United Arab Emirates University
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Designing A Proposed Educational Program Based on Geographical Cloud Computing and Measuring its Effectiveness in Developing Research and Analysis Skills for Remote Sensing Big Data for Spatial Phenomena among Humanities Track Students at the Secondary Stage in Makkah
Get PDFThe study aims at designing a proposed educational program based on geographic cloud computing and measuring its effectiveness in developing research and analysis skills for remote sensing big data for spatial phenomena among humanities track students at the secondary stage in Makkah. To achieve this; An available random sample of (29) students was selected from the study population. The study followed the quasi-experimental approach with a one-group design and used the observation card, and the attitude test to collect data. Results showed; There are statistically significant differences at the level (α≤ 0.05) between the mean scores of the study group in the pre and post measurements of the variables approved in the observation card and the attitude test in favor of the post measurement. Results also showed a significant (high) impact of the educational program in developing research and analysis skills for the sample, as the effect coefficient of the two dependent variables reached (2.11, 8.27), respectively. The results showed a strong, positive, direct correlation at the significance level (α≤0.01) between the two dependent variables for each of the research and analysis skills, where the coefficient of determination for the dependent variables was (0.685). Results also showed a linear predictive relationship (simple regression), where the regression value for research and analysis skills were (0.019, 35.656), respectively. Based on the results, a set of relevant recommendations and proposals were presented.
Keywords: Geographical cloud computing, effectiveness, research skills, analysis skills, big data, spatial phenomena, remote sensing, humanities track, secondary stage
The Influence of Unidroit Principles on the Evolving Interpretation of the Contract
Get PDFprinciples, are not mere agreements in which some clauses were inserted by the will of the parties, but rather are real common economic projects between the parties, these contracts are intended to achieve the common contractual interest of the parties by ensuring that their effects remain effective. Because these contracts are in a situation of constant interaction with reality, this requires preserving them from the risk of rescission and invalidity as much as possible, and by various legal means. Perhaps the most important and qualified way to preserve the international commercial contract (the common economic project) is to resort to the interpretation of the contract in a way that the interpreter puts in mind the purpose of the contract in society, which gives the interpretation the character of (advanced), which is characterized by trying to achieve harmonization between the contract and its changing reality, thus ensuring in the end the contractual common interest. In this sense, the advanced interpretation of the contract means the mental process that attempts to determine the intention of the contracting parties from outside the terms of the contract by harmonizing the contract with the reality and customs of the transaction, as well as maintaining its efficiency and integrity. The advanced interpretation of the contract is also characterized by an objective tendency that is concerned with the search for the contractual intent according to the reasonable person\u27s understanding of the terms of contracts at the time of their conclusion, it is also concerned with the purpose of the contract in light of the circumstances surrounding it. The research concluded that the features of the advanced interpretation in the principles of Unidroit lie in the fairness and efficiency of the contract, in addition to its integrity and realism
Guarantees of Payment of Wages in Enterprise Contracts and its Contemporary Applications in accordance with the Enforced Legislation in Palestine
Get PDFremuneration under the contracting contract, and the mechanisms of enforcing the employer to implement his obligation to pay the remuneration, in light of the Palestinian legislative reality, which is still dependent upon the Mejella (Journal of Judicial Rules), as the Civil Law in force in Palestine. The study attempted to find a solution to the legislative shortcoming represented in the fact that the provisions of the Mejella devoid of a clear and explicit regulation of the provisions of the contracting contract and the responsibilities of the parties to that contract, especially with regard to obligating the employer to pay the remuneration and the means of compelling him to implement such obligation, by expanding the implications of the Mejella’s codes, and the jurisprudential analogy on them in an analytical and critical manner. It will be relying on a special reading of the codes of the Mejella and interfacing them with other legislation in force in Palestine, opinion of scholars and Judges, and the Palestinian courts’ judgments on the issue.
