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The Development and the Significance of the Fair Trade Town Movement in Japan (3): With a Focus on the Case of Sapporo City and Rikubetsu Town
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In this article we will try to examine the development and the significance of the fair trade town movement in Japan, especially the cases of Sapporo City and Rikubetsu Town. Firstly, a brief history of the fair trade town movement in Japan is reviewed and the goals and guidelines of fair trade towns in Japan are detailed. One of the six guidelines in Japan, a contribution to the vitalization of the local economy and community, was selected and emphasis was placed on this by the Japanese fair trade town committee and all the fair trade town movements in Japan. Secondly, the fair trade town movement in Sapporo City is described in some detail. In 2008, some members of the fair trade festival committee in Sapporo City started the fair trade town movement there. They are very active in this movement and hope Sapporo City to be
elected as the fair trade town in the near future. Thirdly, the local vitalization movement in Rikubetsu Town is described in detail. Tomoya Akiba, who is the specialist of the local vitalization program, started the movement in 2012. One of his contribution is “machi-choco” (the fair trade chocolate covered with the pictures of local views), which is very popular among local people around Rikubetsu Town. In conclusion, we should keep in mind that we must unite with the local vitalization movement to the fair trade town movement in Japan to realize its goal.departmental bulletin pape
Progress Tracking: Improving English Pronunciation for Japanese L2Learners of English through Group work and Peer Review
Get PDFネイティブ・スピーカーの発音を真似ることができる能力は、多くの言語学習者から獲得が望まれている能力である。本調査では、まず春学期に、CEFR のA2にいる6名の日本人英語学習者―大学レベルの学習水準であり、第二言語として英語を学習している―に、練習のために英語の発音の音声のペアをいくつか紹介した。かれらは4人のグループと2人のグループに分けられ、数週間に渡って、音声のペアの練習と発表を繰り返した。成果には多くの類似点が見られた。特に顕著だったのは、「l/r」と「s/sh」のペアである。どちらのグループも、発音の上達が見られた。しかしながら、教材、接触時間、サポートの割合がすべて同じであったにもかかわらず、2人のグループの上達が4人のグループの上達よりもわずかに速かった。本研究は、英語の授業において教員が発音の指導に焦点を当てる時間はわずかな時間に留められるという示唆を与えている。今後、同様の調査を他集団で継続していく必要がある。The ability to be able to emulate the pronunciation of a native speaker is a skill desired by many language learners. This research, the first part in a yearlong study, introduced several sound pairs of English pronunciation for practice to6Japanese second language (L2) learners of English, in the CEFR A2 band, currently studying at university level. They were divided into two groups, a group of4and a group of 2, were introduced to and practiced the sound pairs over the course of several weeks. There were a number of similarities in the resulting change, most notably with the “l/r” and “s/sh” sound pairs. Both groups showed an improvement in their English pronunciation. However, the pair group progressed at a slightly faster rate than the group of 4 despite all students receiving the same materials, contact time and support. The study concludes with the suggestion that teachers should allocate a small amount of time to focus on English pronunciation in their courses. The study will continue with the inclusion of another group.departmental bulletin pape
National Security and Tourism: Military Culture and Dark Tourism in KOREA
Get PDFThis paper describes Dark Tourism in South Korea. Since the Korean War truce of 1953, a military demarcation line (MDL) has been drawn between South Korea and North Korea. In the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) extending 2km to the north and south of the MDL possession of arms is prohibited, and the entry of civilians severely restricted.
In Korea, many observatories and tourist facilities can be found along the DMZ. They comprise tourist spots for reflecting on national security, and at the same time, provide spaces for making a pilgrimage into dark memory.
Self-naming ourselves as ‘Tourist Ethnographers’ , we went to a number of these tourist spots, for example, observatories, museums, materials centers, tunnels dug by the army of North Korea, abandoned stations, war sites from the Korean War, and so on.
Through these visits, we were able to discover that these tourist spots related to the Korean War comprise boundary spaces, located at the juncture between the ordinary and the extraordinary.departmental bulletin pape
The Development and the Significance of the Fair Trade Town Movement in Japan (2): With a Focus on the Case of Nagoya City
Get PDFFirstly, the definition of fair trade is given and the complementary nature of the two different types of fair trade, the “Union” type and the “Label” type, are explained. As these types are often combined, they are thought to have contributed to the expansion of the Japanese fair trade business.
Secondly, a brief history of the fair trade town movement is outlined. The movement started in Garstang in England in April 2000 and, since then there are more than 1,700 fair trade towns all over the world (2015), with the number still increasing.
Thirdly, the goals and guidelines of fair trade towns are detailed. The fair trade town movement was born in England, therefore most of its goals and guidelines are based on English concepts, however some goals or guidelines are set individually by each country.
Fourthly, the fair trade town movement in Japan and especially in Nagoya City is described in some detail. In Nagoya City, the second fair trade town in Japan, a very active movement developed. Several towns in Japan, such as Kumamoto, Sapporo and Tokyo, are also participating in this movement, where a network of fair trade towns was eventually established.
Finally, the achievements and the significance of the Japanese movement are compared with other social and cultural movements like the ethical consumption movement, the ‘chisan-chishou’ (local production for local consumption) movement, and the ‘chiiki-kassei-ka’ ( local vitalization) movement.
In conclusion, we should keep in mind that the fair trade town movement is as much a social reform movement as it is an economic activity. As a consequence, we should reconsider our initial thoughts to fully understand this movement’s goals.departmental bulletin pape
Existential and Possessive Expressions in Thai Language
Get PDFThis paper is concerned with Existential and Possessive expressions in Japanese and Thai. Existential and Possessive expressions in Japanese are classified into existence, possession, belonging, special characteristic, internal existence, external existence, subset(of the entire set), and event.
Although they have the same expressional forms in Japanese, in Thai existence is expressed “preposition + Y(existence place) + mii(มี) + X(existential things) + yuu(อยู่)”, and possession, belonging, special characteristic, internal existence, external existence, subset (of the entire set) are expressed “Y (possessor) + mii(มี) + X(possession) ” .
After having compared these two languages, this paper shows the differences between these two languages. If the existing place is a living thing, the place is considered as a possessor. On the other hand, if the existing place is not a living thing, the place is considered as a location.departmental bulletin pape