Nagasaki University of Foreign Studies Repository / 長崎外大リポジトリ
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Progress Tracking: Differentiating English Sounds to Aid Pronunciation Improvement for Japanese Learners through Cooperative Learning
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Developing pronunciation is a difficult skill that many overlook with the hopes that it will correct itself throughout the learning process. For this research, six Japanese university CEFR A2 learners of English were divided into a group of four and two, respectively. They were tasked with enunciating various English sound pairs for the first part of the study, followed by keeping a pronunciation diary about their practices for the second part whilst being exposed to poetry that was specifically designed to test English pronunciation. It was found that the diary was a valuable Assessment for Learning (AfL) tool, and pair work was a more effective method than group work for pronunciation development.
概要
発音を良くすることは、学習の過程で自然と直ることを期待し、多くの人が見落とす難しい技能である。この研究では、日本の大学生六名の英語のCEFR A2英語学習者をそれぞれ四名と二名のグループに分けた。一番初めの研究では、練習の発音の日誌をつけることが求められた。様々な音の組の英語を明瞭に発音すること、そして次の研究では英語の発音のテスト用に特別に作られた。参加者に色々な英語の発音を厳しく練習させるために、特別な詩をあげた。日誌は学習手段において貴重な評価（Assessment for Learning - AfL）であり、発音を伸ばす事は、グループ学習よりも二人組学習の方がより効果的な方法であるということがわかった。departmental bulletin pape
日本人学習者のための韓国語の擬声語・擬態語の教育案―漫画、童話、ドラマの翻訳本を中心に―
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본 연구에서는 일본의 만화 , 동화 , 드라마의 한국어 번역본을 대상으로 의성어 • 의태어의 한국어 번역 양상을 조사하였다 . 이에 따라 ‘의성어 • 의태어 + 용언’ 의 형태의 목록을 선정하고 교육 방법 을 고찰하였다 . ‘의성어 • 의태어 + 용언’ 의 목록은 306 개를 추출하였다 . 한국어 교재에서는 볼 수 없었던 어휘의 확장이 특징이라고 할 수 있다 . 번역된 의성어 • 의태어의 목록은 만화 , 동화 , 드라마 에 나타난 ‘의성어 • 의태어 + 용언’ 의 형태로 문맥의 흐름을 알 수 있도록 번역도 함께 제시하였다 . 다음으로 ‘의성어 • 의태어＋용언’ 의 목록을 양상별로 나누었다 . 제 1 유형은 46 개 , 제 2 유형은 43 개 , 제 3 유형은 27 개 , 제 4 유형은 189 개이다 . 학습자에게는 의성어의태어가 어떤 어휘와 함께 공 기관계에 있는지 , 어떤 문맥에 사용되는 어휘인지를 명백히 밝혔다 . 만화 , 동화 , 드라마의 예문을
통하여 교육안을 제안하였다 . 학습자에게 의성어 • 의태어에 흥미를 유발시키고 효율적인 학습이 될 수 있도록 교수모형을 제안하였다는데 의의가 있다 .論文中85、86、87、88、95、96、98、103ページの漫画・ドラマ画像は著作権の都合により削除しています。departmental bulletin pape
The Effectiveness of Bilingual Education in Japan: A Way Forward
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Japan favours English as their preferred language in bilingual education. However, access to programs can be limited, teaching methodologies have shown to be inconsistent, and revised curriculum guidelines for English education have proven problematic for educators. This report aims to discuss English as a global language and its position as a front-runner in bilingual education in Japan, highlight challenges for educators, and offer possible solutions for more effective English education.
概要
日本ではバイリンガル教育において英語が好まれる。しかしながら、教育プログラムに触れる機会には限りがあり、教育方法も一貫性がなく、英語教育のためのカリキュラム改正指針は教育者にとって問題であることが明らかにされている。この報告書の目的は、グローバル言語としての英語と日本におけるバイリンガル教育の最有力候補としての英語の地位について議論し、教育者にとっての問題点を浮き彫りにし、より効果的な英語教育のための解決法を提示することである。departmental bulletin pape
The Commercialization of Words and Phrases: Focusing on the Use of Wadai ‘topic’ in the Titles of Magazine Articles
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Some commonly used Japanese expressions exhibit what the author calls advertisement-like nuances. These expressions often leave an impression of exaggeration because they are used in such a way that they are expected to convey something more than their lexical meanings. These expressions have undergone a commercialization-process which gives them the functions of advertisement, exaggeration, and situation shift in the author’s terms. In this paper, the author attempts to describe the characteristics of these advertisement-like expressions through the analysis of the expression wadai, or “topic,” as they appear in the titles of magazine articles. For this purpose the magazine article database Web-OYA and the analysis tool KH Corder were used. The results of the analysis suggest that meanings resulting from commercialization are present in the use of the wadai- expression in the titles of magazine articles, although those new meanings are not necessarily expected to be added to the lexical meanings of the expression in the future.departmental bulletin pape
Strategy Instruction in the Teaching of Listening Comprehension: Using Metacognitive, Affective, and Social Strategies to Develop Listening Skills
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Teaching listening comprehension is central to all foreign language study programs. However, teaching listening in the classroom is insufficient. It is essential that language instructors train students in how to listen by teaching listening strategies. By incorporating metacognitive, affective, and social learning strategies into listening comprehension classrooms, instructors enable students to develop as independent language learners and to maximize opportunities for the development of listening comprehension in language learning.