Accordingly, the study disused the effects of the employer\u27s obligation to pay the wage, and the means of enforcing the employer to implement his commitment to pay the remuneration. Then the study concluded with a set of results and recommendations, which we consider necessary to be adopted, to fill the legislative gap in Palestine, especially with regard to the contractor’s option to retaining the work, and the expansion of the Mejella’s provisions regarding the precluded excuse, which is synonymous with the principles of force majeure and unforeseeable circumstances
The Criminal Confrontation of Discrimination Crimes in UAE Law Under Federal Law by Decree No (34) of 2023 Concerning Combating Discrimination, Hatred and Extremis
Get PDFDiscrimination is a reprehensible act that undermines equality and fair opportunities. International efforts and national penal legislation have responded by criminalising this behaviour and enforcing penalties, given its threat to national peace and human dignity. The United Arab Emirates, with its unique diversity of citizens and residents differing in colour, gender, ethnic, and religious backgrounds, fosters coexistence under the rule of law and equality. The UAE legislature has proactively taken steps to combat discrimination, enacting specific preventive legislation: Federal Decree-Law No. (34) of 2023 on Combating Discrimination, Hatred, and Extremism.This study offers a critical analysis of the criminal prosecution of discrimination under this law, conducting a comparative examination with other legal systems and considering scholarly perspectives. The study aims to assess the adequacy and effectiveness of the legal framework established by the Federal Decree-Law No. (34) of 2023 on Combating Discrimination, Hatred, and Extremism. It identifies potential loopholes in the law\u27s drafting and offers legal suggestions. The study concluded with a number of recommendations aimed at drawing the attention of the UAE legislator, the most prominent of which is to adopt a definition of discrimination that aligns with international agreements and to specify the scope of discrimination within crimes. It is also recommended to consider the legal phrasing in Article 6 of the Anti-Discrimination, Hatred, and Extremism Law to ensure its consistency with the general provisions of the Penal Code. Additionally, the importance of adopting specific criminal intent in the crime of discrimination was highlighted, along with proposals related to the penalties specified for this crime
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE MASONRY UNITS AND GEOPOLYMER MASONRY MORTARS INCORPORATING RECYCLED AGGREGATES
Get PDFSustainable construction materials have been commonly adopted to replace primary components in concrete, namely cement and natural aggregates. Yet, the combined effect of utilizing geopolymers and recycled aggregates in masonry, one of the oldest construction products and methods in the world, has not been widely investigated. Therefore, this thesis evaluates the feasibility of utilizing recycled aggregates in slag-fly ash blended geopolymer concrete masonry units and mortars for masonry wall construction applications. A blend of slag and fly ash served as the precursor binding material. A sodium-based alkaline solution was employed to activate the blended binder. Natural aggregates were substituted with recycled aggregates at 25, 50, 75, and 100% mass replacement rates. The current work was divided into three major phases. In the first phase, the physical and mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete masonry units made with recycled coarse aggregates were assessed. The second phase investigated the fresh, mechanical, physical, and durability properties of geopolymer masonry mortars made with recycled fine aggregates. Additionally, environmental and economic impact assessments were conducted on the developed masonry unit and mortar mixes to select the optimal mix based on multiple performance criteria. Finally, the third phase entailed examining the mechanical behavior of geopolymer concrete masonry prismatic walls made with recycled aggregates. Results emphasized the potential viability of geopolymer concrete masonry units, mortars, and prismatic walls made with recycled aggregates to be used for structural purposes. Such sustainable masonry products were able to attain comparable or superior mechanical properties to traditional cement-based masonry counterparts made with natural aggregates. Simultaneously, they would reduce carbon dioxide emissions, valorize recycled aggregates, and conserve natural resources. Analytical models were also developed to correlate the different properties of masonry units and mortars and to predict the mechanical behavior of masonry prismatic walls based on the compressive strength of their components, i.e., masonry units and mortars
MOUSE MAMMARY TUMOR VIRUS (MMTV) GENOMIC RNA (GRNA) PACKAGING: SELECTIVE GRNA ENCAPSIDATION IS FACILITATED BY LONG-RANGE INTERACTIONS (LRIS) THAT FACILITATE SPECIFIC GAG BINDING
Get PDFMouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) is a betaretrovirus that induces breast cancer and sporadically, T-cell lymphomas in mice. MMTV serves as a pertinent model for elucidating the mechanism(s) of oncogenesis and the genetics associated with the development of mammary tumors. Being a rodent retrovirus, MMTV is phylogenetically distant from human and other primate retroviruses; thus, positioning it ideally as a potential vector of choice for human gene therapy. This may circumvent safety concerns such as recombination with other related endogenous human retroviruses. In addition, MMTV is distinct from most other retroviruses, but similar to lentiviruses, in that it has the ability to infect non-dividing cells. Furthermore, MMTV contains multiple steroid responsive promoters, making it not only “switchable” but also “tissue-specific” since they turn on gene expression only in cells with receptors for steroid hormones. These unique features have led to increasing interest in developing MMTV-based vectors for “targeted” and “inducible” human gene therapy, especially for breast tissue. Therefore, it is crucial that the molecular mechanisms of the pertinent aspects of MMTV life cycle be better understood to develop safer, more efficient vectors for gene delivery.
