United Arab Emirates University
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Land Classifications in the UAE Law: An Original Analytical Study
Get PDFAllah, the Most High, has appointed man in the earth to populate and exploit it and extract from its interior wealth and overwhelming bounties, as the Almighty has subjugated it to be at his service, easy to walk on and build on, and He made it a shelter, a place of work, a source of livelihood and food. Hence, countries seek to enact legislations that regulate the mechanism of land ownership, define its classifications, control its restrictions, and regulate its uses, with the aim of limiting disputes that may arise in this concern. The United Arab Emirates was not immune from this, as the federal legislator and local legislators in each Emirate enacted relevant legislations. In the Civil Transactions Code No. 5 of 1985, the federal legislator listed several classifications of land.
This article has discussed the issue of land classification in the UAE legislation and concluded that the UAE legislator in the Civil Transactions Code and local laws classified lands into owned lands, waqf lands, dead lands, and government lands. In this classification, the UAE legislator was influenced by the Ottoman Land Law and the laws of the countries influenced by it, especially the Jordanian Civil Law, and therefore the Ottoman legacy is visible in these classifications
Jordanian Constitutional Judiciary’s Oversight of Discretionary Powers Exercised by Legislator When Regulating Constitutional Rights and Freedoms: A Comparative Study
Get PDFWhen regulating constitutional rights and freedoms, the legislator exercises discretion by choosing between the available alternatives to establish legal regulations that enable exercising and protecting them. While doing so, the legislator seeks to strike a balance between rights and freedoms, in a manner that guarantees the public interest. The constitutions have established set controls to ensure that the essence of constitutional rights and freedoms is maintained and that their fundamentals are not violated. Since the constitutional judiciary maintains the provisions of the constitution, this research focuses on the Jordanian constitutional judiciary’s oversight of the discretionary powers exercised by the legislator when regulating the constitutional rights and freedoms and comparing it with the Egyptian constitutional judiciary. The research tackles the following question: what is the position of the Jordanian constitutional judiciary regarding oversight of the discretionary powers exercised by the legislator when regulating constitutional rights and freedoms compared to the Egyptian counterpart? The research adopts a comparative; analytical; and descriptive approach to answer the research question.
The research concludes a number of results; the most important of which is that the Egyptian and Jordanian constitutional judiciaries have both monitored the violations of objective controls committed by the legislator when exercising the discretional powers to regulate the constitutional rights and freedoms. The research also traces features of control over legislative omissions and the absence of rulings related to legislative deviation in the Jordanian constitutional judiciary; in contrast to the Egyptian counterpart, which has exercised control over legislative omission and deviation. The research makes a set of recommendations, most notably extending the Jordanian constitutional judiciary’s control over legislative omission and deviation, making use of comparative judicial experience
Efficient removal of chemical organic demand and total organic carbon from leachate using heterogeneous Fenton catalyst based on activated carbon
Get PDFOrganic components contained in leachates resulting from decomposition of waste are difficult to degrade. Leachate volume and its composition vary depending on biogeochemistry of site type of deposited residues, and the age of sanitary landfill. The present study aims to develop efficient heterogeneous Fenton oxidation of organic matter, expressed in terms of chemical organic demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) of leachate using the newly synthesized iron-modified activated carbon. The characterization of catalyst revealed that the Fe(II) was successfully introduced onto the original activated carbon (AC) and diversified the material’s surface morphology and elemental compounds. The heterogeneous Fenton oxidation showed that under an initial pH of 3.0, and temperature of 60°C, the Fe-AC/Fenton system obtained a maximum removal rate of 99% of COD and 95% of TOC, with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) dosages of 12 mmol/L and the Fe-AC mass of 1g/L. the catalyst regeneration treatments were evaluated over five cycles. We note that our Fe- activated carbon catalyst gave very acceptable leachate treatment efficiency compared to to pure activated carbon, the above results open an interesting avenue for the development of functional catalysts based on Fe - activated carbon for pollution removal. We could make a forecast of the choices and conditions of realization at a higher level
EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF HYBRID VENTILATION STRATEGIES ON REDUCING THE COOLING LOAD AND ACHIEVING THERMAL COMFORT OF BUILDINGS: REGARDING ARID CLIMATE OF UAE
Get PDFThe hybrid ventilation system has shown considerable potential in managing indoor thermal comfort, preserving indoor air quality, and minimizing energy usage. This is achieved by integrating natural and mechanical ventilation. When natural ventilation is unfeasible, the system smoothly transitions to mechanical ventilation to uphold optimal indoor thermal comfort levels. However, the application of this system in extremely arid regions poses a challenge due to the high energy consumption linked to air conditioning and cooling during the summer. In these areas, air conditioning and cooling alone represent approximately 60% of urban energy consumption. This study aims to assess the viability of hybrid ventilation configurations in an office building situated in the hot, dry climate of Dubai. The primary goal is to decrease energy consumption and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions without compromising the thermal comfort of the occupants. A dynamic energy simulation was conducted using the EnergyPlus simulation engine. This included necessary data such as location, weather file, building geometry, construction materials, operational details, and internal load. The results were validated against actual consumption data over a year-long period. The findings suggest that the hybrid system could achieve an annual energy reduction of 23%. The system’s efficiency rose to 29% during cooler seasons, while it managed to reduce energy use by only 13% during hot seasons. Moreover, the hybrid system helped reduce carbon emissions by 20%. This study underscores the potential of hybrid ventilation systems in energy conservation and carbon emission reduction, particularly in hot, dry climates CO2
Create an Educational Programme Based on the Entrance of STEAM and Assess its Effectiveness in Improving Programming Skills and Computing Thinking
Get PDFThe aim of the study is to create an educational program based on STEAM” and assess its effectiveness to improve programming skills and computing thinking in middle female school. The research adopted a semi-experimental design, with two groups, control and experimental, and several tools have been created for that research:
- A test to assess the cognitive aspect of programming skills.
