CSRC Publishing: Open Journal Systems (Center for Sustainability Research and Consultancy)
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1354 research outputs found
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Cotton yield and Climate Change Adaptation in Pakistan: Application of Multinomial Endogenous Switching Regression Model
No full textPurpose: Cotton is the backbone of Pakistan economy, as country is the 4th largest producer of cotton in the world. Despite this importance there is steep decline in cotton production over time due to climate change. The need to evaluate the potential of adaptation in improving cotton yield has necessitated this study.
Design/Methodology/Approach: This study is based on the farm household survey of four cotton producing districts, two from each Punjab and Sindh that were purposively selected from heat stress regions of Pakistan. Data were analyzed through multinomial endogenous switching regression model and treatment effect framework.
Findings: Farm management practices were evaluated for their significance in reducing adverse impacts of climatic extremes on cotton yield. Adaptation in the combination of first three strategies observed to be the most successful strategies in increasing yield.
Implications/Originality/Value: For effective adaptation access to credit and extension, education, farming experience, and sources of information revealed to be important predictor
A Study of Rural Females of Faisalabad with Reference to their Knowledge and Practices about Personal Hygiene
No full textPurpose: This study was designed to understand knowledge level and practice of personal hygiene of rural women.
Methodology:This study was conducted in District Faisalabad. Multistage random sampling was used to select the sample. At initial stage of sampling, two towns (Samundari Town and Tandlianwala Town) were selected randomly out of eight towns of District, Faisalabad. Later on, two union councils from each town were finalized and 2 villages were selected from each (four) union councils. Total eight villages were selected for collecting final sample for study. Sample of four hundred respondents was selected from 8 villages by using Solvin formula. At final stage, convenient sampling technique was used to select the respondents from eight villages of District, Faisalabad. A well established interview schedule was used to collect data from respondents. Data analysis was done by using SPSS. 25 and descriptive statistical techniques were applied to describe summaries of visible characteristics of the dataset.
Findings: It was found that majority of rural women have not enough knowledge about personal hygiene and its practice was missed out due to lack of sufficient knowledge.
Implications:Keeping in view the importance of personal hygiene practices, it is necessary to take measures to improve the situation. Hygiene and sanitation education at the individual or household level needs to be clear and simple.  
Assessing Institutional Preparedness of Pakistani Medical Schools towards Curriculum Change Using MORC
No full textPurpose: Changing community needs and disease patterns are the major stimulator for change in medical curriculum throughout the world. The process of change depends on many factors that come under the umbrella of organizational readiness for its successful implementation. Inappropriate planning and low levels of organizational readiness for change will result in failure of change process.
Methodology: A quantitative study design was chosen for this study. Medical school’s organizational readiness questionnaire (MORC) was used to collect data. The questionnaire consists of 53 items further categorized into three scales and twelve subscales. The questionnaire was distributed among faculty members of four medical colleges of Punjab, collected data was coded and descriptive and inferential statistics were applied for analysis using SPSS. Analysis revealed that all four medical colleges were having good organizational readiness to adopt change.
Findings: The results of descriptive analysis showed, that majority of the respondents (47%) were agreed that their medical school, is in preparatory phase, 29%respondents showed that their institute is in more than two years of implementation phase of curriculum change, 23.8% agreed that in their medical school is in first two years of implementation phase.
Implication: MORC is a reliable instrument for assessing institutional preparedness for curriculum change
Impact of CSR on Customer Value Co-Creation Behavior: The Investigation of Moderation Mechanisms
No full textPurpose: This study focuses on evaluating the contribution CSR activities have in encouraging the customers to co-create value for the organization. This study also assesses the moderation of ECI and OCB between CSR and customer VCC behavior.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Using the purposive sampling technique data from 304 employees, managers, and customers simultaneously from the telecom industry in southern Punjab Pakistan. Data analysis were performed through structural equation modeling (SEM) in AMOS v23
Findings: The findings of the quantitative data show the significant and positive relationship between CSR and customer VCC behavior. ECI and OCB also strengthens the relationship of CSR and VCC. As data was collected only from the telecom sector therefore for the generalizability future research can be conducted towards other stakeholders’ orientations in other sectors as health, tourism, and hospitality etc. Moreover, through ECI initiatives, the organization can enhance customer role clarity and perceived value of co-creation, which drive customers to further engage in VCC behavior
Employee’s Performance as a Consequence of Effective Communication and Working Environment: The Moderating Role of Organizational Learning Culture
No full textPurpose: FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) sector has a significant role in the economic development of Pakistan. According to Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, the retail sector contributes 18.6% to the GDP of Pakistan. This sector can use effective communication with a learning work environment as a tool to increase their productivity and at the same time can build customer relations. This is because communication is an essential element used to deal with customers and employees. Whereas, at the same time comfortable work environment is helpful to boost the performance of this sector. The present study aims to examine the influence of effective communication and working environment on employee’s performance with the moderating role of organizational learning culture in FMCG sector of South Punjab Region.
Design/Methodology/Approach: For the said purpose structured questionnaires were developed by using online google forms for collecting data. The sample population was selected from the FMCG sector of Pakistan. Then the collected data was analyzed by using regression analysis and Pearson Correlation via SPSS whilst Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) via Smart PLS.
Findings: The results indicates that effective communication and work environment has a significant influence on employee’s performance and organizational learning culture plays a moderating role between effective communication and work environment.