概要
リスニング教育は、すべての外国語教育プログラムの要だ。しかし、ただ単に教室内でリスニング教育を行うだけでは不十分である。語学講師は生徒たちにリスニングストラテジーを伝授し、「リスニングの方法」を学ばせなくてはいけない。メタ認知ストラテジー、情緒的ストラテジー、そして社会的ストラテジーを授業の中にうまく組み込むことで、講師は生徒たちを自立した語学学習者に育て、リスニング力発達の機会を最大化することができる。departmental bulletin pape
Through Hanjimono (判じ物) to Enlightenment: The Pictural Heart-Sūtra (般若絵心経)
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Even considering Japan’s high literacy rates during the early modern period, it is rather unlikely, that the majority of the Japanese population would have been able to read and understand an important Buddhist text like the Heart Sutra, 般若心経. This naturally posed a problem for the monastic schools, who competed with the rather easy to practice Pure Land and Amida schools, and needed to become more accessible to their lay-supporters. An answer to this problem presented itself in the form of Hanjimono (判じ物), rebus-like allusions, using pictures to represent words or parts of words. Usually used for playfull riddles, artists would also use Hanjimono to represent their names and sometimes even short subversive slogans. It were monks from the Tohoku area who adopted Hanjimono to represent the Heart Sutra and thus helped to make it accessible to the illiterate lay people. The considerations behind that practice are topic of this paper.
概要
江戸時代に日本の高い識字率にもかかわらず、一般の日本人は般若心経の様な代表的な仏教の経文を読める事が不可能であっただろう。この問題を解決するために普段言葉遊びに使われた判じ物が利用される事になった。東北の寺で制作が始まった判じ物の絵般若心経は全国に広まった。この絵般若心経の意図するところを明らかにするのが、本論文のテーマである。departmental bulletin pape
Vertically Integrated Branding: A Study of the American Shipping Brewers, 1875-1900
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Until the last quarter of the nineteenth century, technological and scientific barriers had protected American brewers from distant competitors. The first national shipping brewers upended that paradigm by introducing growth models which necessitated foreign market penetration. Though they were neither the first nor necessarily the largest mass-producing brewers for much of the period, the modern brewing industry reflects these early models and for good reason. The shipping brewers’ phenomenal success relied heavily on vertical integration with which they exploited economies of scale, secured supply chains, and penetrated new markets. Most importantly, their newly established firms along the production path also served as marketing platforms from which the brewers developed and disseminated their brand “personalities.” Every step, from production to transportation to distribution, demonstrated the symbiotic nature of the shipping brewers’ brand building approach. Their capital intensive production methods allowed brewers to operate on thinner margins while
also lending the shipping brewers a “mass production mystique.” Their railroad companies not only provided access to far-flung locales, they also served as mobile billboards. Their tied-house saloons not only ensured steady sales but also linked their brands to luxury and refinement in an age when Americans were increasingly seeking validation in consumer goods. Ultimately, the more and better beer they could produce, the more effective were their advertisements--and vice versa. This dynamic explains how a handful of midsized breweries of mid-sized American cities came to dominate the industry by the end of the century.
概要
19世紀の最後の四半世紀までは、アメリカのビール醸造業者は技術的、科学的な障壁によって遠方の競合他社から保護されていた。初めて全国出荷を果たした醸造業者は、外国市場へ参入することが必要な成長モデルを導入することによって、そのパラダイムを逆転させた。現代の醸造業者は最初の、もしくは当時の多くの間最大規模の大量生産業者ではなかったのであるが、良い理由があってこれらの初期モデルを反映した。全国展開する醸造業者の驚異的な成功は、彼らの経済規模、安定サプライチェーン、および参入した新たな市場を活用した垂直統合に大きく依存していた。最も重要なのは、彼らが新たに設立した企業はまた、生産経路に沿って、商業的な基盤として働いたことであり、そこから自分たちのブランドを開発し、ブランドの「個性」を普及させたことである。製造から輸送、配送へのすべてのステップ
は、全国展開する醸造業者のブランド構築のアプローチの象徴的な性質を明らかにした。彼らの資本集約的な製造方法はまた、より薄利で運営することを可能にし、「大量生産の神秘性」を与えた。彼らの経営する鉄道会社は、遠く離れた場所へのアクセスを提供するだけでなく、広告宣伝車を務めていた。彼らの直営パブは、着実に売上を確保しただけでなく、アメリカ人がその眼鏡にかなう商品をより強く求めていた時代に、自社のブランドに豪華さと洗練された感じを与えた。究極的には、彼らがより多くより良いビールを作ることが出来れば、広告はより効果的になり、その逆もまた真であった。この動きは、中規模アメリカの都市の一握りの中規模ビール醸造所が、とのようにして今世紀末までに、業界を支配するようになったかの説明となる。departmental bulletin pape