Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry
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Formulasi dan Optimasi Basis Gel HPMC (Hidroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose) dengan Berbagai Variasi Konsentrasi
Get PDFIdeal gel formulation can be obtained by formulating some kind of gelling material, but the most important thing to note is the selection of a gelling agent. HPMC (Hidroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose) is a gelling agent that is commonly used in the production of cosmetics and drugs, because it can producea gel that is clear, easily soluble in water, and has a low toxicity. This study aimed to obtain the concentration of HPMC as a gelling agent that has the physical stability in accordance with the stipulated requirements. Gel formulations made with HPMC concentration variation of 3%, 5% and 7%, further evaluation of physical properties include organoleptic test, homogeneity, dispersive power, pH, and viscosity. Evaluation gel base done for 3 weeks. The results of stability tests show the base gel with a concentration of 7% HPMC has a good standard for viscosity, pH, dispersive power, homogeneity and organoleptic
Aktivitas Ekstrak Daun Salam (Eugenia polyantha) sebagai Antiinflamasi pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus)
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to determine the anti inflammatory effect of ethanol extract of salam leaves, viewed from decrease paw edema volume rats carrageenan induced 1%. For the anti-inflammatory activity measurement, five different groups were established, three test group, one positive control group and one negative control group. In the test group given the extract of salam leaves, the positive control given Na diklofenak, while the negative control group given Na CMC. Salam leaf extract was administered in three different doses : 50 mg/kgBB, 150 mg/kgBB and 250 mg/kgBB. Each of them were given orally 30 min before carrageenan induced. The paw volume was measured every hour for five hour after injection carrageenan. The results showed that ethanol extract of salam leaves in all doses has anti inflammatory efect on white rats
Profil Kromatografi Senyawa Aktif Antioksidan dan Antibakteri Fraksi N-Heksana Daun Libo (Ficus variegata Blume)
Get PDFResearch about chromatographic profile of antioxidant and antibacterial compounds in n-hexane fraction of Libo leaves (Ficus variegata Blume.) has been done in order to know the form of chromatographic profile of antioxidant and antibacterial compounds in n-hexane fraction of Libo leaves. Extraction was done by maceration using methanol. Isolation was done by 2 methods, vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) then followed by conventional column chromatography. Eluent used are n-hexane-ethyl acetate and methanol-chloroform. The results based on conventional column chromatography are as many as 10 fractions. The fractions are being conducted then by a qualitative testing of the antioxidant activity using DPPH method and antibacterial activity test using bioautography TLC method. The results formed as a chromatographic profile of fraction that contain antioxidant and antibacterial activity, which are as many as 5 fractions (NHB1, NHB3, NHB4, NHC1, NHC3) active as an antioxidant and 4 fractions (NHB1, NHC1, NHC2, NHC3) which are active as an antibacterial. The secondary metabolite contents of the fractions are alkaloid, flavonoid and steroid/terpenoid
Formulasi Krim dari Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Berkhasiat Antioksidan
Get PDFA research about the antioxidant cream formulation from cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) pod husk extract have been done. The research was aimed to formulate cream from extract of cocoa pod husk with high antioxidant activity and physically stable. Fresh cocoa pod husk was extracted with both of ethanol-water (7:3) and acetone-water (7:3), then both of extracts was tested their antioxidant activities by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhidrazyl) method. The acetone-water (7:3) extract which have the higher antioxidant activity (IC50 = 0,08 mg/ml toward DPPH free radical) was formulated become cream preparation with variated emulsifying agents, i.e. anionic emulsifier (stearic-triethanolamine (TEA) with vary concentrations of TEA i.e. 1%, 2% and 3%) and nonionic emulsifier (Span 60-Tween 60 3%, 4% and 5%). The result of research indicated that antioxidant cream with Span 60-Tween 60 3% as emulsifying agent was the most physically stable cream
Immunosupressant Effect of the Extract of Tridax procumbens on Lymphocyte Cells Line from Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematous: Immunoglobulin Gbiomarker
Get PDFSystemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE) is one of the major autoimmune diseases that can cause severe damage to the tissues and organs in the body and lead to high mortality rates. The clinical manifestations are characterized by the production of autoantibody immunoglobulin G (Ig G) that fights component of the nucleus. The present scientific information issues about peculiar property of Tridax procumbens as immunosuppressant by inhibiting enzyme of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) on surface of B cells. This study approved effect of the extract of Tridax procumbens on human lymphocytes cells line with SLE disease. The aim of this study was to approve effect of extract of Tridax procumbens in suppressing Ig G concentration from patient with stable SLE and patient with active SLE in vitro. This study was an in vitro experimental design on lymphocytes cell line that was isolated from whole blood patient with stable SLE and active SLE. Lymphocyte cells from healthy volunteer were also collected as control. American Rheumatism Association Diagnostic was used for inclusion criteria.Tridax procumbens was extracted with maceration method in solution of ethyl acetate. The extract was divided in several doses as immunosuppressant i.e.1000; 250; 62.5; 31.25; 15.13; and 3.91 µg/mL. Supernatant of the cultured cells was collected and examined for measuring Ig G concentration as secretion from activated B cells by ELISA. Ethical clearance had been completed before this study started. The extract of Tridax procumbens significantly suppressed Ig G secretion in patient with stable SLE at dose over 62.5 µg/mL, but Ig G concentration in patient with active SLE was significantly increased when compared with control. Furthermore from the analysis, effect of the Tridax procumbens extract on Ig G concentration followed dose dependent response. In in-vitro study, the extract of Tridax procumbens could significantly suppress Ig G secretion in healthy volunteer and patient with stable SLE. Otherwise, the extract does not suggest for patient with active SLE and it needs caution in use and investigation in-depth
