Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry
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Antibacterial Activity of Different Extract of Medicinal Plant Antirrihnum Orontium.
Get PDFAntirrhinum Orontium is belonging to the family Plantaginacea commonly known as lesser snapdragon which is a flowering plant belong to genus Antirrhinum. It was traditionally used in treatment of Tumor, Eye inflammation and Ulcer. Antirrhinum Orontium is contain mostly tertiary alkaloids bases one of them is identified as 4-methyl-2, 6-naphthyridine and Choline is identified as quaternary base. The recent study is to investigate the antibacterial activity of Ethyl acetate, Dichloromethane, Hexane and Water extracts of Antirrhinum Orontium, against the pathogen like Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Both the Soxhlet and Maceration water extract were found most active from the other extract against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by using agar well diffusion method. The measured zone of inhibition for Soxhlet water extract is 21±0.05mm and Maceration water extract is 20±0.05mm against gram positive Staphylococcus aureus, while for gram negative Escherichia coli 23±0.05mm is measured for Soxlet and 21±0.05mm measured for Maceration water extract
Antimalarial Activity of Furoquinoline Alkaloids from the Leaves of Melicope moluccana
Get PDFTwo furoquinoline alkaloids, leptanoine C (1) and haplopine-3,3´-dimethylallyl ether (2) were isolated from the leaves of Melicope moluccana. The chemical structure of both compounds was determined based on spectroscopic data, including UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D, and 2D NMR spectral data. The antimalarial activity of compounds 1-2 against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 showing their IC50 values are 0.18 ppm and 2.28 µg/mL, respectively
Test of the Potential of Ethanol Extracts, Simplician Medium and Forest Umbi Juice (Eleutherine bulbosa (Factory) Urb.) against Blood Glucose Levels of Rats, and Histopatology Ratkreas Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Hypercolesterolemia Model Diabetic
Get PDFThis study aims to examine the presence or absence of secondary metabolite compounds in ethanol extract, simplicia steeping and forest onion tuber juice, in male glucose parameters and pancreatic histopathology. Using test animals as many as 30 male white rats divided into 6 groups and each group consisted of 5 rats with group I details as normal controls, group II as negative controls given 0.5% Na-CMC suspension, group III as positive control who were given Metformin 45 mg / kg BB and IV, V, VI as the test group were given ethanol extract, simplicia extract and forest onion tuber juice with each dose of 20 g / kg BW. The results showed that there were secondary metabolites in the ethanol extract of forest onion tubers, namely flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, steroids and tannins, giving ethanol extract of forest onion bulbs had the effect of reducing blood glucose levels in white mice with a dose of 20g / kgBW with an average of 132 and ethanol extract of forest onion bulbs at a dose of 20g / kg BB with an average of 0.5 can regenerate pancreatic tissue
Effect of Media Types on the Growth of Callus Culture in Kumis Kucing Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq.
Get PDFThe lack of conventional availability of plant Kumis Kucing makes tissue culture techniques used as a solution to overcome this problem. In tissue culture, media is a major factor in producing a good crop of plantlets. Media Murashige & Skoog (MS), Lloyd & McCown Woody Plant (WPM) media was used in the induction of Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq cat whiskers callus culture, in this study also used growth regulators in the form of 2,4-D added to each-individual media. The results showed the best callus growth occurred in Murashige & Skoog (MS) media compared to the Lloyd & McCown Woody Plant (WPM) media, where the callus produced was 3.28 g on MS media
Thiopental Elevates Steady-State Levels of Intracellular Ca2+ and Zn2+ in Rat Thymic Lymphocytes: Toxicity test of thiopental on rat thymic lymphocytes
No full textThiopental is an ultra-short-acting barbiturate and has been used commonly in the induction phase of general anesthesia. However, the toxic effect of thiopental is not completely clear.?The effect of thiopental on intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) levels was investigated in non-excitable cells. Experiments were carried out using a flow-cytometric technique, rat thymic lymphocytes (as non-excitable cells), and appropriate fluorescent probes. Treatment of cells with 300 µM thiopental increased Fluo-3 fluorescence intensity, indicating elevation of [Ca2+]i. This increase was partially attenuated by a chelator of intracellular Zn2+. Thus, thiopental elevated both [Ca2+]i and intracellular Zn2+ ([Zn2+]i) levels. Under intracellular Zn2+-free conditions, 100–300 µM thiopental was still able to induce a statistically significant increase in [Ca2+]i, whereas removal of extracellular Ca2+ greatly reduced the increase in [Ca2+]i induced by this dose of thiopental. Therefore, the thiopental-induced increase in [Ca2+]i was mainly due to an increased influx of Ca2+. Treatment of cells with 300 µM thiopental increased FluoZin-3 fluorescence intensity, indicating the presence of [Zn2+]i, both in the presence and absence of extracellular Zn2+. The thiopental-induced elevation of [Zn2+]i was due to an increase in both influx of Zn2+ and intracellular Zn2+ release. Concanavalin A (10 µg/mL) augmented Fluo-3 fluorescence in the presence of an intracellular Zn2+ chelator. The combination of concanavalin A and 100–300 µM thiopental synergistically increased [Ca2+]i. Results suggest that thiopental increases [Ca2+]i in both quiescent and activated lymphocytes, possibly resulting in modulation of immune system function
