Theory and Practice of Jurisprudence (E-Journal - Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University)
Not a member yet
595 research outputs found
Sort by
Запобігання злочинам у сфері охорони державної таємниці, недоторканності державних кордонів, забезпечення призову та мобілізації
Get PDFThe article is dedicated to the criminological characteristic of crimes in the sphere of the state secrets’ safe-keeping, inviolability of state frontiers, levy and mobilization ensuring. The author also analyzed the determination of this group of crimes and proposed the perspective measures of its preventionВ статье проведена криминологическая характеристика преступлений в сфере охраны государственной тайны, неприкосновенности государственных границ, обеспечения призова и мобилизации, рассмотрены их детерминанты и предложены перспективные меры предупрежденияНадано кримінологічну характеристику злочинів у сфері охорони державної таємниці, недоторканності державних кордонів, забезпечення призову та мобілізації, розглянуто їх детермінанти та запропоновано перспективні заходи запобіганн
До питання забезпечення реалізації принципів земельного права
Get PDFProblem setting. One of the main institutions of land rights, without a doubt, you should call the Institute of ownership. Domestic legislation is the implementation of land ownership as a set of powers considering the entity on the ownership, use and disposal of land. Out of these powers is particularly important use it. This is due primarily to the fact that the use of a removal of mineral properties directly from the land. That is, the implementation of the said powers may speak not only of ownership as a set of objective and subjective features, but also consider land as a specific resource. When talking specifically about the actual implementation of land use rights, the observance of public interest, which is to save the state of the area, the environment, ecosystems, etc., occupies an equal, if not a priority, a place in the system of interest with the private. Recent research and publications analysis. At different times, the problems of implementing the principles of land law to disclose how modern Ukrainian scientists and lawyers of other countries and times, including A. Getman, G. Bashmakov, I. Ikonytska, M. Krasnov, P. Kulinich, A. Miroshnichenko, N. Titova, S. Shemshuchenko, M. Shulha and many other scientists. Paper objective. Тhe separation criterion value principles of land law, public policy analysis in the field of purposeful and rational land use and development trends of the state's influence on social relations in order to create lawful behavior of land relations Paper main body. Тask of the state is the statutory principles of land law. In turn, the rights of owners and users of land considered to implement the removal of properties from the land so that in addition to satisfying their own interests, and there was also a strict observance of the laws of the land. However, not only the principles of statutory land law refers to national goals and qualitative monitoring their implementation. Again, given the provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine, which establishes a special significance in the system of national land values may be argued that the quality of this control should be maximum, since it deals with the main national wealth. Unfortunately, the existing system is currently monitoring the use and protection of land, perfect. This is perhaps also due to a large number of land offenses related to incompliance legislation ensuring the proper, efficient and effective use of land in Ukraine. Difficulties in controlling owners and users of land sufficient focus on this inappropriate. The main thing is, what should be emphasized is the inability of the state to ensure the proper use of all land. Thus, the state appears as a goal not only to exercise control over land use and protection, but also to ensure the proper use of land. Provision is, first and foremost, a normative character. And in this case we talk about failure that purpose, that is, the lack of regulatory consolidation responsibilities of owners and users of land, is not correct. The list of responsibilities which make land targeted, efficient and effective, available and one that meets the needs of today. But this raises the question of execution of these duties. Conclusions of the research. Еnsure compliance with state legislation aimed at implementing the principles of land law in the use of land by the respective subject is essential. Specifying the composition of such principles, narrowing their list to the principles of trust, rational, efficient use of land, priority requirements of environmental safety, economic pluralism, it should be noted that it is these principles is not given any advantage in the system of land law, this prioritization is impossible. The following specification is caused primarily by the fact that in this study are considered from principles whose implementation occurs when the use of land. But to reduce the importance of practical implementation of the aforementioned principles and should not be, because it is designed to provide a wide range of interests. In addition, as has been proven, these interests are significant not only for the state but for the whole of its population.Статья посвящена комплексным подходам к пониманию реализации принципов земельного права и законодательства, разработке путей достижения состояния надлежащего землепользования, экономическим и административным средствам, способам и приемам воздействия на участников земельных отношенийРозглянуто комплексні підходи до розуміння реалізації принципів земельного права та законодавства, розроблено шляхи досягнення стану належного землекористування, економічні та адміністративні засоби, способи та прийоми впливу на учасників земельних відносин
