International Journal of Health Studies (IJHS - Shahroud University of Medical Sciences)
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Marital Satisfaction and Related Factors among Married Women
Get PDFbackground: Marital satisfaction is one of the factors affecting life which influences the permanence and durability of the married life. This study aimed at assessing marital satisfaction and some of its associated factors.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 500 married women who referred to health care centers and obstetrics and gynecology clinics in 2017 were evaluated using the Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale. The collected data were analyzed using Chi-square and one-way analysis of variance.
Results: The mean score of marital satisfaction was 118.33±22.06. Based on the marital satisfaction score, 6 (1.2%) of the participants had low marital satisfaction; 132 (26.4%) had moderate marital satisfaction; 281 (56.2%) had a high marital satisfaction and 81 (16.2%) had very high marital satisfaction. Significant relationships were observed between marital satisfaction and age (P=0.005), length of marriage (P=0.001), age of spouse (P =0.003), number of children (P=0.003), age at the first marriage (0.024), woman’s education and husband\u27s education (P=0.001), income (P=0.001), pregnancy experience (P=0.001) and childbirth experience (P=0.001). However, there was no significant relationship between marital satisfaction and job, husband\u27s job and place of residence (P≥0.005).
Conclusions: Since marital satisfaction was found to be associated with age, education, age of the spouse, length of marriage, number of children, income, pregnancy experience and childbirth experience, establishment of sexual counseling clinics in health care centers and providing premarital counseling and counseling on sexual issues for the couples can help them improve their marital satisfaction
The Comparison of Personality Traits, Forgiveness, and Resilience Among Patients with Cancer and Healthy Persons
No full textBackground: This research purpose was to compare the HEXACO personality traits, forgiveness and resilience between the cancer patients and healthy people.Methods: In this comparative study, the research samples included 100 cancer patients and 100 healthy people with the age of 30 to 55 years old during 2017 in Shahroud city. HEXACO Personality Inventory, Forgiveness Scale of Walker and Gorsuch (2002) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (2003) were used in order to collect data. Data were analyzed using a multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).Results: The multivariate analysis of covariance results indicated that HEXACO personality traits had a lower mean score in two dimensions (conscientiousness and openness to experience)amongst people with cancer. It was also established that people with cancer had a higher mean score in the lasting resentment dimension. The results also demonstrated that there is a significant difference between the two groups resilience.Conclusions: It is crucial to pay more attention to the psychological factors role like personality traits, forgiveness and resilience in the cancer formation and promotion
Self‐Esteem Mediates the Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Life Satisfaction in Iranian Students
Get PDFBackground: It is demonstrated that students with better emotional intelligence (EI) had better self-esteem. The aim of study was to assess the role of self-esteem in the relationship of EI and LS.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 403 students of Shahroud University of medical sciences (northeast of Iran). In this study we used Schering Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire and Diener Satisfaction Questionnaire and Cooper Smith Self-Esteem Questionnaire. Mediation analyzes was done to assess the role of SE in the relationship of EI and LS.
Results: About 82% of students had high emotional intelligence level. Comparison of the mean scores of EI, SE and LS by sex showed that there was no significant difference between gender means. The mean score of LS in the groups with high and moderate levels of EI score showed a significant difference between the life satisfaction score between two groups. The results of the mediation analysis showed that SE has a mediatorial role in the relationship between EI and LS, as 98% of the effect of emotional intelligence relationship is through mediating role of self-esteem.
Conclusions: Self-esteem showed as an important mediator in the relationship of EI and LS. Regarding this valuable finding, better EI which results in better self-esteem and life satisfaction and these three items could separately results in a series of good results.
Keywords: Self-Esteem, Life Satisfaction, Emotional Intelligence
The Relationship between Domestic Violence and Maternal- Fetal Attachment
Get PDFBackground: Due to the high prevalence of domestic violence among women and more physical and psychological vulnerability during pregnancy, and, consequently, vulnerability to the growing fetus there is an urgent need for accurate identification of these individuals; so the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between domestic violence and maternal-fetal attachment.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. 300 women with a gestational age of 20 to 40 weeks were selected randomly and categorically among pregnant women covered by these centers. The data gathering tool was a demographic questionnaire, a domestic violence questionnaire, and maternal-fetal attachment questionnaire.
Results: The mean age of the women was 28.32 ± 5.96 years and the mean number of years after the marriage was 7.01 ± 4.22 years and the mean age of the spouse was 31.37 ± 5.93. The mean number of pregnancies was 1.9 ± 1.67. 65.7% of the women experienced mild violence, 19.3% had moderate violence and 15.1% had severe violence. The linear regression of the relationship between the total score of violence with the total score of the attachment of the mothers was significant, along with control of some of their demographic characteristics (P<0.001).
