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Whose Power, Whose Language? Exploring Issues of Power and Language in Music Therapy
No full textThis special issue explores the topic of power and language in music therapy in the various ways it manifests within and beyond music therapy. We, the guest editors, are a group of four people at different points of their academic career, some have English as their primary languages and others don’t, we are neurodivergent and neurotypical, living in Norway, Japan, and the US. Our group consists of two music therapists, a musicologist, and an AAC (augmentative and alternative communication) researcher
Dutch and Flemish language, culture, and identity in North America
No full textModeled after Moquin and Wolf’s (2020) survey on North American Icelandic, this study adds to a growing body of work examining the relationship between language use and cultural identity in postvernacular communities (e.g., Moquin & Wolf 2020, Brown & Hietpas 2019). Through 635 responses to an online survey collected as of February 2022, we present initial quantitative and qualitative findings on the relationship between language and culture among Dutch/Flemish immigrants to North America and their descendants. Our results show that strong Dutch cultural identification among a portion of this group does not necessarily correlate with Dutch language proficiency, especially after the first and second generation. The study further finds that respondents find the maintenance of Dutch language and culture only moderately important, although with slightly higher scores for culture and traditions shown in responses referencing Dutch holiday traditions and foods. These views, which come from arguably some of the most engaged members of these communities as respondents to this optional survey, bear important consequences for the future of Dutch in North America. However, initial analysis suggests that Dutch hotspots, especially those which latch onto “Dutchness” for festivals and tourism purposes, experience more successful maintenance. While the number of responses collected here helps to expand our understanding of the roles of language and cultural identity in heritage communities, future research into these “hotspots” and contrasting them with isolated responses will provide further insight into how the community itself shapes these identities
Language and identity in the East Frisian-American (postvernacular) heritage community
No full textThis article reports initial results from an online survey in the East Frisian heritage community in the United States, inquiring about remaining cultural and linguistic practices. Answers from 31 participants indicate a generally positive attitude towards the Low German heritage language, despite low self-reported productive and receptive proficiency. Community members show awareness of the ongoing and inevitable language shift to English but feel unable to stop the trend. This also manifests in terms of identity construction: while autochthonous minority language communities have been shown to employ emblematic language use as a postvernacular identity marker, East Frisian heritage in the U.S. is constructed mostly around church affiliation, food and tea traditions, shared values, and being “German.” Thus, this study opens the door for additional (comparative) studies on the development of postvernacular communities and the (diminished) role of language use in these groups
Diet of three sympatric species of granivorous songbirds in a Norwegian high mountain area during the early breeding season
Get PDFCover photo: A male Lapland Longspur Calcarius lapponicus. Photo: Terje Lislevand.
Stomach samples of Lapland Longspur Calcarius lapponicus, Snow Bunting Plectrophenax nivalis, and Horned Lark Eremophila alpestris were collected at Hardangervidda in an early phase of the breeding season (during egg-laying and onset of incubation) in 1974. Our analyses of diet composition found that plant material, mainly seeds, made up 90, 95 and 97% by number of items, and 49, 66 and 83% by dry mass, in the diets of Lapland Longspur, Horned Lark, and Snow Bunting, respectively. Seeds of Potentilla, Luzula, different Caryophyllaceae, and Omalotheca were important foods for all three species. Seeds of Empetrum were only found in longspurs and buntings, and fragments of Bryophyta were abundant only in the Horned Larks. Arthropoda were dominated by adult Coleoptera (in particular Patrobus spp., Helophorus glacialis, and Otiorrhynchus dubius) and Diptera larvae (notably Tipulidae), and were taken by all three species in small