Реалії аграрного ринку
Get PDFProblem setting. Government policy on the development of agricultural market is defined by the Law of Ukraine "On the Fundamentals of State Agricultural Policy for the period up to 2015" dated 18 October 2005 р., № 2982-IV (hereinafter - the Law). Of the said Act could be concluded that the State's agricultural policy is a set of legal, organizational and economic measures aimed at improving the efficiency of the agricultural sector of the economy, solving social problems of the rural population and ensuring integrated and sustainable rural development (Art. 1 of the Act). Basic principles of state agricultural policy aimed at sustainable development of the agricultural sector in the national economy for the period up to 2015, consistency and comprehensiveness in the implementation of measures to implement the state agricultural policy to all government agencies and local authorities. The purpose of this article is to clarify the nature of the legal institution as the agricultural market, identify and study the elements of its structure. State agricultural policy based on national priorities and takes into account the need to integrate Ukraine into the European Union and the world economic space. An important role in the organization of the agricultural market belongs market infrastructure institutions that are designed to act as a generator of demand for agricultural products and in accordance with its price. These include: agricultural exchanges, trading houses, auctions, wholesale and retail markets, etc., on which the development of a public policy. Characterize their legal status in detail. Article 17 of the Law of Ukraine "On State Support of Agriculture of Ukraine" provides a definition of the Agrarian Exchange and the basic principles of its activity, according to which such exchange is a non-profit (non-commercial) enterprise. The founder of the Agrarian Exchange may be Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, represented by the Agrarian Fund. In this case, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine shall founding contribution to the authorized fund (capital) of such agrarian exchange in an amount equal to the minimum requirements in the statutory fund resident bank, which has the license for the full scope of banking operations and manages the property represented by the Agrarian Fund. Members of the Agrarian Exchange may only residents. Under the Agrarian Exchange can understand the specific entity that participates in the organized market of certain agricultural products as set out by law. The Law of Ukraine "On State Support of Agriculture of Ukraine", according to the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine "On Agricultural Fund" of 6 July 2005 р., № 543, was created by the Agricultural Fund, which is a specialized agency of the state budget authorized by the state to implement price policies in the agricultural sector. Under the provisions of these legal acts, the Agrarian Fund belongs to the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine, is accountable to and controlled by him. The Fund is a budgetary organization has its own estimates, invoices and performs non-profit activities within the limits set by law. The role and importance of the Agrarian Fund in the modern state agrarian policy is outstanding and highlighted its objectives. Another subject of the agricultural market in Ukraine are the wholesale markets, the legal status of which is defined by the Law of Ukraine "On the wholesale markets of agricultural products" of 25 June 2009 р., № 1561-VI. According to the latter, the wholesale market for agricultural products is defined as a legal entity, the subject of which is to provide the ambassador that are engaged in the wholesale trade in agricultural products, and which as prescribed by law given the status of a wholesale market of agricultural products. The purpose of the establishment and functioning of agricultural and trade houses in Ukraine is accelerating and deepening agrarian reform by creating the market environment, the development of commodity-money relations, more advantageous realization of production and improvement of logistics agricultural producers. The legal basis for the emergence of agricultural and trade houses was at one time (already expired) Order of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of Ukraine and the Ukrainian Academy of Agrarian Sciences of March 18, 1996 р., № 85/17 approving the Model Regulations on inter-regional and regional agro. Today the sale of agricultural products for profit is a necessary final stage of activity of any agricultural commodity. It is therefore very widespread experience fairs