prepared from the fermented DFP in the form of activated carbon exhibited a 90.9% sulfate removal when 500 mg/L brine was treated with 20 g/L of activated carbon at 25°C for 2 h with a BET surface area of 166.48 m2/g. The mechanism of the sulfate adsorption fits the Langmuir model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 415.2 mg/g. The adsorption isotherms and kinetic model indicate that the adsorption is exothermic in nature in close alignment with both pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order kinetics, indicating that sulfate adsorption is both physical and chemical in nature. A biorefinery based on DFP is proposed and the economic viability is assessed through a techno-economic analysis (TEA) using the software SuperPro Designer. The TEA of the project exhibits a payback period of 3.6 years, highlighting its economic sustainability. The proposed biorefinery project not only aligns with environmental goals but also demonstrates economic viability, making a significant contribution to the sustainable development of the date processing industry in the UAE. In summary, this research provides a holistic exploration of the multifaceted applications of DFP, transforming what was once overlooked waste into a catalyst for sustainable innovation
PEROVSKITE MATERIALS FOR OPTOELECTRONICS APPLICATION: SOLAR CELLS AND PHOTODETECTORS
Get PDFPerovskite materials have emerged as promising candidates for optoelectronic applications, particularly in solar cells and photodetectors, due to their remarkable properties such as high carrier mobility, tunable bandgap, and low-cost fabrication. This thesis explores two novel approaches, namely monovalent doping and bulk as well as surface passivation, to enhance the performance and stability of perovskite-based devices. The primary goal of this research is to enhance the properties of perovskite materials to improve their optoelectronic performance, aiming to broaden their use in solar cells and photodetector devices. Specifically, this study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of Cu doping and Zinc porphyrin passivation techniques in improving the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells. Additionally, the research aims to enhance the performance of photodetectors by employing the Zinc porphyrin passivation method. To achieve the objectives, a systematic approach involving synthesis, characterization, and device fabrication was employed. Perovskite films were synthesized using a cost-effective spin-coating technique. Cu doping was achieved through controlled incorporation of Cu+ ion during synthesis, while Zinc porphyrin passivation was implemented through the bulk as well as surface modification using the antisolvent engineering techniques. Various characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and electrical measurements, are employed to assess the structural, optical, and electronic properties of the modified perovskite materials. Experimental results demonstrate the successful incorporation of Cu dopant into the perovskite lattice. Optimizing the amount of Cu has been found to significantly enhance crystalline quality and grain size, leading to improved light absorption and higher efficiency. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of Cudoped MAPbI3 perovskite solar cells increased from 16.3 % to 18.2 %. However, Zinc porphyrin passivation enhances the grain size and reduces defects, improves the optical properties, and charge transport efficiency of FA0.95MA0.05PbI2.85Br0.15 perovskite solar cells. This approach significantly boosts the PCE from 15.38 % to 19.11 % while ensuring exceptional stability, retaining over 91 % of initial efficiency. The bulk passivation of perovskite single crystal was also made possible during the inverse temperature crystallization process. Photodetectors integrated onto single crystal surfaces were also fabricated, and their performance in photodetection was assessed. Photodetectors utilizing Zinc porphyrin passivation demonstrated enhanced photodetection properties and rapid response speed, leading to superior performance in low-light conditions compared to un-passivated devices. The Photodetector devices passivated with 0.05% Zn-PP exhibited the best performance with a responsivity of 2.54 (A/W) and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of about 778 % whereas the un-passivated sample exhibited a responsivity of 1.06 A/W and EQE of 324 %. Furthermore, the photocurrent for the un-passivated sample has shown a rise time (tr) of 7.5 μs and fall time (tf) of 84.8 μs as a function of time. However, with a 0.05% Zn-PP passivation, the tr and tf were reduced to 2.6 μs and 57.9 μs, respectively. This thesis contributes to the advancement of perovskite-based optoelectronic devices by introducing novel strategies for improving material properties and device performance. The successful implementation of monovalent doping and metal porphyrin passivation demonstrates the potential of these approaches in enhancing the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells and the performance of the photodetector devices. The insights gained from this research pave the way for further optimization of perovskite materials and the development of high-performance optoelectronic devices
POST-PANDEMIC EMPLOYEE PERSPECTIVE STUDY: A QUALITATIVE INVESTIGATION ON THE IMPACT OF HYBRID WORKING ON EMPLOYEE WAY OF LIFE AND THE NEED TO RESHAPE THE EMPLOYEE VALUE PROPOSITION IN THE HEALTH INSURANCE INDUSTRY OF THE UAE