Implications/Value: This research has used FMCG sector specifically to examine the impact of effective communication hence, further research can be done by using other sectors i.e., Education, Agriculture, IT etc. In addition to that this study is based on the impact of effective communication and working environment on the employee’s performance through the moderating role of organizational culture further research can be made on the ways or methods improve working conditions of this sector
Empirical Analysis of the Macroeconomic impact of Foreign Aid on Pakistan Economy (1972-2014)
No full textPurpose: Although Pakistan receives large quantity of foreign aid, like other developing countries, but it remains more dependent on foreign assistance for economic development since independence. This situation has commenced a vigorous discussion on aid-growth effectiveness.
Methodology: This research work evaluates the macroeconomic impact of foreign aid on Pakistan economy by using secondary data. The empirical analysis is based on ARDL cointegration approach after testing for unit root, using the data for the period 1972-2014.
Findings: The findings suggest there is no long run relationship between Foreign aid and Economic Growth. However, there exists negative short run relation between Foreign aid and Economic Growth of Pakistan.
Implications: Based on the study findings, the study recommends that government of Pakistan should find alternate sources of financing as the relation between foreign aid and economic growth is found negative and insignificant. The in depth analysis of the study made it evident that allocation of aid to those sectors of the economy which really needs development, is more productive, provided that the country should use aid funds in the right direction, as corruption less economy prosper more rapidly
Managing Entrepreneurship from an Islamic Perspective: Supporting Entrepreneurial Schemes through Islamic Work Ethics and Organisational Commitment
No full textPurpose: The study attempts to determine the role of the Islamic faith in fashioning out a management model as an option to other modern management tools in the enhancement of entrepreneurship through Islamic work ethics and organisational commitment. Is a research process that attempts to link Islam with entrepreneurship and management using empirical studies on entrepreneurship from an Islamic perspective (EIP).
Design/Methodology/Approach: In this study, it was outlined how Islam shapes entrepreneurship, and indicated the possibility of considering Islam as entrepreneurial in its outlook. Islam allows and inspires business activity, and shapes the belief system that incorporates the scopes of belief in Allah, the Exalted, and in the Hereafter.
Findings: This study is adding to knowledge that faith-based management model could be relevant as an alternative to other non-faith-based management tools to support the growth of entrepreneurship through the practice of Islamic work ethics and organisational commitment.
Implications/Originality/Value: The research endeavour has major theoretical and applied effects and therefore suggested unique findings for the enhancement of entrepreneurship through Islamic work ethics and organisational commitment
Technical Efficiency Determinants of Islamic Banks: How Do Countries Differ
No full textPurpose: This paper analyzes the determinants of technical efficiency of Islamic banks in eight of the Islamic countries. These include Brunei Darussalam, Jordan, Indonesia, Pakistan, Malaysia, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A quarterly panel data on eight Islamic countries’ banks during the period of 2014 to 2019 is used for the analysis.
Findings: The overall outcomes of the study indicate that banks in KSA, UAE, and Malaysia are found to be more efficient than their counterparts in other five countries in the sample. Banks from KSA and UAE have the same average technical efficiency scores while banks in Malaysia and Jordan tend to share similar average technical efficiency scores. Findings of the study reveal that variables like bank size, return on equity, and liquid asset ratio have a positive and significant bearing while factors like GDP growth rate, Z-score, and capital adequacy ratio have a negative and significant impact on technical efficiency of Islamic banks.
Implications/Originality/Value: The study puts forward some useful policy implications both for managers of banks and policymakers of countries in the sample
An Exploration of the Key Indicators in Holistic Accountability at Public Sector Elementary Schools
No full textPurpose: To ensure sustainable progress in education system accountability comes into play, prompting the researcher to undertake school accountability at public sector elementary schools to gain insight into the prevailing accountability norms within public education as well as to gauge the applicability of a comprehensive model of Holistic Accountability. The study focused on the exploration of the four key indicators of holistic accountability at public sector elementary schools of Islamabad.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Qualitative descriptive approach was used to study of school accountability at public sector elementary schools within public education in the Federal Capital of Pakistan. Document analysis, Checklists and semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect the data.
Findings: Study revealed an acceptance and need for adopting holistic accountability practices at elementary schools, along with transparency as regards to decision making, goal sharing and resource spending with the public.
Implications/Originality/Value: This research study helps to contribute to the literature on school accountability and attempted to seek evidence whether holistic accountability can have some level of relevance in Pakistani context. The study helps to demonstrate the need to extend an understanding of western school accountability frameworks in juxtaposition with contextual complexities
Study of Conflict Management Styles of University Teachers at Post-graduate Level: The Impact of Gender and Marital Status
No full textThe objective of the study was to identify the conflict management styles of Pakistani teachers teaching at the post-graduate level. The study also aimed to investigate differences, if any, between male and female as well as married and un-married teachers regarding the use of conflict management styles. The sample of the study consisted of 300 male and female teachers from five public universities of Lahore district.
We found that collaborating conflict management style is used most frequently by teachers who participated in this study. In this regard, the majority of teachers were found to use the avoiding technique “keep yourself away from conflict” to resolve the conflict. There was a significant difference between married and un-married teachers regarding their competing and compromising conflict management styles. However, no significant difference was found between male and female teachers regarding their conflict management styles. More research may be conducted in academic institutions regarding conflict management skills among teachers. The study suggested that educational institutions may also formulate their teams of expert teachers, which may work effectively during the times of conflicts or crisis