Karakteristik dan Stabilitas Sediaan Gel Mulut Berbahan Aktif Ekstrak Daun Sirih Hitam Berbasis Hydroxy Ethyl Cellulose (HEC)
Get PDFThis study aimed to obtain mouth gel formula ​​from extract of black betel leaves which effectively kill microbes that cause inflammation of the gums (gingivitis) and tooth decay (caries). The mouth gel formulation ​​from black betel leaves extract has been made by various concentrate of Hydroxy Ethyl Cellulose (HEC) as a mucoadhesive polymer. The optimized mouth gel base determine by evaluation the physical which includes organoleptic, viscosity, pH, the spreadability, and consistency after 16 days storage. The evaluation test was done with pH 7.21 (which lowest) - 7.78 (the highest). The spreadability after 16 days storage of 50 grams for formula 1, formula 2, formula 3 each is 11.33 cm, 5.60 cm, and 4.70 cm. The consistency of the mouth gel formulation ​​from black betel leaves extract on formula 1, formula 2, and formula 3 are no changes occurred up to 16 days of storage. The viscosity obtained after 16 days of storage for formula 1, formula 2, and formula 3 respectively are 4.30 dpas, 37 dpas, and 80 dpas. The result showed that formula 2 has better formulation
Stabilitas Fisik dan Kimia Minyak Biji Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.) Selama Penyimpanan
Get PDFKetapang (Terminalia catappa L.) is each one potentialy to producting of nabati oil. The research is purposes to determine effect of storage period on room and extreme temperature of ketapang seeds oil’s physical and chemical stability. Ketapang seeds oil was getted from ketapang seeds extraction by n-hexana with soxhletasi method. Ketapang seeds oil stability evaluation on room temperature 27 – 30 °C as long as 50 days and extreme temperature 65 °C as long as 10 days. Physical stability that color, aroma, and flavor use organolepticly, pH use pH-meter, density use piknometer, and viscosity use Oswald viscometer. Chemical stability that acid value, peroxide value, and soap value by titration method, and amount of tocopherol compound by spectrometry method. The result data was analyzed with linier regretion. The analyzed result of aroma, flavor, pH, density, soap value, and tocopherol compound showed descend linier, viscosity, acid value, and peroxide value showed ascend linier, and color of ketapang seeds oil is stabil as long as storage on room and extreme temperature. Storage period on extreme temperature more significant than room temperature to effect evaluation result of ketapang seeds oil’s physical and chemical parameters
Uji Toksisitas Akut dan Subakut Pada Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Bawang Tiwai (Eleutherine Americana Merr.)
Get PDFThe ethanolic extract from the bulb of Eleutherine americana was investigated for acute and subacute toxicity in Balb/C male mice. The parameter used on this research is mortality n hepar histophatological. During acute toxicity study, bulb plant (0.52, 0,26 and 5.2 mg/kg b.wt) p.o. for 72 hour and subacute toxicity study bulb plant (0.52, 0,26 and 5.2 mg/kg b.wt) p.o. once daily for 30 days. The result of the research shows that ethanol extract with 0.52, 0,26 and 5.2 mg/kg b.wt dosage can be said relatively safe because there is no death signal about 50% in 24 hour and the result of subacute toxicity in observation histophatological in hepar shows there is fibrosis n necrosis with 0.52, 2.6 mg/kg b.wt and 5.2 mg/kg b.wt dosage
Potensi Herba Tumbuhan Balsem (Polygala paniculata Linn) sebagai Sumber Bahan Farmasi Potensial
Get PDFTumbuhan balsem (P. paniculata) merupakan tumbuhan semusim yaitu dari biji lalu tumbuh dan akan mati setelah mencapai dewasa selama 4-5 bulan. Tumbuhan ini berbau balsem sehingga dinamakan tumbuhan balsem oleh masyarakat di Kalimantan Timur. Manfaat tradisional tumbuhan ini tidak banyak dikenal kecuali akarnya dipercaya dapat meningkatkan stamina. Belum banyak hasil penelitian ilmiah tumbuhan ini sehingga diperlukan informasi ilmiah untuk pemanfaatannya. Potensi biologi tumbuhan Balsemadalah mudah tumbuh dengan skilus hidup pendek yaitu 4-5 bulan. Beberapa hasil penelitian terhadap tumbuhan balsem terbukti memiliki potensi dalam bidang kefarmasian seperti sitotoksik atau antikanker, antibakteri, dan antimikotik. Potensi herba balsem juga digambarkan melalui kandungan metabolit sekundernya yaitu mengandung alkaloid, flavanoid, tanin, saponin, dan steroid. Keragaman metabolit sekunder tersebut menggambarkan kemungkinan masih memiliki potensi kefarmasian lainnya
Efek Antimikroba Sediaan Salep Kulit Berbahan Aktif Ekstrak Etil Asetat Daun Sungkai (Peronema Canencens Jack.) terhadap Bakteri Patogen Penginfeksi Luka Bakar
Get PDFResearch on the effects of skin ointment dosage active ingredient ethyl acetate leaf extract Sungkai (Peronema canencens Jack.) has be done burns infection against pathogens bacteria. This study aims to determine the effective concentration of the ethyl acetate extract antimicrobial in skin ointment preparations against pathogens skin burns infection. Test material obtained by fractionation of the methanol extract of leaves Sungkai, further formulated into an ointment base, was tested to determine the effective concentration of activity. The results obtained by the concentration of effective skin ointment preparation with the active ingredient ethyl acetate leaf extract Sungkai is 4% for gram-positive bacteria: B. subtilis and S. aureus, dankonsentrasi 2% for gram-negative bacteria: P. aeruginosa and Str. mutans