Get PDFThis dissertation details a post-pandemic qualitative investigation conducted to understand the impact of hybrid working solutions on reshaping the employee value proposition (EVP) in the health insurance industry of the UAE. The research aims to evaluate how the introduction of modern hybrid working solutions impacts employees in a post-pandemic environment and, in turn, whether this creates a demand for human resources to refocus drivers of the EVP. Traditionally, EVP is referred to as the overall give-and-get in an employment deal; however, the pandemic was an eye-opener for organizations to redefine what it entails. Since hybrid working has become the new norm across the corporate world, this research can be viewed as shedding light on a topical social issue. The consequences of a pandemic are cyclical; therefore, examining those at the receiving end of impacts is warranted. The study follows an interpretive research approach to investigate employee perception, awareness, and assumptions on the transformative organizational shift toward hybrid working and its impact on the employees and the EVP. Although several empirical studies have been conducted concerning remote work and work from home [WFH] in a post-pandemic environment, the author identifies a void in academic qualitative research in investigating the impact hybrid working arrangement has made on the employee way of life (i.e., quality of life and employment relationship) and organizational EVP that is essential for envisioning future talent strategies. Furthermore, the lack of theoretical frameworks to design or reshape the EVP is a crucial limitation identified in the existing literature. Existing academic research does not justify whether hybrid working is a driver or enabler of EVP. As part of the investigation, the research strategy and results of the study are sieved through the theoretical framework developed by the author based on Kurt Lewin’s (1951) Force Field Analysis theory to identify possibilities of triggering negative and positive effects of change. The need to reshape EVP is determined based on the negative impacts of change. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups are utilized to provide qualitative evidence; specifically, data collected from 26 respondents are thematically analyzed using NVivo, and the impact of hybrid working on the EVP is discussed in detail. Finally, the conceptual framework crafted for the EVP gap analysis is aimed at bridging a gap in academic literature and providing guidance for the application of theory in practice
IMPACT OF MULTIFACTORIAL INTERVENTIONS WITH MEDICATION AND LIFESTYLE OPTIMIZATION ON PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES: A RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Get PDFThe incidence of diabetes is increasing worldwide, consequently increasing mortality rates due to complications such as diabetic kidney disease. Clinical evidence on the protective effect of balanced diet, exercise and medication adherence with glucose-lowering intensification therapies on the progression of diabetes is insufficient, and interventions that are most effective in slowing cardiorenal metabolic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), especially in the UAE population diabetes remain to be elucidated. Several studies have shown that patient-related factors and limited medication adherence in patients with chronic diseases, are associated with poor clinical outcomes, long-term complications, and increased overall disease costs. Moreover, lifestyle modification involving active engagement of specialised dietitian with diet and exercise education, can be effective as first-line treatment for diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of long-term multi-factorial interventions, including medication therapy management with adherence reinforcement, structured diet as well as exercise adherence, and electrolyte levels optimisation on clinical outcomes in UAE patients with T2DM in ambulatory healthcare clinic. A randomised controlled clinical trial was conducted in an outpatient clinic, followed up 192 patients with diabetes allocated with blinded concealment to the intervention and control groups for 1 year. The intervention group received multi-factorial interventions, including serum electrolyte level optimisation, dietary and exercise counselling with a specialised dietician and a comprehensive pharmacist-led medication therapy management (MTM) involving private counselling and medication adherence assessment, while the control group received standard routine care in the clinic.During a mean follow-up of 11.9 months, diabetes was controlled in 40.4 % of the intervention compared to 31.6 % in the control group, with significant mean difference of -0.63 (95% CI -0.96 – -0.30, P \u3c 0.01). At the end of study period, participants in the multifactorial group reached significant mean difference in systolic blood pressure readings of = -4.21 )95% CI -8.26 – -0.16, P \u3c 0.02), and LDL-c levels of = -0.31 )95% CI -063 – 0.02, P \u3c 0.03), compared to control group. eGFR and serum albumin levels have been improved in the intervention group with non-significant difference. Moreover, the mean difference in the change in body mass index between study groups at study exit and baseline was statistically significant (BMI difference = -1.86, 95% CI -2.68 – -1.04, P \u3c 0.01). The intervention group reported significant decrease in total carbohydrate and daily energy intake compared to baseline (173.7 g vs 221.1 g and 1828.5 kcal vs 2177.9 kcal, respectively). Moreover, the