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Ole Rein Holm og Critica: Kontekster og kriterier i teaterkritikkens barndom
Get PDFI denne artikkelen beskriver jeg den tidligste fasen i norsk teaterkritikk gjennom å sette den inn i ulike kontekster. Artikkelen argumenterer for at teaterkritikken er noe mer og noe annet enn litteraturkritikken, og for at teaterkritikkens historie er noe mer og noe annet enn litteraturkritikkens historie. Oftere enn ikke har teaterkritikkens historie blitt skrevet inn som en underbelyst del av litteraturkritikkens historie. Utgangspunktet for artikkelen er teaterkritikeren Ole Rein Holm, og det tidsskriftet for kritikk som han initierte, redigerte og skrev – Critica. Historien om Critica og Holm viser hvordan kritikkhistorien i sin alminnelighet og teaterkritikkens historie spesielt er avhengig av en kombinasjon av perspektiver for å gi mening på historisk avstand.In this article I describe the very earliest phase of Norwegian theatre criticism by putting it into different contexts. The article argues that theatre criticism is something more and other than literary criticism, and that the history of theatre criticism is something more and something other than the history of literary criticism. More often than not, the history of theatre criticism has been written as an under-researched part of literary criticism\u27s history. The vantage point for the article is the theatre critic Ole Rein Holm, and the journal of criticism he initiated, edited and wrote – Critica. The story of Critica and Holm shows how the history of criticism in general and the history of theatre criticism in particular depend on a combination of perspectives to make sense across an historical distance
Brood parasitism on Meadow Pipits Anthus pratensis by Common Cuckoos Cuculus canorus in two mountain areas in Norway
Get PDFIn the period 2001–2014 we studied Common Cuckoo Cuculus canorus brood parasitism on Meadow Pipits Anthus pratensis in two mountain areas; one located in the eastern and one in the western part of southern Norway. In the total material of 211 Meadow Pipit nests, 14 (6.6%) were parasitized by the cuckoo. The parasitism rate showed considerable variation both in time and space, with highest rate in one of the areas in 2005 (35.3%). Cuckoo eggs were quite similar in appearance to host eggs. In spite of this, 30% of the cuckoo eggs were rejected by desertion. No host ejection of parasite eggs was observed. Nest predation rates were rather low. Due to climate change, it has been hypothesized that the cuckoo, a long-distance migrant, may arrive too late to successfully utilize the Meadow Pipit because the latter is better able to advance the breeding season due to a shorter migration distance. Our data lend support to the mismatch hypothesis, but the low sample size regarding cases of parasitism does not allow us to make any firm conclusions. Long-term monitoring of host-parasite interactions in specific populations is important to further disclose the mechanisms responsible for the decline in the Norwegian cuckoo population
Unimaginable Dreams
No full textWritten and directed by Marzia Jamili, a Hazara refugee now living in Sweden, Unimaginable Dreams is an auto-ethnographic essay film that traces Marzia’s last days in Athens, Greece. Blending documentary and fiction, Marzia casts her best friends to recreate magically real versions of her dearest memories of Athens as she delivers a cutting address to Afghanistan, in which she tells the sea about her broken homeland.
This film project seeks to demonstrate the possibilities of collaborative filmmaking as a methodology, particularly in response to the limitations of etic observational approaches in migration research and the lack of refugee voices in public discourse. Through reenactment and Marzia’s epistolary narrative, Unimaginable Dreams resurfaces notions of belonging and citizenship within the imagination, weaving together oneiric and real geographies situated in the past and future. Facing perpetual displacement and public erasure, the film medium offers a declarative space of visibility in Athens, where its maker articulates rights and desires denied by the state.
Unimaginable Dreams is the first production by the Melissa Network\u27s Film Club, a collaborative program cofounded by Brittany Nugent and Dove Barbanel that challenges hegemonic representations of migrant women by empowering members to reclaim the gaze and create narratives of their own. A creative group of women from Afghanistan, Iran, Syria, Iraq, Kenya, Nigeria and Ethiopia share diverse perspectives to analyze their favorite movies, learn filmmaking skills and collaborate on original productions that add urgent personal nuance and depth to migration storytelling
When You Are In The Sea: where can you hide?
