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Direct One-Pot Cobalt(II) Phthalocyanine Catalyzed Synthesis of N-Substituted Isoindolinones
No full textA direct one-pot synthetic approach is described wherein cobalt(II) phthalocyanine (CoPc) catalyzed reductive amination
of 2-carboxybenzaldehyde, followed by intramolecular amidation afforded N-substituted isoindolinones. The method
used diphenylsilane as reducing agent in ethanol. High chemoselectivity with excellent yield was obtained in most of the studied substrates
Development of eco-friendly bioplastic like PHB by distillery effluent microorganisms
No full textDuring screening for poly-β-hydroxybutyrate
(PHB) producing bacteria from distillery effluent sample,
six out of 30 isolates comprising of three strains of
Alcaligenes sp., two strains of Bacillus sp., and one
strain of Pseudomonas sp. were found to accumulate
varying levels of intracellular PHB. Amongst the various
isolates, Alcaligenes sp. RZS4 was found as the
potent PHB-producing organism, accumulating higher
amounts of PHB. PHB productivity was further enhanced
in the presence of oxygen, nitrogen-limiting
conditions, and cloning of PHB synthesizing genes of
Alcaligenes sp. RZS 4 into Escherichia coli. A twofold
increase in PHB yield was obtained from recombinant
E. coli vis-à-vis Alcaligenes sp.; the recombinant E. coli
accumulated more PHB in NDMM, produced good
amount of PHB in a single-stage cultivation process
under both nutrient-rich and nutrient-deficient conditions.
Extraction of PHB with acetone–alcohol (1:1)
was found as suitable method for optimum extraction
of PHB as this mixture selectively extracted PHB without
affecting the non-PHB cell mass. PHB extract from
recombinant E. coli showed the presence of C–H, 0O
stretching, 0C–H deformation, 0C–H, 0CH, and 0C–O
functional groups characteristic of PHB
ECOLOGICAL FEATURES AND CONSERVATION OF ARNEBIA EUCHROMA. A CRITICALLY ENDANGERED MEDICINAL PLANT IN WESTERN HIMALAYA
No full textArnebia euchroma (Royle ex Benth.) Johnston, commonly known as ‘Ratanjot’ is an important
medicinal plant species and is found distributed in the western Himalaya at elevations ranging
between 3200 - 4500 m above sea level. Considering its potent medicinal properties, cultural
significance, declining population density and critically endangered status of this taxon, the
present investigation was carried out for the assessment of its availability in the natural alpine
landscapes of the Spiti cold desert of western Himalaya in Himachal Pradesh (India). We
focused our study on its ecological features, population dynamics and performance in natural
habitats, so as to formulate conservation plans. In order to achieve the objectives of the
present study, a total of 620 areas were set by using a random sampling technique at six
different locations where A. euchroma was found distributed naturally. The highest population
density was recorded in undulating meadows (5.30 individuals/m2) with a maximum
circumference (4.18±1.80cm) at an elevation of 4240 m above sea level, with maximum
frequency of occurrence (100%). Ecological surveys revealed that distribution was restricted
in specific habitats rich in soil nutrients with high pH (8.025 - 8.37). The significance of the
role of various ecological variables is explained in detail in the present paper. Habitat
specificity, low population, and anthropogenic pressure justify the rarity status of this taxon in
the Spiti valley. The authors discussed different implications to develop appropriate strategies
for a long-term monitoring and sustainability of A. euchroma in the Spiti cold desert of western
Himalay
Effect of light and temperature on seed germination of important medicinal and aromatic plants in north western himalayas
No full textnot cop
Propagation of Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth: An important medicinal plant of Western Himalaya
No full textThis study is aimed at developing propagation methods and ex situ conservation for Picrorhiza kurroa, an endangered medicinal plant of western Himalaya. Regeneration using leaves from mature plant of characterized germplasm is beneficial because the source plant is not damaged. A regeneration protocol was standardized by using leaves from aseptic shoot cultures, raised from ex vitro leaves. Maximum regeneration percent (94.33) and significantly higher shoot number (38.0) was evident in middle portion of leaf at 2.32 μM of kinetin (Kn). Abaxial surface that was in touch with the medium was more responsive as compared to adaxial surface. The time of exposure to thidiazuron (TDZ) was emphasized as 15 days interval, gave the best response in terms of shoot number (42.0). For shoot multiplication, Kn at 2.32 μM was optimum. Microshoots with well developed root system were obtained in MS basal medium after 4 weeks. Incubation of cultures at low temperature (15°C) for ten days enhanced the survival percent under green house conditions and could be correlated with the development of thick cuticle and well differentiated leaf tissues (palisade and spongy parenchyma). Flow cytometric analysis was performed to check the genetic stability of in vitro plantlets. In a parallel study, seed progenies of these germplasm were raised under ex situ conditions. Its reproductive cycle was also studied for successful domestication
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the leaf essential oil of Skimmia laureola growing wild in Jammu and Kashmir, India
No full textThe analysis of Skimmia laureola hydrodistillate by gas chromatography coupled
with mass spectrometry revealed the presence of 20 constituents, representing
94.6% of the total oil. The major constituents of oil were linalyl acetate (33.0%),
linalool (25.0%), limonene (8.1%), α-terpineol (5.9%) and geranyl acetate
(5.9%). The monoterpene (93.4%) rich essential oil was evaluated for its
antibacterial and antifungal activities against seven microorganisms by agar
diffusion and microdilution methods. The oil showed appreciable antimicrobial
effects against all Gram-positive bacteria tested, including methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis with MIC values 32 and
64 mgmL-1, respectively. The oil also exhibited strong fungicidal activity
against Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum with MIC value in the
range 32–16 mgmL-1. The oil could be used in the formulation of antimicrobial
agents
Chemical Composition and In Vitro Cytotoxic Activity of Essential Oil of Leaves of Malus domestica Growing inWestern Himalaya (India)
No full textnot av
A shared response of thaumatin like protein, chitinase, and late embryogenesis abundant protein3 to environmental stresses in tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]
No full textDrought poses a significant threat to tree plants
including tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] that yields a
popular beverage “tea.” Consequence of drought is heat and salt
stress, for which data on molecular response in tree species are
not available. The present work analyzed drought-responsive
subtracted cDNA libraries of tea to identify drought-responsive
genes. Temporal and spatial gene expression suggested the
involvement of chaperones as one of the major mechanisms
to protect the plant against drought-related damages. A common
response of thaumatin like protein, chitinase, and late
embryogenesis abundant protein3 across four stresses suggests
these to be useful targets to generate “drought stress proof” tea