agricultural products that represent the movement of goods and money, the buyer gets what he needs, and the seller - financial reward for their work, compensation costs for production and financial resources needed for the next production cycle (seeds purchase, lease the required equipment, etc.). But, auctions and commodity exchanges are relatively permanent measures and institutions, exhibitions and fairs are held less frequently, but with a clear frequency. Exhibitions of agricultural and agro-industrial products and a major event is the biggest exhibition "Agro - ...". It is held annually and allows producers to sell their products to customers (wholesale party). However, its main purpose - to demonstrate the achievements of the economy, establishing contacts with foreign partners, solving industry problems (during exhibitions conferences, "round tables" with a discussion of various issues of agriculture and the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine, the market of agricultural products). Fairs are primarily entertainment and tourist activities in the second - trade. The successful and regular conduct of such activities, not only is the final element of the agricultural and agro-industrial complex of Ukraine, but also elevates the authority of the state, facilitates the development of tourism resources and cultivate patriotism, preserve the good old tradition of the people and upload them young. Exhibition and fair activity in Ukraine is regulated, in particular, by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine "On improvement of exhibition and fair activity in Ukraine" dated 22 August 2007 р., № 1065, approving the Concept of exhibition and fair activities and the Order of the Ministry of Agrarian Policy of Ukraine "On improvement of exhibition and fair activities in the Agriculture Ministry 'of 27 March 2008 р., № 183. The study of the current state of the agricultural market allows conclude that at present the legislation defining the legal status of the components of the agricultural market, namely: the Agricultural Exchange, the Agricultural Fund, the wholesale markets of agricultural products, agricultural and trade houses exhibitions, Fair of agricultural products is not perfect, and not always correspond to the realities of today. It is our belief system analysis and reform of legislation in a position to bring the agricultural market of Ukraine at the leading place in the world economy. To this end, for each of the entities involved in the agricultural market needs to develop a new individual legal act defining its legal status and update existing legislation. Keywords: agricultural market, the Agrarian Fund, the Agricultural exchanges, trading houses, auctions, agricultural products.Рассмотрены вопросы правового положения аграрного рынка Украины, исследована его структура. Определена и проанализирована суть понятий: аграрный рынок, аграрная биржа, аграрный фонд, торговые дома, аукционы, оптовые и розничные рынки сельскохозяйственной продукции. Предложен ряд мер по усовершенствованию эффективности аграрного рынка.Розглянуто питання правового становища аграрного ринку України, досліджено його структуру. Визначено та проаналізовано зміст понять: аграрний ринок, аграрна біржа, аграрний фонд, торгові доми, аукціони, оптові та роздрібні ринки сільськогосподарської продукції. Запропоновано низку заходів по вдосконаленню ефективності аграрного ринк
Про принципи правового регулювання обмежень у здійсненні виробничо-господарської діяльності сільськогосподарських товаровиробників
Get PDFIn the article the principles of legal regulation in the sphere of restrictions on industrial and economical activity of agricultural commodity producers are formulated. Among these principles is primarily the principle of optimal harmonizing of public and private interests while imposing restrictions on fulfilling of industrial and economical activity of agricultural commodity producers. Only the balance between public and private interests under imposing the specified restrictions enables various subjects to achieve their respective aims while realizing industrial and economical activity. Another principle applied under establishing restrictions on industrial and economical activities of agricultural commodity producers is the principle of legality. Restrictions such as prohibitions, terms and obligations are determined by legal rules and embodied in the respective legislative acts. As they are worded in rules of law such legislative prescriptions are binding upon all participants of agricultural legal relationships among which agricultural commodity producers have a significant place. Under establishing restrictions on fulfillment of industrial and economical activities of agricultural commodity producers the principle of the priority of the environmental safety requirements is of great importance. Such requirements under fulfillment of industrial and economical activities by agricultural commodity producers must take priority, since it concerns the protection of life and health of an individual. In the case of abridgement of agricultural commodity producers’ rights to carry out their activities connected with output of agricultural commodity, processing of domestic manufacture output and sales of