No full textThe film follows two fishermen from the Greek village Skala Sikamineas, on the island of Lesvos, who were nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts in saving people crossing the waters from Turkey to Greece. Filmed during the period of relative calm in May 2016, following months where thousands of people passed through the village. Structured around everyday practices of these two fishermen, the film explores their experiences of frequently rescuing those attempting to cross the same waters they navigate daily for their work. These memories are intertwined with an observational approach to contemporary fishing practices, exploring how previous experiences of rupture in daily life continue to inflect and give meaning to these fisherman ́s relationship to the sea.
 
Mémoire transculturelle et discours multimodaux sur la migration -une analyse exploratoire de l’exemple de la «Jungle» de Calais
No full textRecent trends in patterns of mobility, and specifically the spatial exclusion of exiles into detention centers and camps, point to an urgent need to re-examine different forms of narratives on migration and exile, and to the representation of transcultural memory in these settings. The article presents a qualitative and exploratory analysis of the visual and linguistic representation of the orthodox church in the Calais “Jungle”. The findings suggest that the representation of the church contributes to the construction of a collective memory, and that recurrent linguistic and visual formulae, or topoï, such as shared traditions and respect for the sacred, contribute to the commemorative function of the texts and images that represent the church. In addition, the analyses indicate that the commemorative function of the church contributes to the development of innovative modes of contestation and solidarity with the exiles.
 
Trayectorias hacia la libertad individual: el uso de la ironía en la novela El héroe discreto de Mario Vargas Llosa.
No full textThe present study examines the spiritual development of the main characters in the novel The Discreet Hero (2013) by Mario Vargas Llosa, and the aim is to show how irony provides the reader with reflections upon the meaning of individual freedom. The hypothesis suggests that the characters, representing different social and cultural groups of today’s Peruvian society, try to free themselves from surrounding threats and thereby obtain what Isaiah Berlin (1971) terms negative or positive freedom.
The analysis focuses on narrative irony, which operates on three levels of the text: firstly, what it linguistically hides by telling something different, secondly, the discrepancy that emerges between narration and what lies underneath and thirdly, the dialectic ideas that impregnate the text and transmit the ambiguity of the work (Tittler 1984). Ethical irony, according to which the characters of narrative are incoherent figures that pursue coherence (Handwerk 1985), is also included.
The study shows that irony problematizes in what ways the characters perceive individual freedom. All of them experience negative freedom, which emerges when authorities fail in their support and protection of the citizens despite political and economic freedom. In order to obtain positive freedom, individual ethical and social responsibility, knowledge of self and cultural refinement are essential. Through irony, it becomes clear that positive freedom depends on a democratic society and individual values
Une ville vue par des étudiants en mobilité. Etude discursive de l’appropriation cognitive d’un nouvel espace urbain
No full textThe article explores how foreign students discover and experience the space of their hosting city, as reflected by their discourse about the common landmarks and places of the urban space. Our study concerns a specific social group that is in-between a local inhabitant and a tourist staying only a short time in a city – students in the situation of mobility. To study in what ways these students talk about the city, how they position themselves in respect of its space, adopting different viewpoints, we analyze, by a series of interviews conducted with them, how their discourse reveals the process of the appropriation of the hosting space. We examine first how the cognitive appropriation process of a city space is reflected in students’ discourse in general, in what elements it appears and also how it is constructed and developed during the interview. We focus then on the answers to the question concerning a postcard representing Tartu where the discourse of students reveals the best the in-between status of the foreign students, standing between an exterior observer and an “expert” of the city. The most explicit fluctuation between the viewpoints is reflected in personal pronouns use, the more implicit ways are observed in the ways of describing the places, and in the argumentations about the discussed postcard. Furthermore, we also point out the impact of the interview as a disposal for interviewed persons to think about these spatial relations for themselves and for their perception of space in general. 
Que faire de (la mort de) Pompée ? Analyse poétique et politique d’une tragédie double
No full textThis article proposes a double analysis, poetic and political, of the tragedy La mort de Pompée (The Death of Pompey, 1644) by Pierre Corneille. It shows the bold construction of Corneille who crosses two intrigues: an Egyptian one (what to do with the arrival of Pompey?) and a Roman one (what to do with the death of Pompey?). The French poet lends to Caesar, faced with the head of Pompey, a double reaction, worked by the tension between the joy of the defeat of his adversary and the magnanimity that he must manifest to hope to restore civil peace. By inventing a confrontation, absent from the historical sources, between Caesar and Cornelia, he introduces the question of the conditions of the end of the civil war. It thus appears that the poetics of the play unfolds a political thought. Corneille highlights the threat that imperial conquest outside Rome poses for civil peace