quantities by number of items but made up 51, 34 and 17% by dry mass in the diets of Lapland Longspur, Horned Lark, and Snow Bunting. Food overlap compared asymmetrically between the species ranged from 0.49 to 0.74 by number of items and from 0.43 to 0.74 by dry mass (scale from 0 to 1.0). Recent population declines in Lapland Longspur and Snow Bunting but increases in Horned Larks may have affected interspecific food competition among the three species early in the breeding season. The food overlap has presumably increased over the last decades due to a longer-lasting snow cover over the nesting habitats of longspurs and buntings which has been a result of increased precipitation due to climate change
Merkelappar brukte på bokmål og nynorsk med subvarietetar
No full textMåten vi omtalar bokmål og nynorsk på, er i endring, og frå politisk hald blir det lagt opp til at den hevdvunne målform-nemninga skal erstattast med skriftspråk. Ei anna endring ser vi i omtalen av subvarietetane som i varierande tydeleg grad har danna seg i bokmål og nynorsk. Sjølv om det ikkje er semje om kva konservativt, moderat og radikalt bokmål denoterer, er det ein lang tradisjon for å omtale samanfall i valfrie ordformer på denne måten i bokmål. I forskingslitteraturen og språkteknologien har desse nemningane i seinare tid òg meir eller mindre ukritisk blitt overførte til ulike subvarietetar av nynorsk. Artikkelen utforskar korleis bokmål og nynorsk blir omtalte i nye, tonegjevande samanhengar, og i kva grad endringane i nemningsbruken betyr eit skifte i synet på kva bokmål og nynorsk er, medan hovudvekta ligg på nemningar som blir brukte om subvarietetane av bokmål og nynorsk
Hygienekontroll - er renholdet på Akademiet godt nok?
Get PDFI denne studien ble det undersøkt om det var laboratoriet eller klasserommene på Akademiet VGS Oslo som hadde størst bakterievekst. Det ble gjennomført to forsøk med tre måneder mellomrom. Forsøkene gikk ut på å dyrke bakterier fra kateteret, pultene og håndtakene i laboratoriet og klasserommene på ferdiglagde agarskåler. For å observere bakteriekoloniene ble bakteriene mikroskopert. Agarskålene med prøver fra kateteret og fra pultene på laboratoriet hadde størst bakterievekst, i tillegg til at det vokste muggsopp på dem. Dette var i motsetning til agarskålene med prøver fra kateteret og pultene fra klasserommene, som hadde færre bakteriekolonier. Prøvene fra dørhandtakene i begge rommene hadde omtrent like stor bakterievekst. Det ble konkludert med at bakterieprøvene fra klasserommene hadde minst bakterievekst, og derfor hadde renere overflater enn de på laboratoriet
Er konserveringsmidlene benzosyre og sorbinsyre skadelig for tarmbakterier?
Get PDFTidligere forskning viser til at mennesker er helt avhengige av bakteriene i tarmfloraen. I dette forsøket ble Escherichia coli K-12 eksponert for konserveringsmidlene benzosyre og sorbinsyre for å undersøke overlevelsesraten. Etter at sorbinsyre og benzosyre ble tilsatt på petriskåler med E .coli, ble det observert en redusert vekst av E. coli, og bakteriene ble i stor grad drept
Means of Musical Dialogues and Reciprocity: Improvisational Music Therapy for Social Interaction of a Preschool Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder
No full textThis study investigates improvisational music therapy (IMT) and its influence on the social interaction (SI) of a preschool child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the Czech Republic. This case study tests the use of music therapy as an augmentative intervention for children with ASD. Using a qualitative design and incorporating microanalysis, the aim was to apply methodological protocols of direct and indirect observation on individual IMT sessions. Three SI domains were assessed using microanalysis in this single case study research: a) nonverbal communication, b) sharing, and c) solace. Varied musical features elicited certain intentional behaviors, allowing the interpretation of their meanings. The nonverbal communication studied shows intention to relate, self-awareness, awareness of others, and sharing. The IMT context provides a unique space for dialogues and reciprocity in a protected and settled environment. Children’s improved SI can provide insight into their ability to interact with others. IMT presents promising care for children with ASD, extending comprehensive care by including dimensions of individualization and an intrinsic, non-directive approach, allowing the child to acquire and further develop their own ways of expression for the regulation of SI. Ideas around the quality of SI within IMT need to be further investigated