products first of all it is necessary to secure the respective public interests. These interests lie in the necessity for ensuring safety and quality of output. The given restrictions are imposed on a pro rata basis with regard to agricultural commodity producers having the same legal status (agricultural enterprises or entrepreneurs, specialized agricultural enterprise) or carrying out the same kind of industrial and economical activity (in the crop production or animal breeding). Therefore the principle of symmetry (commensurability) in the case of imposing restrictions on carrying out industrial and economical activity of agricultural commodity producers was distinguished. Key words: industrial and economical activity, the principles of agricultural law, restrictions on carrying out economical activity, agricultural commodity producers.Сформулированы принципы правового регулирования ограничений в осуществлении производственно-хозяйственной деятельности сельскохозяйственных товаропроизводителей.Сформульовано принципи правового регулювання обмежень у здійсненні виробничо- господарської діяльності сільськогосподарських товаровиробників
Емісія бездокументарних цінних паперів як підстава їх виникнення
Get PDFDuring the formation and development of science onsecurities and emergence on stock market of uncertificated securities, the majorityof scientists investigated these instruments of stock market as objects of the civilturnover from the point of view of «bodiless things» or stressed their dualistic naturecomposing features of things and obligations.Recent researches and publications analysis. Such works have been carriedout both by domestic and foreign scientists, namely, V.A.Belov, A.G.Karantsev,L.R.Yudashbayeva, V. Pospolitak, I. Bezklubyi, O. Mozgovaya, D.V. Murzin,V.A.Barulin, V.L.Yarotskyi, G.N.Shevchenko,V.A.Kologoyda, O.Vygovskyi, S.I.Shymonand others.The concept of uncertificated securities emission as grounds of theiremergence and definition of such an emission features has been devoted insufficientnumber of scientific papers.Paper objective. Objective of this article is the definition of the concept ofemission of uncertificated securities as grounds of their emergence, legal nature ofsuch an emission and its place in the civil turnover of uncertificated securities asobjects with capacity to turnover.Paper main body. In the article the concept of «emission of securities» both ascertificated so uncertificated ones given to the employees and economists has beenanalyzed. The author made the conclusion that legal nature of emission of anysecurities is legal composition including sequence of certain actions directed to theemergence in the civil turnover such objects of the civil rights as securities.On the base of the comparative analyses of certificated and uncertificatedsecurities it has been proved that emission of uncertificated securities as grounds oftheir emergence has certain peculiarities permitting to single out these securitiesconcept from the general concept of emission of security given under currentlegislation of Ukraine.Conclusions of the research. It has been given by the author the definition ofthe concept of emission of uncertificated securities as emission legal relations beingthe grounds of their emergence and set up legal ( actual) composition of t certainconsistent legal actions regulated by the rules of law and being part of the legalrelations of the civil turnover of uncertificated securities as objects of civil rights withthe capacity to turnover.To the legal actions that has been taken by the issuer of uncertificatedsecurities for their emergence as certain property and non-property rights it is relatedthe following:1) conclusion of the temporary (preliminary) unilateral transactions as tothe opening of a personal account for the entire issue of emission securities withdepositories and registrars;2) coordination and execution of certain organizational and administrativeactions with the National Commission on Securities and Stock Market of Ukraine.One of the main actions of the issuer is working out and approval of theadministrative acts with the National Comission on Securities and Stock Market ofUkraine in the form of the Terms of issue of securities.3) In the Terms of issue (emission) it is the issuer that takes the certainobligations depending from those rights identifying certain types of uncertificatedsecuritiesПроанализировано понятие «эмиссия ценных бумаг» как документарных, так и бездокументных, которые были даны цивилистами и экономистами. Определено понятие эмиссии бездокументных ценных бумаг как эмиссионных правоотношений, которые являются основанием для их возникновения и образуют юридический (фактический) состав определенных последовательных юридических действий, урегулированных нормами права, и являются частью правоотношений гражданского обороту бездокументных ценных бумаг как оборотоздатних объектов гражданских правПроаналізовано поняття «емісія цінних паперів» як документарних, так і бездокументарних, наданих правниками та економістами. Визначено поняття емісії бездокументарних цінних паперів як емісійних правовідносин, що є підставою для їх виникнення та утворюють юридичний (фактичний) склад певних послідовних юридичних дій, врегульованих нормами права, та є частиною правовідносин цивільного обороту бездокументарних цінних паперів як оборотоздатних об’єктів цивільних пра
