Psychological Thought (Journal)
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THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PARENTAL ATTACHMENT AND THE PARENTING: A REVIEW AND PRELIMINARY META-ANALYSIS
Full text linkAccording to the internal working model, attachment is rooted in one's previous interactive experience, which can affect further interpersonal relationships through reaction to others, including the parent-child relationships. However, no meta-analysis examining the link between parental attachments and parenting styles was done before. This meta-analysis study aimed to examine the associations between parents' patterns of attachment and parenting styles. Sixteen published articles and 2342 participants were included in the analysis. It was found that parental secure attachment correlated with positive parenting, but no significant negative correlation emerged between secure attachment and negative parenting. Regarding maternal insecure attachment, the results showed it correlated with positive parenting negatively and significantly. Also, there was a significant association between the insecure attachment and negative parenting. This research suggests that parental attachment pattern is linked to parenting styles
DO EGO-RESILIENCY, SELF-EFFICACY AND LIFE ORIENTATION PREDICT SELF-ESTEEM OF TOP WORLD MAGICIANS? AN INTERNATIONAL STUDY
Full text linkPerforming as an illusionist requires having adequate internal and personality resources. These determine the success of stage performance and have an impact on how an individual perceives self, and influence the self-esteem. The aim of the article is to determine how ego-resiliency, self-efficacy, and optimism influence the self-esteem of top-world magicians. A group of 50 top world magicians – world champions of magic – took part in the research. The participants were surveyed using the Self-Esteem Scale (SES), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), the Ego-Resiliency Scale (ER11), and the Life Orientation Test (LOT-R). Results showed positive, statistically significant correlations between self-esteem and: self-efficacy, ego-resiliency dimensions, and positive life orientation amongst the surveyed sample. Moreover, stepwise regression analysis allowed determining predictors of self-esteem, where the strongest one was optimism
THE ROLE OF THE PERFORMING ARTS IN IMPROVING AND MAINTAINING OUR WELL-BEING DURING & POST-COVID PANDEMIC
Full text linkThis editorial presents some key domains with explorations of the benefits of the Performing Arts and how these can be practically applied globally across our current COVID pandemic landscape and beyond. More than ever before there is a need to acknowledge that, despite complex logistics and ethical and economic issues in delivering effective performing arts programs for health and well-being, its evidence-based benefits cover a range of disciplines, from psychology to anthropology, sociology to medicine making the approaches transdisciplinary, and enriching end-users lives throughout, but not exclusively, in their coproduction. Performing arts programs may also offer the way for alternative solutions and pathways where conventional approaches may have reached the end of the road and helping to embed biopsychosocial models of wellbeing promotion through social prescribing. The COVID pandemic has offered the opportunity to revisit how we look at prevention, promotion, management, and treatment of ill-health in unprecedented adversity. This editorial hopes to start this important conversation
PROCRASTINATION AND WORKING STYLES IN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS: DOES GENDER MODERATE THIS RELATIONSHIP?
Full text linkIn this study were examined procrastination and working styles among 142 male and female high school students in Serbia. Specifically, the aim was to investigate the relationship between the tendency to procrastinate and working styles when gender was introduced as a moderator variable. Irrational Procrastination Questionnaire was used to assess procrastination, whereas working styles were measured by the Working styles Questionnaire. Conducted two-factorial MANOVA revealed that the relationship between procrastination behavior and a composite of work hard, hurry up, be strong, be perfect, and please others working styles was moderated by gender (i.e. procrastination x gender interaction was statistically significant). In addition, univariate analysis (two-way ANOVA) revealed that only the relationship between procrastination and working style hurry up was moderated by gender. Simple effects analysis indicated that this working style was almost equally expressed between male students with a low and high propensity to procrastinate their obligations, while female students with a highly expressed tendency to procrastination showed evidently stronger preference to work under the time pressure and to delay work until it becomes urgent in comparison to female students who tend to procrastinate less
THE FAMILY WELL-BEING: A DYADIC ANALYSIS OF PARENT-CHILD RELATIONSHIP QUALITY
Full text linkThe family's emotional psychological and social well-being is influenced by how parent-child relations quality is perceived by each other, both of the child and father, as well as the child and the mother. This study focused on the dyadic analysis of parent-child quality relationships prediction on the emotional, psychological, and social well-being of the family members in Indonesia. The study involved 230 dyads comprised of fathers, mothers, and children who completed the Revised Parent-Child Interaction Questionnaire measuring the parent-child relationship quality and the Mental Health Continuum Short Form (MHC-SF) to measure family well-being. Adopting the actor–partner interdependence model (APIM) and structural equation modeling (SEM) as the statistics technique, the results showed that in general, no partner’s effect was found. To be specific, dyadic relations between father and child showed an actor’s effect influencing their well-being. On the other hand, the dyadic relations between child and mother showed neither the actor’s effect nor the partner’s effect on their well-being. The study highlights the vital role of fathers and adolescents in their own well-being
