Oncological Coloproctology (E-Journal) / Онкологическая колопроктология
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Комплексное лечение больных плоскоклеточным раком анального канала
Get PDFSince 1974 chemoradiation scheme proposed by Nigro remains the standard of care for squamous-cell anal cancer in most countries. Improvement of treatment results can be achieved by developing new treatment schemes including different radio- and chemosensitizers.Methods. Results of treatment of 157 T1–4N0–2M0 squamous-cell anal cancer patients, which underwent treatment during 1990–2012 were analyzed. Patients were divided into 3 groups: group A received hyperfractionated radiotherapy (RT) single dose 1.2 Gy bid, total dose 40–44 Gy with 3–5 sessions of local hyperthermia (HT) during treatment; group B had similar RT + HT scheme with addition of chemotherapy (CT) with cisplatin 20 mg/m2 in days 1, 3 weeks 1–4 and bleomycin 15 mg in days 2, 4 weeks 1–4; group C had RT with single dose 2 Gy, same total dose, HT and CT as in group B and additionally received metronidazole 10 g/m2 per rectum in a polymeric composition. Two weeks after 1st treatment stage a second course of RT was carried out 20–24 Gy in 2 Gy fractions in all patient groups.Results. Sphincter-sparing treatment was carried out in 11 (50 %), 71 (80.68 %) and 44 (93.62 %) in groups A, B and C accordingly. Three year overall survival (OS) was 60.0; 82.4; 96.4 %; 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) 36.6; 69.8 and 76.3 % accordingly.Conclusions. In our study combined treatment using radiosensitization allow to improve sphincter preservation rate to 93 %, improve OS and DFS for squamous-cell anal cancer patients
Оценка эффективности и безопасности продленной эпидуральной анальгезии после онкологических колопроктологических вмешательств
No full textThis study demonstrates effective thoracic epidural analgesia by ropivacain 0.2 %, phentanyl 2 mkg/ml, adrenaline 2 mkg/ml in single-use infusion pumps in 124 patients, who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer. Safe, effective and controllable analgesia was observed during surgery and postoperative period. Prolonged analgesia facilitates early rehabilitation and improves gastrointestinal peristaltic activity. Prolonged epidural analgesia is the recommended method of analgesia in this group of patients.В результате исследования 124 больных после онкологических колопроктологических вмешательств на основе обезболивания с использованием грудной эпидуральной анальгезии смесью 0,2 % ропивакаина с добавлением фентанила 2 мкг/мл и адреналина 2 мкг/мл, а также применением одноразовых инфузионных помп выявлено, что во время операции достигается надежное, безопасное и управляемое обезболивание, а в послеоперационном периоде на фоне эффективной и безопасной анальгезии в условиях хирургического отделения создаются условия для быстрого восстановления перистальтики кишечника. Указанный вид обезболивания рекомендован в качестве метода выбора при проведении данных операций
Сравнительная оценка результатов использования аллопластического материала при наложении концевой колостомы у больных раком нижнеампулярного отдела прямой кишки
Get PDFThe results of research on the causes affecting in the development of para-colostomy complications after abdomino-perineal extirpation of the rectum for cancer patients, who were treated by us from 2005 to 2012 found that the development of complications para-colostomy affects in the age of patient, comorbidity, severity of anemia, and obesity. Allocation of risk and patient groups at increased risk for complications allows differentiated approach to their prevention.Представлены результаты исследования причин, влияющих на развитие параколостомических осложнений после брюшно-промежностной экстирпации прямой кишки по поводу рака, у больных, находившихся на лечении с 2005 по 2012 г. Установлено, что на развитие параколостомических осложнений оказывают влияние возраст больных, наличие сопутствующих заболеваний, выраженность анемии, ожирения. Выделение факторов риска и групп пациентов с повышенной степенью риска развития осложнений позволяет дифференцированно подходить к их профилактике
РЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА КРОВИ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ТОЛСТОКИШЕЧНОЙ НЕПРОХОДИМОСТЬЮ ОПУХОЛЕВОГО ГЕНЕЗА В РАННЕМ ПОСЛЕОПЕРАЦИОННОМ ПЕРИОДЕ
Get PDFIntroduction. Microcirculation plays an important role in early postoperative period in colorectal cancer patients. At the same time the question connected with studying of rheological properties of blood as one of microcirculation indicators in literature it studied insufficiently.Materials and methods. We studied rheological properties of blood in 30 patients operated for bowel obstruction caused by right colon cancer. 17 (56,7 %) patients were male, 13 (43,3 %) – female. Average age was 57 ± 3 years. Time from the moment of manifestation of the first clinical signs before admission to a hospital and the beginnings of carrying out medical and diagnostic actions was 12 ± 0,5 h. The stage of a disease was T3N0–1M0. The group of comparison consisted of 20 healthy volunteers of the same age. Changes of a rheology of blood were measured by means of the accounting of viscosity of blood, change of an index of deformation and aggregation of erythrocytes. Studying of viscosity of blood was carried out by means of the rotational viscometer at shift speeds: 200; 100; 150; 50 and 20 MPas. Measures were conducted at the time of receipt, on the first, third, fifth, seventh and tenth postoperative day.Results. In patients with bowel impassability at the time of receipt the increase in indicators of viscosity of blood is noted at all speeds of the shift, analyzed indicators increase by the third postoperative day, decrease on the seventh and are partially restored for the tenth postoperative days. Complications developed in 16,6 % of cases, in all cases – pneumonia. By comparison of the obtained laboratory data to a clinical picture it is established that complications developed on 3–5th postoperative days