Порівняльно-правовий аналіз делегування повноважень органів виконавчої влади органам місцевого самоврядування в Україні та країнах-членах ЄС
Get PDFProblem setting: Development of up-to-date constitutional and legal model of the institute of local self-governance in Ukraine is accompanied by a significant number of problems, related to delegating of state authority to bodies of local selfgovernment. For proper resolution of these problems, it is appropriate to learn about how similar issues were solved in other countries. Recent research and publications analysis: Certain aspects of interaction of bodies of state and local self-government authorities, problems of delegating of state authority to local governments in the context of world and Ukrainian practice have been reflected in scientific developments of O.V. Batanov, V.I.Bordeniuk, Y.V. Deliia, A.R. Krusian and others. Paper objective: analysis of practices of countries-EU members concerning the grounds and order of delegating of specific authority of state power to bodies of local self-government, organization of its realization and control of its implementation, development of proposals of adoption of better practices in the sphere of municipal management in Ukraine. Paper main body: In political and legal practice of European countries there are used different methods of interaction of bodies of state power and local governments, specifics of which is conditioned first of all by one or another system of local management. State governance authority delegated to the bodies of local self-government in Ukraine and European countries is considered as such, that preserves its state and legal character. (But delegation of authority serves the goal of decentralization of public power, making mechanism of providing of public services more available to citizens and increase of efficiency of municipal management.) Legislation of European countries provides for maximal separation of areas of responsibility of bodies of state executive authority and bodies of local selfgovernment. Local bodies of state governance, which names vary depending on a country, have authority mainly within the framework of the questions, which belong to the sphere of competence of the state. Bodies of state power control both implementation of the delegated authority and use of the forwarded means and resources, they are vested the right to give instructions concerning realization of the authority. Conclusion of the research: Adoption of the best practices of European countries in the sphere of delegating of authority is possible exclusively through legal methods. To reach this objective the following steps are suggested: first, adopting amendments to the laws in force of Ukraine, in particular to the laws of Ukraine “About Local Self-Governance In Ukraine” and “About Local State Administrations”; second, passing the law specifically dealing with delegating of authority; third, codification of the legislation concerning local self-governance and elimination of its contradictions and gaps. This will contribute to development of the necessary grounds for optimization of interaction of bodies of local self-government and bodies of state authority, prevention of conflict of competences between them, increase of efficiency of municipal management and implementation of European standards and better practices of the EU states in the sphere of delegating of authority.Рассмотрены некоторые аспекты взаимодействий органов исполнительной власти и органов местного самоуправления в контексте европейского и украинского опыта. Проанализирован механизм организации, исполнения и контроля полномочий органов государственной власти делегированных органам местного самоуправления в странах- членах ЕС. Разработаны предложения, которые касаются внедрения лучших практик в сферу муниципального строительства в Украине.Розглянуто окремі аспекти взаємодії органів виконавчої влади та органів місцевого самоврядування в контексті європейського й українського досвіду. Проаналізовано механізм організації, виконання та контролю повноважень органів державної влади делегованих органам місцевого самоврядування в країнах-членах ЄС. Розроблено пропозиції щодо впровадження кращих практик у сферу муніципального будівництва в Україні
Вина як ознака суб’єктивної сторони порушення правил безпеки під час виконання робіт з підвищеною небезпекою
Get PDFIn the article author analyzed the guilt аs а sign of a subjective side of the violation of the rules of safety while fulfilling risky jobs (a. 272 of CC of Ukraine), mixed form of guilt etc.В статье анализируется вина как признак субъективной стороны нарушения правил безопасности во время выполнения работ с повышенной опасностью (ст. 272 УК Украины), смешанную форму вины и т.д.Проаналізовано вину як ознаку суб’єктивної сторони порушення правил безпеки під час виконання робіт з підвищеною небезпекою (ст. 272 КК України), змішану форму вини тощо
Кримінальна відповідальність корпорацій: проблема визначення вини
