International Journal of Health Studies (IJHS - Shahroud University of Medical Sciences)
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The Comparison between Acute Effect of Citrullin Malate Different Doses on Aerobic and Anaerobic Power as Well as Lactate and Blood Urea Level in Young Soccer Players
Get PDFBackground: It has been suggested that citrulline malate (CM) is one of the effective supplements to improve exercise performance and fatigue resistance. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of consumption of CM at various doses on aerobic power, anaerobic power, as well as plasma levels of lactate and urea in young soccer players.
Methods: In this semi-experimental study, performed at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (2018), through targeted sampling, 40 trained young soccer players with were selectively classified into 4 homogenized groups based on their Vo2max value including low dose (LD) (4g), medium dose (MD) (8g), high dose (HD) (12g), and sugar solution control (C). The supplements were taken slowly within 15 minutes 1 hour prior to the tests. Then, the yoyo recovery test-level 1 and the Repeated-Sprint Ability (RSA) were used to evaluate their aerobic and anaerobic capacity, respectively. Blood biomarkers were also measured in the first 10 seconds after RSA test. Further, one-way ANOVA test was employed for data analysis. Significance level was set at 0.05.
Results: The results showed that among the groups, the higher and lower values belonged to (respectively) Vo2max in HD and LD (51.13±6.22, 47.62±4.16), for RSA in HD and MD (34.11±6.34, 30.11±5.6), for urea in HD and LD (4.64±1.3, 4.16±1.46) and for lactate in C and MD (107.27±5.08, 103.66±7.34) groups (mean±S.D), respectively. There was no significant association between the groups for VO2 max value, RSA records as well as plasma levels of urea and lactate in response to taking different doses of CM (Pvalue>0.05).
Conclusions: The results indicated that acute supplementation of CM at different doses did not affect aerobic and anaerobic power, or blood levels of lactate and urea
The Effectiveness of Cognitive Training Method and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on the Metamemory in the Students with Special Learning Disorders
Get PDFBackground: The present study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of cognitive training method and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the metamemory in the students with special learning disorders.
Methods: The study has been conducted based on a semi-experimental design of pretest-posttest type with control group. Forty-five students were selected based on a purposive sampling method and assigned to two groups, a control group and an experimental group (each containing 15 individuals) based on a simple randomized method. One of the experimental groups received cognitive training for a period of 20 to 30 sessions, each 45 minutes (twice a week) and the other group was subjected to transcranial direct current stimulation for 20 minutes during ten consecutive days. The statistical method of choice was multivariate covariance analysis (ANCOVA). Significant level was set at 0.05.
Results: The results of data analysis using covariance analysis indicated that both of the cognitive training method and the transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) were effective in the metamemory (Pvalue<0.01).
Conclusions: Cognitive training and the transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) methods can be applied for improving the metamemory in students with special learning disabilities.
Keywords: Metamemory, Cognitive training, Learning disabilities, Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)
Association between Serum Thyroid Hormones and Fatty Liver Disease
Get PDFBackground: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is one of the most common chronic liver diseases. Given the lack of definitive documentation for the effect of thyroid gland disorders on fatty liver, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between serum thyroid hormones levels and fatty liver in patients referring to Imam Hossain Hospital in Shahroud, in 2016.Methods: This case-control study was performed on 150 patients. The case group consisted of fatty liver patients whose disease was diagnosed based on laboratory and ultrasound findings, and a control group of patients with any other diseases without fatty liver. After liver ultrasonography, blood samples were taken from all patients and thyroid hormones levels were measured.Results: Of the 150 patients examined, the mean BMI of the patients was 24.79±6.9 kg / m2, which was significantly higher in the case group (P<0.012). The mean FBS level, was 131.5±83.5 mg / dl, which was significantly higher (P<0.001) in the case group. Similarly, the mean of TG was 245.5±128.5 mg / dl, which was significantly higher in the case group (P<0.047). On the other hand, the mean LDL of patients was 145.5±30.5 mg / dl, which was significantly higher (P<0.012) in patients with fatty liver. Further, the mean TSH of patients was significantly higher in the case group (P<0.014). Finally, there were no significant differences between the two groups regarding other variables.Conclusions: The results of this study suggested that thyroid gland disorders, especially hypothyroidism, were significantly higher in patients with fatty liver than in other patients. Nevertheless, they could not be influential in the incidence, exacerbation and persistence of fatty liver as a favorable factor
Using Modified Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Ultrasonic Homogenizer for BTEX Removal from Aqueous Solutions
Get PDFBackground: BTEX refers to a volatile compound with single aromatic ring in petroleum including benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylenes. Due to its flammability, toxicity and carcinogenicity properties, BTEX has many adverse effects on human health. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) modified with an ultrasonic homogenizer (UH) to remove BTEX from aqueous solutions.
