CSRC Publishing: Open Journal Systems (Center for Sustainability Research and Consultancy)
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Beating on the Drum of War: The Hausa Fulani Hegemony and Restructuring Agenda in Nigeria
No full textBackground: It has been argued by sections of the Nigerian state that there exists a grand hegemonic game plan by the Fulani at Islamizing Nigeria. Some have argued the current happenings of rampaging banditry as evidence of the plot in itself. As a result of this, some sections of the country are calling the government of the day to “restructure” Nigeria’s federation into a working “true federal” state or have the country seize to exist altogether.
Objective: The objective of this paper is to interrogate the reliability of this theory of Islamization and to investigate the questions that have pulled Nigeria to the bricks of war.
Method: The paper employed qualitative sources and leveraged both academic, grey literature, and newspaper publications as its primary sources.
Findings: The paper found out that the historical suspicion that has existed amongst the Nigerian people since independence is retrogressive and as such anti cohesion.
Implications/Originality/Value: The paper recommends that our common problems of basic infrastructure, security, employment opportunities, social investment among others must be adequately addressed if Nigeria is to halt the drumbeats of war. Therefore, the paper concludes that until the major contradictions inherent within the state are properly tackled, the current problems would continue to reappear even if remedial solutions are found today.  
Impact of Pakistan Bait-Ul-Mal on the Socioeconomic Conditions of the Beneficiaries
No full textPurpose: This study aims to assess the socioeconomic conditions of the beneficiaries who are associated with Pakistan Bait ul Mal and are receiving funds. The target population of this research were the beneficiaries affiliated with the Pakistan Baitul Mal regardless of the fat that whether they have received the programs and services in the given time frame or not.
Methodology: The quantitative data collected was on the bases of telephonic surveys which targeted a total of 155 beneficiaries.
Findings: After a careful analysis of data, it was revealed that most of them agreed that these services have positively impacted on their socioeconomic conditions. The top three influencing factors in this study include the difficulty in application process, monthly household income and employment status.
Implications: The importance of poverty reduction programs along with other welfare plans as a stepping stone towards the most effective welfare state, the significance of Pakistan Bait-ul-Mal can't be denied and therefore the viability of a lawful sponsorship for such projects or organizations has for quite some time been perceived by the policy makers. The seriousness of the research further enhances because of the way that this subject had not been in the spotlight for quite a long time. Consequently, institutional re-building and approach corrections have not been much into training
An Empirical Analysis to Understand Consumer Intention to Use Mobile Payment Platform: The Mediating Role of Trust
No full textPurpose: Money transfer through third-party mobile payment platforms has become common nowadays in western countries. While in developing countries, the adoption of mobile payment channels still at the infancy stage. The current study based on diffusion of innovation theory investigates the antecedents of intention to use mobile payment channels through trust's mediating role.
Methodology: The survey method was used to collect data from the 250 consumers using the mobile payments services of JazzCash and Easypaisa in Pakistan. Partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique employed to test the collected data statistically.
Findings: Results found the significant impact of mobility, customization, and security on trust that intends to utilize mobile-payment channels.
Implications: The current study's findings provide guidelines to the administration of mobile payment systems to improve security features, mobility, and customization that wins customers' trust and is inclined to use mobile payment platform
Human Capital and Endogenous Growth: Incorporating the Role of Unemployment in Determining Returns
No full textThis study reported the returns to Human Capital in Pakistan. The main purpose of this study is to estimate the returns to human capital. In Pakistan, the level of output is dependent on manpower. Human Capital is a significant contributor in the way to betterment in the economic condition. In this study, time series data is used, and co-integration is applied for the empirical estimation. Gross Domestic Product (GDP), education, mortality, enrolment, unemployment, and age are the core variables of the research. Education has a positive impact on productivity. An increase in education level raises the female labor force participation in Pakistan. The presence of children decreases the early age participation in the labor market. The result shows that when the education level is increased, it boosts the economic activity, and the female labor force participation is the main reason that is increasing its likelihood. It is recommended that government should provide better facilities of education to enhance the female force participation in the labor market in the case of developing countries, by providing the best grades and tasks to the human beings both male and female, thus the level of returns by human capital utilization may increase
Jihad, Extremism and Radicalization in Pakistan
No full textPurpose: The purpose of this study is to fill current information cavities in the present material on the determinants of radicalization. The radicalization has badly affected good governance. Education, health, socio-economic and political system are major components of good governance. This research paper examines the emerging trends of Jihad, Extremism and Radicalization in Pakistan.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A survey was conducted a total of 4200 respondents across the country. There was no response from 200 persons and received the response of 4000 respondents, with 2800 people (70 percent) urban and 1200 respondents (30 percent) from rural area. The figure of respondents from each of the four provinces of Pakistan (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab, Balochistan, and Sindh, ), Gilgit Baltistan, and Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK),entities reveals the percentage of population of each area vis-à-vis the total population of the country.
Findings: The results revealed that the causes of radicalization and extremism are as varied as they are abundant. The study of radicalization, Jihad and extremism in both contexts has sought to find out the causes of radicalization. It is concluded that the root causes of the Islamic militancy and religious radicalization in Pakistan are generally religious, political, ideological, economic, and social in nature.