- A note card to assess the performance aspect of programming skills.
- A scale to assess computer thinking skills.
The study sample consisted of forty-six female students, and the study found that: There are statistically significant variations between score average in the two groups (experimental and control) in applying the testing the cognitive aspect of programming skills, in favor of the experimental group. There are statistically significant variations between score average in the two groups (experimental and control) in using the computer thinking skills scale, in favor of the experimental group. There is a significant impact for the development of programming abilities and computer thinking in the educational program based on the STEAM entrance.
The study made of recommendations, including using the educational design model to create learning environments based on the STEAM approach.
Keywords: educational programme, STEAM entrance, skills, programming, computer thinkin
OPTIMIZATION OF IN-VITRO REGENERATION AND AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION OF LACTUCA SATIVA
Get PDFLettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a leafy vegetable consumed worldwide, mainly as a green salad. It is an herbaceous, self-pollinated annual plant of the family Asteraceae. Lettuce is low in calories, fat, and sodium. It is a good source of fiber, iron, folate, and vitamin C. Improving existing lettuce varieties for water use efficiency, photosynthesis efficiency, salt tolerance, increased nutritional content, etc., is the need of the hour, considering that lettuce is a crop ideal for vertical farming in the UAE.
This study aimed to develop a highly efficient in vitro regeneration and Agrobacterium- mediated transformation protocol for a popular lettuce variety, ‘Paris Island cos’ belonging to the romaine type. The study analyzed 11 different tissue culture media- hormone combinations for shoot regeneration efficiency from lettuce cotyledon explants. Murashige and Skoog media supplemented with vitamins, 3% sucrose, 0.1 mg/L BAP, and 0.1 mg/L NAA had the highest shoot regeneration percentage in this study and were used in the Agrobacterium transformations.
The study analyzed the effect of several transformation parameters, such as ‘explant preculture,’ ‘optical density of Agrobacterium culture,’ ‘infection method,’ and ‘time of co-cultivation,’ etc., to optimize the transformation. The highest transformation efficiency of 14% was observed when shallow wounded cotyledon explants from 7-day- old seedlings were transformed under the following conditions: preculture for 24 hours, Agrobacterium optical density of 0.5 at 600 nm, infection time of 10 minutes, and a co- cultivation period of 3 days under 22°C under dark conditions. After optimizing the transformation conditions using a vector harboring the reporter gene RFP, the study further transformed the gene SbSI-1, reported to function in salt and drought tolerance in the halophyte (Salicornia brachiata), and obtained transgenic plants. The expression levels of the transgene were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. The study successfully developed an efficient in vitro regeneration and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol for the lettuce variety ‘Paris Island cos’
CELLULAR AUTOMATA MODELING APPROACH OF ADDICTION
Get PDFThe purpose of this thesis includes the application of a mathematical model, as well as cell automata simulation, to shed light on the behavior of addiction spread in a population. The model describes the key determinants of drug addiction which includes peer influence, availability of substances, support networks, and awareness campaigns. The research aims to gain insights into the underlying mechanisms and patterns of addiction spread to develop effective prevention and intervention strategies.
The study begins by creating a discrete dynamical system that captures the transitions between 4 different states of substance use, including non-users (N), experimental users (E), recreational users (R), and addicts (A). Mathematical analysis is performed to establish the positivity, boundedness, and local stability of the model. A cellular automata framework based on irregular graphs (r-GCA) is developed to analyze the spatial patterns and behaviors emerging from the model’s dynamics.
A wide variety of scenarios are simulated to explore different possibilities, such as peer influence, isolation, substance availability, support networks, and the impact of awareness campaigns. The simulations allow us to see graphically how the model develops through animation and time-series charts which enables the user to determine the thresholds, tipping points, and the effectiveness of the intervention for limiting the addiction spread.