Conclusions: Act of physical and psychological domestic violence is effective on maternal attachment to the fetus. Timely screening of the mother for domestic violence can empower and inform the health center staff more effectively in identifying and managing violence against pregnant women and helping to choose alternative behaviors and gaining Communication skills
The Effect of Cyberspace-Based Education on Caregivers Burden in Caregivers Who Care about Elderly with Dementia
No full textBackground: Dementia prevalence is identified as one of the consequences of aging. Care for patients with dementia has significant consequences for caregivers like poorer physical health, emotional stresses, depression and high mortality risk. This study was accomplished in order to determine the cyber-based education effect on care burden in caregivers of elderly with dementia. Methods: : This study is a quasi- experimental study performed on 86 caregivers of elderly with dementia who were referred to the Taleghani Hospital. This study samples were selected in both intervention and control groups as available sampling. Data collection tool was Zarit\u27s care burden Questionnaire that was completed by using telephone interview (before and by passing two months from the end of intervention). Cyberspace-based educational intervention was conducted for one month, in the form of videos, clips, photo and text. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16 by applying Chi-square, independent t-test and paired t-test. Results:This study population included 86 participants (43 people in the intervention group and 43 people in the control group). The questionnaire reliability in this study was 0.92 (Cronbach\u27s alpha=0.92) and the physical and psychology dimensional reliability were measured as 0.75 and 0.9, respectively. Results indicated significant changes in the reduction of total care burden after education in the intervention group (P.V <0.001). Moreover, the amount of physical burden (P < 0.001) and psychological burden (P < 0.001) have reduced after intervention.Conclusions:Conclusions: With respect to finding, cyber- based learning is suggested for caregivers of elderly with dementia in order to reduce the care burden. Keywords: Care burden, Caregivers, Dementia, Elderly, Education based on cyber
Extracting Rules for Diagnosis of Diabetes Using Genetic Programming
Get PDFBackground: Diabetes is a global health challenge that cusses high incidence of major social and economic consequences. As such, early prevention or identification of those people at risk is crucial for reducing the problems caused by it. The aim of study was to extract the rules for diabetes diagnosing using genetic programming.
Methods: This study utilized the PIMA dataset of the University of California, Irvine. This dataset consists of the information of 768 Pima heritage women, including 500 healthy persons and 268 persons with diabetes. Regarding the missing values and outliers in this dataset, the K-nearest neighbor and k-means methods are applied respectively. Moreover, a genetic programming model (GP) was conducted to diagnose diabetes as well as to determine the most important factors affecting it. Accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the proposed model on the PIMA dataset were obtained as 79.32, 58.96 and 90.74%, respectively.
Results: The experimental results of our model on PIMA revealed that age, PG concentration, BMI, Tri Fold Thick and Serum Ins were effective in diabetes mellitus and increased risk of diabetes. In addition, the good performance of the model coupled with the simplicity and comprehensiveness of the extracted rules is also shown by the experimental results.
Conclusions: GPs can effectively implement the rules for diagnosing diabetes. Both BMI and PG Concentration are also the most important factors to increase the risk of suffering from diabetes.
Keywords: Diabetes, PIMA, Genetic programming, KNNi, K-means, Missing value, Outlier detection, Rule extraction
Factors Affecting Patients\u27 Preferences Based on the Mixing Factors of Marketing Services in Hospital Selection: Patients\u27 Preferences Based on mixed Marketing
No full textBackground: Today, health care market has become a competitive market. Various factors affect the care of the hospital and the choice of hospital by patients. The present study aimed to investigate the effective factors on patients\u27 preferences based on the mixing factors of marketing services in hospital selection.
Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was performed on 300 patients referred to educational hospitals in Iran in 2018. The instrument used was a researcher-made questionnaire include two sections (demographic and Patients\u27 Preferences questionnaire). Data was analyzed using descriptive and analytical.
Results: Among the 7 components, the highest and the lowest mean and standard deviation were related to staff (1.03 ± 3.89) and location (1.10 ± 2.96), respectively. The index value of the RMSEA for the compiled model it is equal to 0.059, comparative fit index (CFI) is 0.837 and the IFI index is 0.839. Employee component with coefficient of 1.00 and price component with coefficient of 0.72 had the highest and the least effect.
Conclusions: Staff and physicians and hospital space have the greatest role in attracting patients. Therefore, it is expected that the hospital management will make the essential planning, and by intervening in the process of work of physicians and staff.