Earlier studies have suggested that MMTV harbors sequences known as packaging sequences (Psi) responsible for genomic RNA (gRNA) packaging at the 5’ end of its genome. This region has been predicted to assume a higher order structure which was validated biochemically employing hSHAPE (high throughput selective 2\u27 hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension) and shown to have four RNA-RNA long range interactions (LRIs) harboring complementary sequences. Three of these LRIs involve complementary sequences between the U5/Gag (LRIs I-III), while one LRI (LRI-IV) involves complementary sequences within U5/U5 region that are 291 and 190 nucleotides apart, respectively.
In addition to Psi, the packaging of gRNA into retroviral particles relies on its specific recognition by the Gag precursor. However, it remains unclear whether the binding of Gag to Psi alone is enough to promote RNA packaging and what role LRIs play in this process. In this study, using MMTV as a model, we investigated the effects of mutations in the four proposed LRIs on the gRNA structure and function. Our findings reveal the presence of an unpredicted extended LRI, and hSHAPE showed that maintaining a Psi structure like the wild type is crucial for efficient RNA packaging. Surprisingly, filter binding assays demonstrated that most mutants, regardless of their packaging capability, exhibited significant binding to Pr77Gag, suggesting that Gag binding to Psi is insufficient for efficient packaging. Further footprinting experiments indicated that efficient RNA packaging is promoted when Pr77Gag binds to two specific sites within Psi, whereas binding elsewhere in Psi does not lead to efficient packaging. Taken together, these results reveal that the three-dimensional structure of the Psi/Pr77Gag complex regulates the assembly of viral particles around gRNA, enabling effective discrimination against other viral and cellular RNA species that may also bind Gag efficientl
UTILITY OF NEW REMOTE SENSING DATA IN EVALUATING THE HYDROLOGICAL RESPONSE TO LAND USE AND LAND COVER CHANGES
Get PDFLand use and land-cover (LULC) changes have profound impacts on hydrological responses, influencing both runoff dynamics and flood risks. This study focuses on two contrasting environments undergoing rapid LULC transformations: the arid Wadi Ham watershed in the UAE and the tropical Imphal watershed in India. The study addresses the need for accurate LULC data in hydrological modeling, particularly in climate-sensitive regions where changes in land use are accelerating. The primary objective of this research was to assess the impact of LULC changes on the hydrological behavior of the Wadi Ham and Imphal watersheds. It aimed to elucidate how these changes affect runoff and flood risks in arid and tropical environments through hydrological modeling. A region-specific LULC classification was conducted using high-resolution PlanetScope and Sentinel-2 data, which provide unique spatial, spectral, and temporal resolutions. Two different classification algorithms, the Maximum Likelihood Classifier and the Random Forest Classifier were employed. A change detection analysis was carried out using multi-temporal satellite data to identify LULC changes, and the GSSHA (Gridded Surface Subsurface Hydrological Analysis) model was used to simulate the hydrological impacts of these changes on runoff and flood patterns in both watersheds. The model of the tropical Imphal Watershed was further calibrated using flood reports to improve its accuracy. Results show that LULC changes significantly influence hydrological responses in both watersheds. In the arid watershed, Wadi Ham, LULC changes intensified runoff, whereas in the tropical Imphal watershed, the integration of LULC data and model calibration led to more precise flood risk assessments. Despite these adjustments, relative changes in hydrological behavior remained consistent, even when model validation and calibration were conducted. This study demonstrated the critical role of high-resolution LULC data in improving the accuracy of hydrological models, particularly in regions with limited ground truth data. PlanetScope imagery combined with the Random Forest classifier yielded the most accurate and realistic LULC maps tailored to each region’s unique environmental context. This research offered a methodology for assessing the hydrological response from LULC changes for regions where ground truth data is scarce or unavailable
KINETICS, THERMODYNAMICS, AND BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATIONS OF HYDROLYSATES ENZYMATICALLY PRODUCED FROM PROTEINS EXTRACTED FROM MICROALGAE