Get PDFProblem setting. Today there is a need to holding accountable corporations to criminal liability. There is a question among scientists about the criminal and legal status of the perpetrator and guilt of the corporation. Therefore it is essential to analyse concepts of the introduction criminal responsibility of legal entities. Recent research and publications analysis. It is known various scientists who were engaged in research of criminal liability of legal entities, such as O. Antonov, B. Volzhenkyn, S. Kelyna, N. Kuznetsova, N. Hutorova, I. Danshin, O. Dudorov etc. Paper objective. To analyse options of determining the corporation as a perpetrator and bring it to criminal liability. Paper main body. It is known a few approaches to legal regulation of the institute of criminal liability of legal entities. According to the first variant the legal entity is considered an autonomous perpetrator. The second approach is based on the recognition of a natural person as an only subject of crime. The legal entities is exposed only criminal and legal impact. The third approach provides administrative responsibility of legal entities. There is still a contentious issue about the guilt of legal entities. The guilt as a mental attitude to the offense denotes only individual behavior of a personality and it can not be mechanically transferred to the criminal activities of a legal entity. The guilt of a legal entities must be assessed as a mental attitude of natural persons-heads of a corporation to the action and its consequences. The main argument of opponents of the criminal liability of legal entities is that the action of the corporation cannot have psychological characteristic. That is why the question about the responsibility of the legal entity can put only in that case if it will be established the guilt of a chief this corporation. Conclusions of the research. Today is undoubted about the necessary to holding accountable legal entities for committing multitude economic, ecologic crimes, crimes against peace and security of mankind etc. The main obstacle introduction of criminal liability legal entities is that recognition the legal entity as perpetrator does not correspond with the traditional doctrine of criminal law. That is why must be improved as the institute of criminal responsibility legal entities and as national criminal law.Рассмотрен вопрос введения уголовной ответственности юридических лиц и криминологические перспективы этого института.Розглянуто питання запровадження кримінальної відповідальності юридичних осіб та кримінологічні перспективи цього інститут
Деякі аспекти реформування функції представництва інтересів громадянина або держави в суді за новим Законом України «Про прокуратуру»
Get PDFРroblems of reforming of function of representation by the prosecutor of interests of the citizen or the state in court under the new Law of Ukraine «About prosecutor's office» are considered. The legal nature and features of function of representation is defined. Branch tasks of representation by the prosecutor of interests of the citizen or the state in court are formulated; their ratio with the general problems of public prosecutor's activity is analyzed. The legal regulation of function of representation is investigated. Gaps and shortcomings of its legislative regulation are revealed, offers on their elimination are providedРассмотрены проблемы реформирования функции представительства прокурором интересов гражданина или государства в суде по новому Закону Украины «О прокуратуре». Определены правовая природа и особенности функции представительства. Сформулированы отраслевые задачи представительства прокурором интересов гражданина или государства в суде, проанализировано их соотношение с общими задачами прокурорской деятельности. Исследована правовая регламентация функции представительства. Выявлены пробелы и недостатки в ее законодательном регулировании, предоставлены предложения по их устранениюРозглянуто проблеми реформування функції представництва прокурором інтересів громадянина або держави в суді за новим Законом України «Про прокуратуру». Визначено правову природу та особливості функції представництва. Сформульовано галузеві завдання представництва прокурором інтересів громадянина або держави в суді, проаналізовано їх співвідношення із загальними завданнями прокурорської діяльності. Досліджено правову регламентацію функції представництва. Виявлено прогалини та недоліки в її законодавчому регулюванні, надано пропозиції щодо їх усуненн
Кримінологічна характеристика податкової злочинності в Україні
Get PDFНа основе анализа научных работ и материалов судебно-следственной практики рассмотрены основные количественные и качественные показатели современной налоговой преступности в Украине. В частности, исследованы уровень, динамика, тенденции, коэффициенты и структура современной налоговой преступности в Украине. Сделан вывод, что налоговая преступность как особенное социально-правовое явление в современных условиях является существенной угрозой национальной безопасности Украины.На основі аналізу наукових праць та матеріалів судово-слідчої практики розкрито основні кількісні та якісні показники сучасної податкової злочинності в Україні. Зокрема, досліджено рівень, динаміку, тенденції, коефіцієнти та структуру сучасної податкової злочинності в Україні. Зроблено висновок, що податкова злочинність як особливе соціально- правове явище за сучасних умов становить істотну загрозу національній безпеці Україн