The parameters are carefully selected considering how the addictive behaviors develop. Via a series of simulations, we not only obtain the information we need for designing effective strategies to prevent addiction spread but also, we gained much knowledge about the pattern of addiction spread.
The findings from this research provide a clear, actionable understanding of addiction trends. This is helpful for policymakers and healthcare providers in designing targeted and effective measures to reduce addiction spread. The simplicity of our model on one hand as well as its effectivity on the other is a useful tool in creating a public health strategy. The expected outcomes include a deeper understanding of addiction dynamics, potential control mechanisms, and contributions to the research community and broader UAE society in addressing addiction-related challenges.
The research contributes to a deeper understanding of the complex dynamics of addiction and lays the foundation for future work, including incorporating richer individual-level dynamics, considering the interplay between different forms of addictions, integrating real-world data, and exploring advanced control strategies for prevention and treatment
CULTIVATION OF FOOD AND FODDER CROP MILLETS AND QUINOA IN THE AQUAPONICS SYSTEM FOR SUSTAINABLE FOOD SECURITY IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
Get PDFAquaponics is a sustainable food production technology that integrates aquaculture with hydroponics. This study aimed to evaluate the possible impact of an aquaponics system on the cultivation of pearl millet, finger millet, and quinoa, utilizing water from tilapia aquaculture. The duration of the experiment is six months utilizing the manually constructed backyard aquaponics system. Tilapia fish serves as the principal biological material for nutrient generation in the experiment. This study investigated and recorded water quality indicators, including pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate levels over the experimental period. The parameters of fish growth, including survival rate, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, proximate composition, and production quality, were assessed and documented. In addition to the plant development characteristics, biochemical and proximate content were assessed, along with the nutritional quality of the grain (biochemical and mineral concentration). This study demonstrated superior performance in fish productivity and proximate composition, alongside an enhanced level of grain production appreciation. The generated grains exhibit superior nutritional quality in terms of biochemical and mineral concentration. The crop leaves exhibit enhanced nutrient quality performance. The findings indicated that the aquaponics system can effectively cultivate millet crops, with the nutrients from the aquaponics being efficiently utilized to create high-quality grains. Overall, this research highlights the potential for aquaponics systems to not only enhance fish productivity but also improve the nutritional quality of grains. By utilizing the nutrients from the system effectively, aquaponics can contribute to sustainable agriculture practices and food production
DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHLY EFFICIENT HYBRID-FUNCTIONALIZED MEMBRANES FOR SUSTAINABLE WATER HARVESTING
Get PDFWater scarcity has emerged as a critical global challenge. This problem catches the world interest by events such as the severe drought in Europe during the summer of 2022. While desalination plants offer a solution, their high energy consumption necessitates the exploration of alternative, sustainable water resources. Addressing the urgent need for alternative water resources in the face of increasing water scarcity. A viable option was presented by fog harvesting. Which is a method to collect water from atmospheric fog. This method was initially developed to meet the demands of varieties of sectors such as agricultural purposes, household used and reduce the load on the desalination plants by using the advancements in material science have expanded its potential to meet broader water demands. This research explores enhancement in fog collection efficiency using nanocomposite materials, specifically polyvinylchloride/titanium oxide (PVC/TiO2) and polystyrene/titanium oxide (PS/TiO2). Additionally, the study examines the potential of polyethylene 2,5-furanoate (PEF), a biobased polymer derived from plant sources, as a sustainable alternative to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) for water harvesting applications. An aluminum mesh was employed as the base structure for the fog collectors. After that it was coated with our polymer composite constructed through dipping and electrospinning methods. The coated polymer composites mesh demonstrated significant improvements in water harvesting rates. The findings suggest that innovative material combinations can lead to low-cost, sustainable, and renewable sources of water
ABUSE OF RIGHT TO DIVORCE AND VOLUNTARY SEPARATION : PROSPECTS FOR COMPENSATION IN UAE LAW - ANALYTICAL STUDY
Get PDFThis study aims to explore the possibility of compensation for the abuse of the right to divorce and voluntary separation under the current UAE law. The study begins by identifying the cases excluded from the scope of abuse, with the objective of accurately defining the cases that warrant compensation. It examines the potential forms of abuse in the context of divorce and voluntary separation, and addresses the adequacy of current legal standards in assessing appropriate compensations.The study employed an analytical methodology to achieve its objectives, analyzing relevant texts in the Personal Status Law and Civil Transactions Law, along with other related legislation, and examining a selection of judicial rulings.The study resulted in several important findings, the most prominent of which is that damages resulting from arbitrary divorce or voluntary separation, whether material or moral, merit compensation. It also revealed that current legal compensations are insufficient to cover the damages that one spouse may suffer due to abuse. Consequently, the study recommended the adoption of new legal standards for assessing and compensating damages, with the aim of addressing the existing legislative gaps in this area