mean metabolic equivalents (METs) in the intervention group increased significantly at study exit from baseline compared to control group METs, with mean difference between all between-group differences after baseline of 0.63 (95% 0.29 – 0.97, P \u3c 0.01). In addition, at 12 months follow-up, participants in the intervention group showed a statistically significant improvement in overall medication adherence with total (composite) medication possession ratio of mean (±SD) 0.95 (±0.09) compared to 0.92 (± 0.09) in the control group with mean difference of 0.03 (95%, CI 0.01-0.06), P =0.02. Implementing multifactorial interventions by a multidisciplinary team care improved several clinical manifestations including HbA1c, SBP, and eGFR with decreased cardiovascular risk factors. Furthermore, structured diet and exercise counselling was noted to be associated with significant weight and total calorie reduction and enhancement of physical activity compared to routine counselling in diabetes management. Besides, pharmacist-led MTM interventions was effective in persistently improving adherence to chronic medication and optimising medication regimens
Restructuring and Upgradation of the DSpace-based Institutional Repository of CEPT University Library: A Case Study
Get PDFPurpose: This paper aims to present a strategic overview of the restructuring of the CEPT repository structure, maintaining and upgrading its software for continuous access improved services.
Method: The process of restructuring and upgrading CEPT University Library\u27s repository to DSpace 7 involved identifying the need for technical proficiency, establishing a new server, configuring the repository, migrating existing data while preparing metadata. Furthermore, data in the new storage hierarchy was restructured, and SSL integration with Shibboleth was implemented.
Result: The paper highlights the benefits and outcomes of the restructuring process, emphasizing the enhanced accessibility, discoverability, and preservation of scholarly works.
Implications: The study discusses the challenges faced by the institution\u27s existing repository, the rationale behind the restructuring, and the step-by-step approach taken to upgrade the repository. The case study serves as a valuable reference for other academic institutions seeking to optimize their institutional repositories
An Exploration of Students’ Lived Experience of Being Remote Learners: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis
Get PDFThis study sought to explore a deeper understanding of the lived experience of students who underwent remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Following the qualitative phenomenology research paradigm, seven demographically diverse participants took part from different universities. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was employed to explore how participants made sense of their experiences. A rigorous analysis of students’ reflections and online interviews revealed three overarching themes: constructive experience, deconstructive experience, and futuristic sense-making of remote learning practice. This study proposes various solutions and evidence-based recommendations to enhance students’ experiences of remote learning, as well as directions for future research.
Keywords: Remote, Learners, Experiences, Phenomenolog
THE LEGAL REGULATION OF GOVERNMENT COMPANIES IN THE UAE
Get PDFThe United Arab Emirates has witnessed a remarkable economic development in the past years, as the state is no longer completely dependent on oil and its derivatives, but has begun to diversify its economy and sources of income in it, and the state has relied in building, developing and diversifying this economy on the so-called government companies established and managed by the government, whether through direct supervision or in other ways that differ from the traditional methods of managing the public facility, and the establishment of these government companies came as a desire From the government to protect its economic interests and resist any future crises that may negatively affect its economy, and also to the participation of the internal and global private sector in all economic fields in order to benefit from their expertise in all vital economic fields in order to achieve a solid financial, commercial and industrial economy in an effort to achieve profit and expand and diversify areas of income for the government, and also to compete with global economies through the establishment, operation and development of these government companies, and that with the establishment of these government companies, unemployment rates decrease, as The priority in appointment in these companies is for the citizens of the State. 11 In the light of this research, we will present an in-depth study on the nature of these government companies and we will limit them only in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, by defining government companies, then explaining and analyzing the provisions of the law to know what these government companies are, their characteristics, and distinguish them from other governmental and non-governmental legal entities mentioned in the UAE law, the legal nature of the employees in these government companies, and the mechanism of control over these companies. In conclusion, we will present recommendations and results based on what has been presented, researched, and analyzed in this research