PERSONAL FACTORS AS PREDICTORS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS AMONG INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS
Full text linkDisplacement as a result of conflict or insurgency creates a permanent scar on the survivor with physical, psychological and social sequels; however personal factors play a significant role. Therefore, this study investigated personal factors as predictors of psychological distress among internally displaced persons in Maiduguri, Nigeria. In this cross-sectional study of survey type, the multi-stage sampling techniques were employed, and cluster sampling techniques were used to select two Internally Displaced Persons’ (IDPs) camps. Two hundred and one IDPs residing in the camps were selected using purposive sampling techniques. Their age ranged between 18 and 65 years (M = 37.2; SD = 1.6). The results of Multiple Regression analysis showed that personality traits and a demographic factor (sex) jointly predicted psychological distress among IDPs. The variables jointly accounted for 22% variation R2 = .215 on psychological distress. Regarding the individual contribution, neuroticism ß = .166; t = 2.34; p .05, conscientiousness ß = -.233; t = -3.36; p .05, openness to experience ß = -.169; t = -2.45; p .05 and sex ß = -.352; t = 5.17; p .05 made a significant prediction on IDPs psychological disturbances. The findings of this study revealed that the personal characteristics of an individual had a predictive influence on psychological distress among IDPs in Maiduguri, Nigeria
DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF A SCALE OF NON-THEISTIC SPIRITUALITY: CONTRIBUTIONS OF SPIRITUALITY TO THE LOCUS OF CONTROL
Full text linkThe present study aims to compare measures of spirituality and religiosity in the experience of the locus of control. For this purpose a scale of non-theistic spirituality (Spiritual Awareness Scale) was developed to better distinguish spirituality from religiosity. The sample included 279 participants, 86 males (30.8%) and 193 females (69.2%), aged between 17 and 69 (M = 24.42, SD = 9.463). The results showed that the Spiritual Awareness Scale has acceptable psychometric characteristics as also good convergent and practical validity. The findings revealed that spirituality and religiosity affect the perception of the locus of control in opposite ways: the greater the spirituality, the greater the feeling of personal control over life events; and the greater the religiosity, the more the feeling of lack of control. These results raise important questions about the operationalization of both concepts of spirituality and religiosity
THE ROLE OF NUMERACY AND IMPULSIVITY IN INTERTEMPORAL CHOICE AND DECISION MAKING
Full text linkA growing body of research has indicated a relationship between numeracy and decision making and that lower numerate people display more disadvantageous decisions. In the domain of intertemporal choice, researchers have long been using impulsivity to address choice preference. To further illuminate the psychological mechanisms of making intertemporal choices, the present study examined the role of impulsivity and numeracy in intertemporal choice, in the presence of each other. The study adopted both subjective and numeracy scales. These scales correlated with each other and with intertemporal choice preference. Moreover, it was found that after controlling for impulsivity, the object numeracy was significantly associated with choice preference, with higher numerate participants showing a stronger preference toward the later larger gains over the sooner smaller gains. Thus, the study indicated that intertemporal choice preference could be attributed to both impulsivity and numeracy
EMPIRICAL STUDY OF PERSONALITY AND WELL-BEING
Full text linkNowadays, in psychological science, health is regarded as a multidimensional construct, which comprises not only the negative aspects of human existence but also the positive mental functioning and well-being of human being. In this context, the article herein aims at exploring the interrelationship of temperament and character with the subjective well-being of Bulgarians. The results obtained in the presented study of 443 persons from Bulgaria (men and women aged 18 to 65 M = 34.35, SD = 5.046) indicated that there was a statistically significant influence of the predictors: Self-Direction, Self-Transcendence, Positive and Negative Affect on Life Satisfaction. A significant influence was found about some predictors as Novelty Seeking, Harm Avoidance, Persistence, Self-Directedness, and Self-Transcendence on Positive Affect. Finally, a significant influence was found of the predictors: Harm Avoidance, Self-Directedness, and Self-Transcendence on Negative Affect
AGE AND GENDER-RELATED DIFFERENCES IN MONEY BELIEFS AND ATTITUDES
Full text linkThis article presents research on the relationships of gender role identification, biological sex, and age to the beliefs and behaviors about money. The participants were 240 whose age varied from 17 to 91 years (M = 38.68, SD = 1.81). Bulgarian adaptations of Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI) and Furnham's Money Beliefs and Behavior Scale (MBBS) were used. The results indicated that people with different gender role patterns (masculine type, feminine type, androgynous type, undifferentiated type) differed in their beliefs and behaviors towards money. According to the results of this research, biological sex was related to male attitudes and beliefs that money could be the main purpose and value, and may be used to demonstrate excellence. The data showed that women tended to feel more tension, anxiety, and guilt when spending money, and also perceived money as a means of security and protection. The assumption that the participants from different age groups would have different beliefs and attitudes about money was also confirmed