Sunscreen Lotion of Miana Leaves (Coleus atropurpureus Benth)
Get PDFSunscreen can protect the skin from the UV radiation. One of the plants that have the potential to be utilized as active ingredients of sunscreen lotion is miana leaves (Coleus atropurpureus Benth). Lotion made in 3 formulas F1, F2 and F3. Lotion tested its stability with a freeze-thaw method, and evaluated organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity and scatterness and tested sunscreen activity of lotion preparation. The preparation shows good homogeneity, and has oleum rosae odor and a thick consistency with the lotion color is brown (F1), dark brown (F2) and slightly greenish brown (F3). Spreading, viscosity, and pH of the lotion meet the Indonesia Standart requirement. The lotion formula comes in the category of fast tanning (F2) and extra protection (F3) sunscreen
Bacterial Symbionts of Soft Coral Lobophytum Sp. From Panjang Island, Jepara, Indonesia With Antimicrobial MDR TB Potency
Get PDFTubercolusis is a disease that attacks the lungs. The disease is caused by the bacterium mycobacterium tubercolusis. The bacteria mycobacterium tubercolusis can be killed by antibiotics. However, continuous use of antibiotics can cause bacterial resistance. So we need to find new drugs that can prevent multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of MDR TB from soft coral symbiont bacteria Lobophytum sp. There were 6 bacterial isolates obtained from soft coral Lobophytum sp. One isolate from Lobophytum-associated bacteria were successfully screened for antimycobacterial against MDR TB bacteria. PLO2 was found to inhibit the growth of MDR TB (MDR TB strain SIRE and R). Based on the results of identification with PCR, soft coral symbionts of PLO2 was closely related to Virgibacillus marismortui with homology of 99%
Analysis of Total Phenolic from a Root Tabar Kedayan
No full textEast Kalimantan has a diversity of plants from various Dayak ethnic groups. One of them is the Tabar Kedayan (Aristolochia foveolata Merr) plant located in Malinau district. This plant is empirically efficacious as antidiarrhea, antidotum (anti poison). Efficacy of Tabar Kedayan plant has not been scientifically confirmed, this is because there is still little scientific research and information about the content of secondary metabolites and bioactive compounds contained in Tabar Kedayan Root. The presence of secondary metabolite is phenolic which has considerable biological active prospects as antioxidant, antibacterial, antiamuba, anti-inflammatory, antihepatotoxic and antivirus. The aim of this research is to analyze the chemical content and total phenolic content of root tabar kedayan in fractionation with various nonpolar, semipolar and polar solvents. The analysis used in the determination of total phenolic content using visible spectrophotometric method. Data of analysis used standard curve method based on absorbance data and concentration of standard solution. The results of this study obtained the highest total phenolic average on ethyl acetate fraction of 77.74 ±2,633 mg GAE/g then ethanol fraction of water amounted to 38.10 ±0,461 mg GAE/g and the smallest level of n-hexane fraction of 29.36±0,193 mg GAE/g. Conclusions in this study total phenolic content is found in most semipolar fractions
Analysis of Caffeine in Tablet Dosage Form with Spectrophotometric and Iodometric Back Titration Methods
Get PDFCaffeine (1, 3, 5-trimethylxanthine) is an active ingredient that is often added to analgesics drugs to teat headaches or reduce pain. This study aims to quantitatively analyze caffeine levels in tablet dosage forms by spectrophotometric methods and iodometric back titration. In the spectrophotometric method the measurement of caffeine levels was carried out using a maximum wavelength of 272 nm.The results of caffeine levels were found for bodrex drugs (50.87 ± 0.195 mg/tab), extra panadol (64.92 ± 0.579 mg/tab), saridon (51.38 ± 0.273 mg/tab) and paramex (46.78 ± 0.072 mg/tab). The purity percentage of caffeine was found in the range between 93.57-102.76%. While the iodometric back titration method was obtained for bodrex (48.04 ± 0.889 mg/tab), extra panadol (64.45 ± 0.697 mg/tab), saridon (43.38 ± 0.756 mg/tab) and paramex (42.36 ± 0.889 mg/tab) with a purity range of 84.73-99.15%. The average caffeine content of the two method extant suitability close to the true value as stated on the label. The results of the spectrophotometric method are more accurate, while the titrimetry method is still good to use because it is cheaper and only requires simple apparatus and common chemicals
WITHDRAWAL: Molluscicidal activities of Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit extract, Aridanin and their particulate formulations on adult and newly hatched Biomphalaria glabrata snails
Get PDFWithdrawal Notice: This article is withdrawn at the authors’ request