Implications/Originality/Value: This research paper gives a comprehensive viewpoint and analysis amongst religion, radicalization, governance, extremism, politics, Islamic militancy, sectarianism, conflict and identity. The major root causes of militancy and radicalization were traced out which will be helpful to overcome Islamic militancy, extremism, radicalization and sectarianism in Pakistan
The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Work Commitment: The Moderating Role of Organizational Culture
No full textPurpose: The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and work commitment through the moderating role of organizational culture.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A sample of 351 teachers was randomly selected from public sector universities of Punjab, Pakistan. The data was acquired using a self-administered questionnaire. The study used the structural equational modeling technique (PLS-SEM) to test the hypothesized relationships.
Findings: The result showed a differential impact of all the dimensions of emotional intelligence on work commitment. The results showed a significant positive relationship between the interpersonal dimension and work commitment and a significant negative relationship between the adaptability dimension and work commitment. The remaining dimensions of emotional intelligence were found to have an insignificant relationship. However, hierarchy culture moderated the relationship between emotional intelligence and work commitment.
Implications/Originality/Value: The results highlight the significance of emotional intelligence and hierarchy culture for university teachers. The study suggests university authorities to invest in organizational culture to develop and improve emotional intelligence competencies among university teachers to enhance work commitment
Measurement and Determinants of Financial Performance of Modaraba Companies: A Case Study of Pakistan
No full textPurpose: Profitability measurement is a comparative statistic that describes the relationships between overall profit and other financial determinants of the firm.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The focus of this study is to measure the technical (TE), pure technical (PTE) and scale efficiency (SE) scores via Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) of modaraba companies operating in Pakistan. The next stage is to study the empirical relationship between profitability, liquidity, leverage, and macroeconomic performance drivers. Financial statement data for 2010 to 2019 have been analyzed.
Findings: Empirical findings of descriptive statistics, correlation and regression were measured. These empirical results reveal that capital ratio (CR) and operating expenses to net income (OENI) had negative correlation with PTE, SE and TE. Whereas the age of the firm had a negative correlation with PTE and TE and positive correlation with SE, moreover, exchange rate (EXC) PKR to USD, log of total assets (LTA) and management expenses (ME) had negative correlation with SE and positive correlation with PTE and TE. Furthermore, inflation (INF) had negative correlation with PTE and positive correlation with SE and TE. Moreover, number of certificates (NOC) had negative correlation with SE and TE and positive correlation with PTE.
Implications/Originality/Value: Findings will be helpful to the management and policy makers for enhancing future financial performance by concentrating on these economic factors. More detailed and extensive data from the financial and non-financial aspects is suggested to support the hypothesized relationship of efficiency measures and determinants
Accelerating Company Performance through Dividend Payout Policy: A Trend Analysis of Automobile Sector Listed in Pakistan Stock Exchange
No full textThe study explains the relationship of dividend payout policy on the business performance of companies that exist in automobile sector of Pakistan. 100 companies are selected from automobile sector. Relationship of dividend payout policy and business performance was controlled with four variables based on relevant theories. These variables include size of company, growth of company leverage debt to equity ratio and corporate governance index. Panel data is collected from 2012-2017 six years and then analyzed with unit root, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, OLS regression, Lagrange multiplier, Huasman test, fixed effect and Random effect models. Following key findings for each research objective were obtained by applying the adopted research method on the data through the adopted method of analyses: The results showed that the automobile companies showed positive relationship between their dividend payout policy and profitability and it was concluded that both dependent and independent variables are positively related in this sector and size, growth and leverage are the controlling predictors of the relationship
Bidirectional Relationship between Stock Market Decline and Liquidity: A Study of Emerged & Emerging Economies
No full textPurpose: This study intends to examine the nature & direction of relationship between stock market movements, particularly market decline, and its liquidity in 14 selected emerged and emerging economies (G8+5 and Pakistan) for January 2001 through December 2017 by applying Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bounds test and Granger-causality test. Trading value and turnover ratio are employed to measure market liquidity.
Methodology: The study is conducted on a sample of 14 economies (G8 + 5 emerging economies, and Pakistan) for January 2001 through December 2017. Daily basis data for all variables is collected from data stream and Economic Indicator website. Market Liquidity is measured by trading value and turnover ratio
Findings: Results of trading value Granger-causality test highlight the evidence of no causality in Germany & India. Bi-directional causality exists in Pakistan only. Uni-directional causality subsists only in Russia at 10% significance level from trading value to market return. However, from market return to trading value, results demonstrate the presence of uni-directional causality at 5% significance level for Brazil, Japan. Canada, China, France, Italy, UK, USA, South Africa and Mexico. Negative returns are used to represent the notion of market decline.
Implications: Study summarizes the stock market movements of emerging and emerged countries which will be helpful for future researchers and policy makers in their projects
Do Female Head Teachers in Punjab, Pakistan, Receive Sufficient Family Support to Balance Domestic and Professional Responsibilities?
No full textWorking women are contributing on both fronts, both in the domestic setting and in the workplace. These double duties have made their lifestyle and routine hectic. To become successful in the workplace and in the home they need social support from their family. The main objective of this study was to identify the behavior and support that female head teachers receive from their husbands and children to help manage their work life balance efficiently. This study is descriptive in nature. Female head teachers of primary public schools in the district of Lahore were the population of this study. A total of 30 head teachers, in addition to their husbands and one child each, were selected from public primary schools through a convenient sampling technique. Three questionnaires were developed using a five-point likert scale as a research tool. The questionnaires consisted of three sections, the first for the female head teachers, the second for their husbands and third for their children to determine the level of support received by the woman and their feelings towards this. Results of the study showed that government primary school head teachers were not satisfied with the support they were receiving from their husbands, but they are satisfied with their child’s support. To help manage their time efficiently in both work and personal life, women require more support from their husbands to help care for their children and maintain the household