THE LEGAL REGULATION OF THE INTERNAL OVERSIGHT COMMITTEES IN ISLAMIC FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Get PDFThis study deals with the legal organization of internal Shari’ah Supervision Committees ISSC in light of the modern federal legislation of the UAE and the standards of Shari’ah governance, after a legislative vacuum that lasted for nearly 9 years since the establishment of Dubai Islamic Bank in 1975 as the first Islamic bank according to the modern concept of banks in the UAE and the world as a whole, until the issuance of Law No. (6) of 1985 regarding Islamic banks, financial institutions and investment companies as the first legislation regulating Islamic banking in the UAE, and the study aims to demonstrate the adequacy of this organization to achieve the desired objective and procedural independence compared to the previous situation before the issuance of Decree-Law No. (14) of 2018 regarding the Central Bank and the organization of financial institutions and activities, the establishment of the Higher Shari’ah Authority HSA, and the issuance of a package of governance standards regulating Islamic banking in the UAE, by answering the main problem of this study, which revolves around the extent of the success of the legislator in the UAE in the legal organization of ISSC and its impact on the independence of these committees and enhancing the efficiency of banking work and the confidence of those dealing with Islamic financial institutions. Several questions branched out from this main problem, perhaps the most prominent of which is the basis for the 1 1 12 29 30 33 38 4 work of ISSC in Islamic financial institutions, whether it is the law or the contract, and whether the federal legislator succeeded in adopting a new organizational name for ISSC. The study concluded with several results, the most important of which is the UAE legislator’s creation of a new organizational name for the ISSC and the consequent conferring of the internal characteristic on the control system that the committee is responsible for, not the committee itself. This lies in the federal legislator’s adoption of the hierarchical system in Sharia supervision, in addition to the legislator’s desire to distinguish between the Internal ISSC associated with the financial institution, which represents the internal control system, and the HSA in the Central Bank of the UAE, which represents the central external control system, and not to confuse them. Accordingly, the UAE legislator’s adoption in Federal Decree-Law No. (14) of 2018 of the new organizational name and the consequent conferring of the internal characteristic on the nature of the supervision carried out by the ISSC is justified. The appointment of members of the ISSC through the nomination of the institution’s board of directors of the members and their appointment by the general assembly makes the members’ independence relative, and does not extend from requiring the approval of the Higher Shari’ah Authority, as it is accepted that financial institutions are primarily profit-oriented institutions, so it is not possible to rule out the existence of a conflict of interest between the institution’s board of directors and one of the committee members, as the board of directors may seek The institution selects members who are known for not being strict when issuing fatwas, which may lead to the exclusion of highly qualified members and depriving banking of their efforts, and focusing on specific members in most financial institutions. The study also concluded with several recommendations, perhaps the most prominent of which is opening the door to appeal against the decisions of the HSA issued in disputes over the legitimacy of a matter, which may arise between the members of the committee 5 themselves, or between the committee and the Bord of Directors of the financial institution, so as not to miss the opportunity for the disputing parties to reconsider the matter again by the HSA, especially since the work of the HSA is a human and discretionary work that is subject to error, and may have serious consequences on financial institutions in avoiding profits, and explicitly stating the prohibition of the General Assembly authorizing the Board of Directors of the financial institution to appoint a member of the ISSC in the Shari’ah governance standard, whether in the new appointment of the member or the renewal of the appointment or in the event of a vacancy in the position of a committee member that does not result in affecting the legal quorum, similar to the prohibition of the General Assembly in public joint-stock companies authorizing the Board of Directors to appoint the auditor in accordance with Article (245) of Decree-Law No. (32) of 2021 regarding commercial companies, due to the unification of the reason represented in providing sufficient guarantees for the independence of the auditor and the member of the ISSC due to the nature of the work they do, as the ISSC is similar to The auditor in the attestation function by submitting the annual Shari’ah report to the General Assembly, as the authority to appoint members of the ISSC is one of the most important components of the independence of these committees from the Islamic financial institutions associated with them. If the jurisdiction to appoint members of the ISSC is established for the Board of Directors of the financial institution, it is absolutely impossible to talk about the independence of the members of these committees from the financial institution that has the authority to appoint them, and this does not extend to requiring the approval of the HSA of the Central Bank of the UAE