Voprosy statistiki (E-Journal) / Вопросы статистики
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    Статистический эксперимент для проверки адекватности парных связей на примере оценки влияния секьюритизации на финансовые показатели деятельности российских банков

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    The purpose of this article is to show the role of statistical hypothesis when testing the significance of the results of statistical studies and formulating conclusions based on them. The paper broaches controversial issues related to the influence of the securitization operations (which are widely used in Russia in recent years as a tool to reduce risks) on the main financial indicators of banks’ activities. The authors argue that although the securitization, has proved its effectiveness in the implementation of large-scale government programs to attract capital into the infrastructure, it still carries some unforeseen problems for the banks, which become obstacles in their development. In the search for answers to these questions as a check on were put forward various research hypotheses on the impact of securitization on the financial performance of banks in the Russian Federation. The authors tested the hypothesis using nonparametric statistical tools: G criterion T test and Wilcoxon T-test (signed rank). Based on the conducted research it is concluded that securitization has an impact on the performance of banks by increasing their net income and improving the return on equity, however this result was observed only in highest rated banks, while smaller players in the lending market in the Russian Federation that do not have high credit ratings are not ready for effective implementation of securitization and it is move likely that it will not be beneficial for their performance. The authors demonstrate the possible consequences of errors frequently encountered in applied research, such as testing the null hypothesis without alternative data testing.Цель статьи - продемонстрировать роль статистических гипотез при проверке значимости результатов статистических исследований и формулировке выводов на их основе. Авторы затрагивают дискуссионные вопросы, связанные с влиянием банковских операций секьюритизации, которые получили широкое распространение в России в последнее время в качестве инструмента снижения рисков, на основные финансовые показатели деятельности банков. Сформулирован тезис о том, что секьюритизация, доказавшая свою эффективность в осуществлении масштабных государственных программ для привлечения капитала в инфраструктуру, несет в себе и ряд неочевидных проблем для банков, которые становятся препятствием для их развития. В в ходе поиска ответа на поставленные вопросы для проверки выдвинуты различные гипотезы исследования о влиянии процесса секьюритизации на финансовые показатели банков в Российской Федерации. Тестирование гипотез авторы проводят с помощью непараметрического статистического инструментария: G-критерия знаков, T-критерия Вилкоксона. На основании проведенного исследования делается вывод о том, что секьюритизация оказывает влияние на показатели деятельности банков, увеличивая их чистую прибыль и улучшая показатель рентабельности собственного капитала, но этот результат отмечается только у высококлассных банков, а мелкие игроки на рынке кредитования в Российской Федерации, не обладающие высокими кредитными рейтингами, еще не готовы к эффективному проведению секьюритизации, и, с большой долей вероятности, она не окажет положительного влияния на эффективность их деятельности. Авторы наглядно демонстрируют возможные последствия ошибки, часто встречающейся в прикладных исследованиях, -проверки нулевых гипотез без тестирования альтернативных данных

    Ожидаемая продолжительность жизни в России и факторы, влияющие на нее

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    This article analyzes changes in life expectancy in Russia as a whole as well as in several regions. Mortality rates and health system performance are considered to be the key factors, which influence life expectancy. The first part ofthe paper analyses mortality rates in the Russian Federation from 1990 to 2013. The dynamics of rates in an analyzed period indicate decline in mortality since 2003-2005._Particular attention is paid to the study of mortality in Russia in the regional aspect. A cluster analysis has been made, using the method of k-means. This helped to divide the subjects of the Russian Federation into three clusters in terms of mortality: low, medium and high clusters. The largest cluster of 50 regions is characterized by an average mortality rate. Mortality caused by circulatory diseases leads all 3 clusters. The second part of the paper analyzes differences in life expectancy, depending on a territorial jurisdiction of a region of the Russian Federation. The Moscow region served as a base for the comparison as it was one of the leaders in main socio-economic rates of 2013. Perm region was chosen as a median region of a given rating. The structure of these regions is homogenous in terms of age composition and population type. Life expectancy in both regions has increased by more than 5 years during the study period. It should be mentioned that this figure has risen more significantly in terms of male population. The authors have analyzed dynamic changes in survivorship functions of different groups of population in Moscow and Perm regions for the period of 1999-2013. They have also examined changes in life expectancy for people of retirement age in more details. This issue is particularly relevant, since the question of raising the retirement age has been discussed more often recently

    Социально-экономические потери от распространения наркомании в регионах России

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    On the base of the official statistical data, the article reviews socio-economic consequences of drug use prevalence in the federal subjects of Russia. Drug abuse mongering is a constantly developing phenomenon, which gradually comes upon new spheres of social life. The article analyses the manifestations of various consequences of drug use in the regions of Russian Federation, such as drug-related criminality, drug addiction, mortality caused by drug overdose and intoxication, etc. Experts consider these consequences to lead to a number of socio-economic losses, which adversely affect the economy (especially under the conditions of financial and economic crisis). To evaluate these consequences the author uses methods of calculating territories’ socio-economic losses of the drug addiction outspread in monetary terms on the base of statistical data. The applied methods provide an opportunity to define the interrelations between the indicators of drug abuse situation and actual economic indicators which are significantly differentiated in the Russian regions. The calculations are made for 82 regions of Russian Federation. In order to simplify the comparison of territories by this indicator the federal subjects of Russia are grouped by level of socio-economic losses. The article places a special emphasis on the prospective lines which should be kept in focus of the public authorities and applied science in order to prevent negative consequences of drug abuse

    Аннотации к статьям номера

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    К ВОПРОСУ О ВКЛЮЧЕНИИ В ВВП ОЦЕНКИ НЕЛЕГАЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ

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    Классификация видов экономической деятельности в туристском сегменте экономики

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    The article attempts to justify the classification of economic activities in tourism. In regard to the unresolved, according to the author, the problem of classification of economic activities in the tourism industry as a collective difficulties arise in a number of practical management issues. For example, it is not clear how to define the levels of tax receipts from the tourism industry in the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation. On the basis of international recommendations the structure of the tourism sector of the economy is presented. Suggested is the variant of correspondence table, which provides a link between international and Russian grouping of economic activities in tourism. Are given the Recommendations on the use of correction coefficients that take into account the share of tourism in the activity of enterprises of different industries are given.В статье предпринята попытка обоснования классификации видов экономической деятельности в туризме. В связи с нерешенностью, по мнению автора, проблемы классифицирования видов экономической деятельности в туризме как собирательной отрасли возникают трудности в ряде практических вопросов управления. К примеру, не совсем ясно, каким образом определять уровни налоговых платежей от сферы туризма в консолидированный бюджет Российской Федерации. На основе международных рекомендаций представлена структура туристского сектора экономики. Предложен вариант таблицы соответствия, позволяющей обеспечить связь между международной и российской классификациями видов экономической деятельности, используемыми в анализе туризма. Даны рекомендации по использованию корректирующих коэффициентов, учитывающих долю туризма в деятельности предприятий различных отраслей

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    Voprosy statistiki (E-Journal) / Вопросы статистики
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