Methods: MWCNT was modified in different concentrations, times and intensities. Then, the best condition was selected. After modification based on the design of experiments (DOE), 16 experiments were arranged at 4 levels with 4 factors. Samples required for simulation were built according to the standard methods and then analyzed by gas chromatography mass.
Results: The results revealed that the optimum conditions for modified carbon nanotubes were obtained at concentration of 30% sodium hypochlorite, time of 5 seconds, and intensity of 50 dB. The optimum conditions for initial BTEX concentration, MWCNT dose, contact time, and pH were 100 mg/L, 2000 mg/L, 20 min and 7 respectively.
Conclusions: The results indicated that carbon nanotubes modified with homogenizer are a simple and effective technique to remove BTEX from the environment
Investigating the Relationship between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Drug Abuse: a Case-Control Study
Get PDFBackground: Hyperactivity disorder is one of the most common psychiatric disorders that can lead to negative consequences such as addiction in adolescence. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between addiction and hyperactivity disorder in Shahroud city.
Methods: This is a case-control study with sample size 240. The case group included methadone-treated addicted drug users and the control group including patients admitted to the surgical wards of Imam HosseinShahroud Hospital who have no addiction to any drugs.We used the Conges(CAAR-S: OV) short-acting diagnostic questionnaire ofadolesent (CAARS) for collectting information. For analysisng the data SPSS version 21 was used and significant level was considered (0.05).
Results: This study included 150 controls and 90 cases. The age avrege of cases and controls was 36.97 ± 10.40 and 31.57 ± 10.46 years, respectively. Although case and control were statistically different in restlessness-hyperactivity(P = 0.034), they do not statistically differ in the presence of Hyperactivity Disorder (P = 0.911).
Conclutions:Since in the present study, only the subgroup of restlessness-hyperactivity in the two groups was significantly different (the value was greater for the control group), it can be argued that the modesty of addicted persons is partially reduced by opiate
The Effect of Education Through Cyberspace on Continued Breast-Feeding in Primiparous Women in Shahroud City in 2018
No full textBackground: Mother milk provides many health benefits for both mother and baby. Supporting breastfeeding by health workers has a beneficial effect on breastfeeding, especially during the baby\u27s feeding period exclusively with mother milk. This study investigated the effect of education through cyberspace on continued breastfeeding in primiparous women.
Methods: This experimental-classic study was performed on 65 primiparous women aged 28-32 weeks who were referred to Shahroud child birth preparation centers in 2018. Sampling was done randomly in two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received a training program based on continuous breastfeeding in 7 sessions, 45-60 minutes. The data were collected using a demographic and continuous breastfeeding questionnaire. The data were analyzed with SPSS21 using independent t-test, paired t-test and covariance test (P<0.05).
Results: The mean and standard deviation of continuation of breastfeeding were 28.72±3.96 before intervention and 31.54±4.5 after intervention in the experimental group and 31.31±3.41 before intervention and 29.43±2.91 after intervention in the control group. Therefore, the duration of continued breastfeeding was longer in the experimental group compared to the control group after intervention.
Conclusions: According to the results, education through cyberspace is recommended as an easy, safe, low cost and effective intervention for controlling and resolving lactating mothers\u27 problems
Investigating the Relationship between Will Power and Spiritual Well-Being among Students: A Structural Equation Model
Get PDFBackgrounds: Spiritual health is one of the important health dimensions, which helps stabilizing the person\u27s internal characteristics and improves the individuals\u27 quality of life. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between will-power and spiritual well-being of students in Shahroud University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: 431 students were evaluated by distributing the Paloutzian and Ellison Spiritual well-being Questionnaire and Iranian Will-Power Inventory. Spiritual health as a dependent variable, and power of will and the variables of gender, age, marital status, field of study, place of residence, and being native or non-native were measured.
Results: Regression results of structural equations showed that the demographic factors such as gender, marital status, educational level, and will-power variables predict the spiritual health score belonged to the students. The results also indicated that the will-power is associated with an increase in the spiritual health score of the students (beta=0.61, Pvalue=0.001).
