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Consolidating pre-existing datasets for evidence-based policymaking to manage the rising non-communicable disease cases in South Africa
No full textHSRC Policy Brief, AprilThe aim to propose a focused policy thrust towards a systemic, consolidated, and standardised locally and internationally acceptable NCD database accessible to all stakeholders as a source of broad range of evidence-based responses, including preventative practices, management tools, and practices, including a focused production of relevant pharmaceuticals for the NCDs challenge in South Africa. The proposed approach is the essence of evidence-based policymaking, accentuating the use of objectively-sourced evidence to anchor policy and practice decisions.N/
Rethinking ICT and digital technology policy designing to harness artificial intelligence for accelerating gender equity and youth empowerment in Sub-Saharan Africa
No full textMainstreaming gender in information communications and technology (ICT) policies in Africa remains challenging since women and youths are disproportionately affected by AI technologies. The mapping of policy gaps and subsequent rethinking of ICT and AI policy development pathways to advance gender equity and youth empowerment in Africa was done. A case study design was adopted with a qualitative archival and reflective analysis of policy blueprints, plans, and strategy documents (62) from eleven African countries. High-level regional multi-stakeholder workshops were held in the ECOWAS, SADC, and COMESA regions. The policy gaps
exist due to limited bottom-up consultative processes, policy incoherence, minimal multi-sectoral co-designing and co-implementation frameworks, and limited verifiable achievement indicators. Thematic analysis used NVIVO 14 software, and few countries referred to women and youths in their policy blueprints, with Liberia (14%), Sierra Leone (10%), and South Africa (5%) emerging high. Only Rwanda had an AI policy with no focus on gender and youth empowerment.
Why the violence?: exploring how South African student protesters explain violent resistance
No full textViolent student protests continue to dominate headlines in South Africa. Drawing from powerful images and testimonies, a new publication by the HSRC reveals how students explain the use of violence, linking their struggles to deeper histories of injustice, systemic exclusion, self-defence and perpetual victimhood.N/
Are poverty, inequality and unemployment here to stay in South Africa?
No full textThis study demonstrates the resilience of poverty, inequality and unemployment (PIU) in South Africa, despite several programmes and policies introduced to reduce and/or eradicate them. It further provides an overview of the suite of programmes and policies introduced from 1994 for the purpose of demonstrating what has been done. Given their inability to eliminate these challenges, seemingly, some of the programmes and policies have not been decisive enough to address the causes, which include unequal redistribution of the country’s resources, deep structural inequalities and structural unemployment. Using narrative literature review as a research methodology, the study probes and critically analyses the PIU data. It draws attention to the fact that in 1994, unemployment was 20% and 32.9% in 2024; meanwhile, the 1994 poverty rate was estimated at 24% and the 2023 estimation was 21.6%. The 1994 Gini coefficient was 0.59 and the 2023 one was 0.63. Evidently, despite the efforts over the thirty years of democracy to address these challenges, the soft-hands approach has not worked. Literature suggests that unless something extraordinary is done, the next thirty years will also be characterised by similar challenges. As such, this study recommends constitutional adjustments to enable the urgent need for radical reform.
The relationship between social grant dependence and on-farm entrepreneurial behaviour: evidence from smallholder farmers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
No full textThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between social grant dependence and the on-farm entrepreneurial behavior of smallholder farmers. A sample of 175 farmers was obtained in and around two irrigation schemes, namely, Tugela Ferry and Bululwane, in the KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa. Principal component analysis and a two-limit Tobit regression model were employed to analyze the data. The study found a positive relationship between social grant dependence and on-farm entrepreneurial behavior. This relationship implies that the prevailing low levels of entrepreneurial activity among smallholder farmers are not driven by their
dependence on social grants. Instead, they result from a lack of entrepreneurial knowledge and skills, limited access to opportunities (e.g., training and markets), inadequate access to productive resources such as irrigation water, and institutional barriers (e.g., restricted access to formal credit). For the social grants programme to remain effective, the policy should ensure that social grants benefit (directly or indirectly) the intended beneficiaries and their households. Based on the empirical evidence, this study recommends integrating the existing social grants selection criteria and means tests into agricultural input subsidy programmes. This can ensure that the farming inputs effectively reach the intended beneficiaries, thereby enhancing the programmes’
positive impact on rural on-farm entrepreneurship. This study also recommends the implementation and promotion of strategies that enhance the endowment of non-cognitive skills to improve on-farm entrepreneurial behavior among smallholder farmers. Moreover, extension officers’ active involvement in and outside small-scale irrigation schemes can positively contribute to rural on-farm entrepreneurship.
A virtual walkabout through the exhibition: aftermath: violence and wellbeing in the context of the student movement
No full textPaper presented at the Stellenbosch University Museum's series
Uptake of antiretroviral therapy and male circumcision after community-based HIV testing and strategies for linkage to care versus standard clinic referral: a multisite, open-label, randomised controlled trial in South Africa and Uganda
No full textMale circumcision decreases HIV acquisition by 60%, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) almost eliminates
HIV transmission from HIV-positive people who are virally suppressed; however, coverage of these interventions has lagged behind targets. We aimed to assess whether community-based HIV testing with counsellor support and point of-care CD4 cell count testing would increase uptake of ART and male circumcision.All the community-based strategies achieved high rates of linkage of HIV-positive people to HIV clinics, roughly a third of whom initiated ART, and of those more than 80% were virally suppressed at 9 months. Uptake of male circumcision was almost two-times higher in men who received text message reminders or lay counsellor visits than in those who received standard-of-care clinic referral. Clinic barriers to ART initiation should be addressed in future strategies to increase the proportion of HIV-positive people accessing treatment and achieving viral suppression
Employee diversity and innovation performance among agricultural businesses: evidence from South Africa
No full textThis study investigates the relationship between employee diversity and innovation performance within agricultural businesses. Using data from the South African Agricultural Business Innovation Survey (AgriBIS) 2019-2021, this study applies the Blau index to measure diversity and uses binary logit models to assess how these diversity dimensions influence product and process innovation, as well as intellectual property (IP) outcomes. The study found that gender diversity was significantly and positively associated with all three dimensions of innovation as measured by the dependent variables (product innovation, process innovation, and IP). Racial diversity was weakly but positively associated with product innovation but showed no significant effects on process innovations or intellectual property, while age diversity was found to be insignificant across all innovation outcomes. The findings suggest policymakers should develop instruments that promote gender diversity, while business leaders are encouraged to incorporate gender diversity into their innovation strategies to enhance agricultural innovation.
South African National Survey of Research and Experimental Development: boosting R&D funding in South Africa in the context of reindustrialisation: a compendium of analytical briefs
No full textInnovation can exert a lasting influence on economic development, with R&D as a key innovation activity with
potentially disruptive effects. However, the specific aspect of R&D that enable such impact, and the mechanisms and circumstances under which it occurs, remain unclear. Give South Africa’s relatively low R&D performance and development the briefs explore those factors that could transform this situation. We utilise available data and draw from academic literature to provide insights and suggest a way forward.N/