Key words: Patient preferences, mixed Marketing, marketing of health services, Hospital
Social Support among the Elderly Living in Shahroud, Iran
Get PDFBackground: Social support is one of the key aspects of social health among the elderly, significantly affecting other aspects of health. This study attempted to explore the extent to which the elderly benefit from social support and the contributing factors among the elderly living in Shahroud, northeastern Iran.Methods: During 2015-2016,a total of 496 elderly residents of Shahroud were selected through randomcluster sampling method. Data were collected by a questionnaire for capturing demographic variables (age, sex, marital status, educational level, number of children and grandchildren, economic status, health status, diseases) and Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS). The data were analyzed through independent t-test, simple and multiple linear regressions, and ANOVA.Results:Of the 496 elderly participants in the study, 273 (55.3%) were female with a mean age of 67.9±7.84 years old. The mean score of social support achieved by the elderly was 9.0, ranging from 8.19-9.81 at the confidence interval of 95%. There was no significant relationship between age and social support (p=0.9). However, there was a significant relationship between social support and marital status. The difference in the average score of social support in married elderly was significantly less than that of single, widow(er), and divorced elderly (p<0.001).Conclusion: The elderly in Shahroud were poorly covered by social support. In order to improve this situation, it is crucial to devise appropriate plans on family to population scale.
Assessment of Spirometric Indices in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Imam Hussein Hospital, Shahroud, Iran (2016-2017)
Get PDFBackground: Diabetes mellitus is the most prevalent metabolic disorder. Previous related studies have shown that, lungs are target organs in diabetic micro-angiopathy. The present study was designed to investigate the spirometric indices in patients with type 2 diabetes referred to the outpatient clinic of Imam Hussein hospital in Shahroud, Iran.
Method: This comparative study included 50 patients with type 2 diabetes and 50 non-diabetic subjects who were matched in terms of weight, age, and sex, and were referred to the Diabetes clinic of Imam Hussein hospital in Shahroud, Iran. MIR SPIROLAB III spirometer was used for spirometric tests to obtain FEV1, FVC, PEFR, and FEF 25-75. Decrease in these indices is determinant of pulmonary complications. Indices were compared between two groups. The relationships between some variables like glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and type of their treatment with the severity of spirometric disturbances were also assessed.
Result: The average age was equal to 56.3 years old (with SD of 6.3 years) and 58.3 years old (with SD of 6.3 years), respectively in non-diabetic and diabetic group. Comparison of the FEV1, FVC, PEFR, and FEF 25-75 indices between diabetic and non-diabetic groups showed a significant difference (P.V<0.05). No significant difference was found in the FEV1/FVC ratio. According to the Pearson correlation formula, there was a significant association between decreased spirometric indices and increased concentration of Hb A1C (-.630, -.635 and-.374 for FEV1, FVC, and PEFR, respectively). There was no association between decreased concentration of FEV1/FVC and increased HbA1c.
Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed that, there was a significant decrease in pulmonary functions in the diabetic group. Impaired pulmonary function can be detected in early stages of diabetes and studying the pulmonary function can be easily preformed. Accordingly, screening lungs function should be carried out regularly, as well as integrating in other routine examinations and screening tests.
 
The Accuracy of Sanitary Pad of Nitrazine Test in the Diagnosis of Premature Rupture of Membranes
Get PDFBackground: Sanitary Pad of Nitrazine Test (SPONT) is one of the newest method to diagnosis premature rupture of membranes (PROM) that doesn\u27t need women attending hospital and applying speculum. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of SPONT versus standard clinical assessment.
Methods: A prospective diagnostic accuracy study, 140 pregnant women with symptoms of PROM in 22-42 weeks of gestation were involved. The accuracy of SPONT in the diagnosis of PROM was compared with Nitrazine, Fern and Pooling tests that were performed at the same time.
Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of SPONT, routine Nitrazine, Fern and Pooling tests were 93.2%, 85.7%, 97.3%, 69.2%; 94.1%, 90.5%, 98.2% 73.1%; 80.1%, 95.2%, 98.9%, 46.5%; and 68.1%, 95.2%, 98.9% 46.5%, respectively. The sensitivity of SPONT was the same as routine Nitrazine test (P.V=0.811). SPONT has higher sensitivity than Fern test (P.V=0.008) and Pooling test (P.V<0.001). The accuracy of the applied tests was 92.1%, 93.6%, 82.8% and 72.8% respectively for SPONT, Nitrazine, Fern and Pooling tests. There wasn\u27t significant difference between accuracy of SPONT and standard clinical assessment (92.1% vs. 89.3%).
Conclusions: The accuracy of SPONT was the same as routine Nitrazine test in PROM diagnosis that pregnant women can use it if they do not have immediate access to health centers