Get PDFThis thesis aims to explore the use of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-L (ZIF-L) as a support for immobilizing alcalase and its potency in producing protein hydrolysates. ZIF-L was synthesized at room temperature using an aqueous solution, and alcalase was immobilized through adsorption batch experiment. The successful immobilization of alcalase on ZIF-L was confirmed through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The maximum adsorption capacity of alcalase on ZIF-L was determined to be 672.1 ± 5.5 mg g-1 at 40°C using an initial protein concentration of 5 mg mL-1. Adsorption equilibrium data suggested that alcalase physically adsorbed on ZIF-L, with the Freundlich model isotherm model providing the best fit. The adsorption kinetics were well described by pseudo-first order model, indicating that both film and intraparticle diffusion were significant. The activity of the prepared immobilized alcalase on ZIF-L was tested using bovine serum albumin as a substrate. Impressively, the immobilized alcalase retained over 90% of the initial activity after being stored at 4 °C for up to 70 days. A diffusion–reaction model was developed and numerically solved to describe the reaction dynamics, revealing the significance of mass transfer limitations during the early stages of hydrolysis. Furthermore, the immobilized alcalase was used to hydrolyse protein extracted from microalgae, and the bioactivity of the resulting peptides assessed through total phenolic content and radical scavenging activity assays. The findings underscore the potential of alcalase-based biocatalysts immobilized on ZIF-L for applications in food industry, offering a sustainable and cost-effective approach to producing bioactive peptides with health-promoting properties. This research opens avenues for further exploration of MOF-based enzyme immobilization in various biotechnological applications
Creating Web Accessibility Standards for Thesis and Dissertation Submission at Mississippi State University
Get PDFThe Office of Thesis and Dissertation Format Review at Mississippi State University established accessibility standards for thesis and dissertation submission during the spring 2020 semester. This article will look at the rationale for the included requirements and the implementations made by the office’s faculty and staff
The fine for the crime of issuing a cheque without a balance between the ordinary and the relative in the Algerian legislation
Get PDFThe fine stipulated in Article 374 of the Algerian Penal Code took a special place in both the judiciary and legal jurisprudence, as the legislator made it specific to the value of the cheque or the decrease in the balance. The judiciary described it as a mandatory complementary punishment, and this resulted in important consequences, as it is not valid to rule on it alone, reprieve or reduce it. In view of the developments in the punitive policy, the Algerian judiciary, represented by the Supreme Court, considered this fine as an original penalty, and everything related to this description was arranged on it.
This research is a reading of the fine of the cheque in the past, present and future in the light of constants and variables, and its importance lies in changing the perception of the legal protection of the cheque, changing priorities and the introduction of new factors that made the punitive policy take different curves that do not resemble those that prevailed for a long time.
Everything that is attached to the fine for the cheque without a balance is due to the fact that it is not considered among the category of relative fines and is dealt with on this basis. It was considered an ordinary fine understood in a special way, and all this is outside the umbrella of the general rules of the Penal Code.
The researcher tried to give this financial penalty the correct and appropriate legal description. The cheque fine is an original penalty, and the purposes of its imposition must be understood that should be dealt with from a rational perspective. If the substance of the cheque is an amount of money, then the fine is to pay an amount of money as well.
Relying on the cheque and the balance to determine the amount of the fine is a formula that collides with many obstacles, And the amount of the cheque continues to attract legislators. We should go along with this trend, despite its flaws. Today and in the future, we need more effort to judge the feasibility of this exceptional approach