Conclusions: Based on the findings, it seems that through the educational interventions and presentation of educational packages, strengthening of will-power is necessary for promoting the spiritual health of the students.
Keywords: Spiritual Well-Being, Will-Power, Students, Structural Equation Mode
The Evaluation of Relationship between Oral Contraceptive Usages with Psychiatry Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome
Get PDFBackground: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) refers to a set of physical, psychological or behavioral symptoms occurring in ovulation cycles, which in some ways disturbs a person\u27s activities. The aim of study was to investigate the relationship between previous use of contraceptive pills and psychological symptoms of PMS.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among all female students of Shahroud University of Medical Sciences. Samples were selected by simple census and were provided a standard questionnaire for measuring the PMS. Significant level was set at 0.05.
Results: 65.5% of the participants had some degree of PMS. The use of OCP significantly reduced some PMS related symptoms such as depression (Pvalue=0.039), sadness (Pvalue=0.012), sobering up (Pvalue=0.003) and anger (Pvalue=0.032).
Conclusions: The results of this study showed the use of OCP can clearly and significantly reduce some of the symptoms associated with PMS, such as depression, sadness and sobering up, and anger.
Key words: PMS, OCP, Psychiatry Symptoms.
 
The Role of Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI) in Predicting Maternal Serum Leptin
Get PDFBackground: The key role of leptin is regulation of appetite and body lipid and pregnancy is a condition associated with overeating, reduction in heating and adaptation of lipid cells, culminating in increased body fat mass. So, this study was conducted to examine the relationship between changes in pre-pregnancy BMI and leptin.
Methods: This Longitudinal study was conducted on 45 women in the first trimester of pregnancy using a longitudinal approach and convenience sampling method in Tehran city in 2015. The mothers in terms of pre-pregnancy BMI were divided into two groups: group A (n=22 with normal BMI) and group B (n=23 with high BMI), with maternal serum leptin being taken in 6-12 weeks and 15-20 weeks of pregnancy and measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The statistical data were analyzed by SPSS V.21 using Kolmogorov Smirnov, independent t-test, two-sample Chi square, Mann-Whitney, Regression, Pearson and Landa tests with P.V<0.05.
Results: The mean age of mothers in the present study was 27.47±5.55 years with a minimum age of 19 and a maximum age of 37 years. The mean plasma leptin of the first and second trimesters of pregnancy was significantly higher in the high BMI group than in the normal group. The correlation showed that the first trimester leptin and changes in leptin levels of pregnancy with pre-pregnancy BMI were significantly higher in the normal group (P=0.04 and P=0.003).
Conclusions: BMI before and during pregnancy can be a predictor of maternal serum leptin in pregnancy weight gain.
 
The Incidence of Fall and Past History of Falling in Aged Hospitalized Patients
Get PDFBackground: Identifying elderly people with the risk of fall in hospitalsis particularly important for prevention of falls. Review of literaturesuggested that the association between falls and some characteristicsof geriatric inpatients. The aim of this study was to determine thepredisposing factors of falling among the elderly hospitalized patients.Methods: In this descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study, 1213elderly hospitalized patients, 60 years old and above recruited toparticipate in the study. Of all participant 385 subjects met theinclusion criteria of the study. Data collected from a secondary studyon falls which was conducted from March to December 2016. Ademographic questionnaire and Johns Hopkins fall risk assessmenttool were used to evaluate the falls incident and risk of fall among theelderly people. The scores were analyzed by SPSS software version 16.Chi square test and exact test of Fisher and logistic regression wereemployed for data analysis. Significance level was set at 0.05.Results: The mean of age in the subjects was 71.68 + 8.32 years old.Off all 385 eligible aged hospitalized patients, the rate of fallsestimated to be 1.05 per 1000 bed-day. Approximately 12% of casesexperienced at least one fall during hospitalization period. Accordingto the results of logistic regression analysis, the most predisposingfactors for falls in hospital was the past history of falling with oddsratio of 12.7. Moreover, older age (age ≥ 80 years old), use ofmedication/equipment, low cognitive ability, and polypharmacy withodds ratios of 2.63, 1.49, 2.26, 0.988, and 3.34 were related to thefalling in the past, respectively.Conclusions: The results of the study indicated that the incident of fallsamong geriatric patients were relatively low, due to clinicalinterventions in hospital to prevent falls or to routine underestimationand under report of falls