9-Й ЕЖЕГОДНЫЙ СЪЕЗД ЕВРОПЕЙСКОГО ОБЩЕСТВА КОЛОПРОКТОЛОГОВ (ESCP)
Get PDFО 9-й Ежегодном съезде Европейского общества колопроктологов (ESCP)
ПОСЛЕОПЕРАЦИОННЫЕ ИНФЕКЦИОННЫЕ ОСЛОЖНЕНИЯ У БОЛЬНЫХ КОЛОРЕКТАЛЬНЫМ РАКОМ: МИКРОБИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ МОНИТОРИНГ
Get PDFIn the article data of microbiological monitoring of peritoneal effusion during postoperative period in patients with colorectal cancer is presented.Rationale for performing crops of peritoneal exudate was demonstrated in all groups of patients and antibacterial therapy should be corrected on its base.В статье приводятся данные микробиологического мониторинга перитонеального выпота в послеоперационном периоде у больных колоректальным раком. Показана целесообразность выполнения посевов перитонеального выпота и с учетом результатов рекомендуется коррекция антибактериальной терапии
Роль стволовых клеток в канцерогенезе толстой кишки
Get PDFСancer stem cells (CSC) play a significant role in the development and progression of colorectal cancer. They are capable of self-senewal and multipotent differentiation. CSC can be formed from stem cells or mutant by dedifferentiation of crypt epithelial cells. Recently, much attention is paid to CSC in colon cancer, but very little has been published regarding their expression in colon polyps. In 2010 The World Health Organization attributed the so-called serrated lesions, including hyperplastic polyp, serrated sessile adenoma and traditional serrated adenoma to a group of precancerous lesions of the colon in addition to the classical tubular, villous and tubulo-villous adenomas. Despite the large number of publications devoted to the newly selected category, a full understanding of the processes involved in the formation of polyps and their progression into colon cancer, there is still no. Identification of CSC in colon polyps will assess their potential malignancy conduct adequate therapy, determine the amount of the operation and further treatment strategy. This in turn will contribute to the early detection and prevention of cancer. Identification of CSC, an assessment of their localization and distribution in tubular adenomas, serrated adenoma broad-based, traditional serrated adenoma and hyperplastic polyps allow to evaluate the potential of malignancy and prognosis for each of the polyps. In this regard, the definition of markers characteristic of colon CSC, is interesting not only from a scientific, but also from a practical point of view
Метастазы колоректального рака в кости
Get PDFA rare clinical presentation of colorectal cancer bone metastases is discussed in this article. Data on incidence and possible mechanism of isolated bone metastases is demonstrated, treatment options based on different clinics experience is discussed.В статье обсуждается редкое клиническое проявление колоректального рака — метастазы в кости. Представлены данные о частоте и возможных механизмах развития метастазов в кости, обсуждается опыт различных клиник в лечении данной категории пациентов
КАЧЕСТВО ЖИЗНИ ЖЕНЩИН, ОПЕРИРОВАННЫХ ПО ПОВОДУ РАКА ПРЯМОЙ КИШКИ
Get PDFQuality of life is the second most important clinical outcome criteria for cancer patients after survival. Quality of life shows the completeness of social rehabilitations of patients, who underwent radical treatment. In present study quality of life of 41 rectal cancer patients, who underwent abdominoperineal resection (n = 22) or anterior resection (n = 19) was assessed using SF-36 questionnaire. All patients without permanent colostomy had better postoperative quality of life. The phycho-emotional state of patients with permanent colostomy progres-sively decreases. The present study is important for developing an individualized rehabilitation programme for female rectal cancer patients
Местно-распространенный рак поперечной ободочной кишки с синдромом Труссо
No full textMigratory venous thrombosis is a manifestation of the rare paraneoplastic syndrome in patients with malignant neoplasms. The paper describes successful surgical treatment in a young patient with a colon tumor associated with Trousseau’s syndrome. The latter manifesting itself as ischemia forced urgent surgeons to amputate the lower third of the left leg. Locally advanced transverse colon cancer spreading to the great vessels was subsequently diagnosed. All paraneoplastic manifestations disappeared after tumor removal. The patient was professionally given surgical, anesthesiological, and resuscitative aids that not only improved his quality of life, but also gave the chance to prolong it.Мигрирующий венозный тромбоз является проявлением редкого паранеопластического синдрома у пациентов со злокачественными новообразованиями. В статье представлено успешное ирургическое лечение пациента молодого возраста с опухолью толстой кишки, ассоциированной с синдромом Труссо. Манифестация синдрома Труссо, проявившаяся у больного в виде ишемии, вынудила ургентных хирургов выполнить ампутацию нижней трети левой голени. Впоследствии диагностирован местнораспространенный рак поперечной ободочной кишки, распространяющийся на магистральные сосуды. В результате удаления опухоли все паранеопластические проявления исчезли. Больному профессионально оказаны хирургическое, анестезиологическое и реанимационное пособия, которые не только улучшили качество жизни, но и дали шанс на ее продление