Syntax Literate - Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia
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Kedudukan kontrak baku dalam pelaksanaan proyek pemerintah : Analisis Hukum Perdata
Get PDFKontrak standar dalam pengadaan barang dan jasa pemerintah dimaksudkan untuk berfungsi sebagai alat utama yang memastikan konsistensi, efisiensi, dan kepatuhan terhadap ketentuan publik di setiap fase pelaksanaan proyek. Namun, penerapan praktik ini seringkali menciptakan ketegangan antara prinsip kebebasan berkontrak yang diatur dalam Pasal 1338 KUH Perdata dan batasan normatif yang ditetapkan oleh regulasi pengadaan. Artikel ini menganalisis posisi kontrak standar dalam proyek pemerintah dari sudut pandang normatif, termasuk asal-usul dan fungsi kontrak tersebut, potensi munculnya klausula yang tidak adil—yang cenderung lebih merugikan penyedia jasa dibandingkan dengan pengguna jasa—serta implikasinya terhadap keabsahan dan keadilan kontraktual. Penelitian ini menggunakan kajian hukum perdata serta aturan pengadaan terbaru, termasuk perubahan terbaru dalam regulasi pengadaan pemerintah, untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana batasan kebebasan berkontrak diterapkan dalam konteks administrasi publik. Temuan awal menunjukkan bahwa meskipun kontrak standar mendukung tujuan administratif dan fiskal, diperlukan pengawasan substansial untuk menjaga keseimbangan antara hak dan kewajiban agar klausula yang tidak adil tidak merusak prinsip kepatutan dan ketertiban umum. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan mekanisme untuk meningkatkan transparansi serta evaluasi atas klausula baku sebagai cara untuk menyeimbangkan efisiensi pemerintah dengan keadilan kontraktual sesuai dengan hukum perdata Indonesia
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Platform Online Marketplace terhadap Perdagangan Barang Ilegal di Indonesia
Get PDFPerkembangan pesat platform online marketplace di Indonesia telah membawa kemudahan bagi aktivitas perdagangan, namun juga memunculkan permasalahan berupa maraknya peredaran barang ilegal yang dipasarkan melalui sistem digital. Penelitian ini merumuskan dua isu utama, yaitu bagaimana bentuk pertanggungjawaban pidana platform marketplace terhadap perdagangan barang ilegal dalam sistemnya, serta bagaimana upaya pencegahan yang dapat dilakukan. Menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual, penelitian ini mengkaji UU ITE, UU Perdagangan, PP PMSE, dan KUHP baru (UU 1/2023) untuk menilai kedudukan marketplace sebagai subjek hukum pidana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KUHP baru memberikan dasar tegas bagi pemidanaan korporasi apabila terbukti lalai atau membiarkan terjadinya tindak pidana, yang dapat dilihat dari lemahnya verifikasi penjual, moderasi konten yang tidak memadai, serta respon lambat terhadap laporan. Penelitian juga menemukan bahwa pencegahan efektif memerlukan penerapan teknologi pengawasan proaktif seperti OCR, keyword filtering, dan Artificial Intelligence untuk mengidentifikasi penyamaran barang ilegal. Kesimpulannya, pertanggungjawaban pidana marketplace dapat dikonstruksikan berdasarkan kelalaian sistemik, sementara pencegahan memerlukan sinergi antara regulasi yang kuat dan sistem moderasi berbasis teknologi
Potensi Rumput Laut sebagai Antipigmentasi Kulit: Sintesis Bioaktif, Mekanisme Molekuler, dan Analisis Klinis
Get PDFPendahuluan Hiperpigmentasi kulit akibat akumulasi melanin berlebihan merupakan tantangan estetika dan kesehatan kulit yang makin mendapat perhatian, dengan terapi konvensional sering kali memiliki keterbatasan efek samping. Rumput laut muncul sebagai sumber bioaktif yang menjanjikan melalui kandungan phlorotannin, fucoxanthin, dan sulphated polysaccharides yang berperan sebagai inhibitor tirosinase, antioksidan, dan pelindung UV. Metode Narative review ini disusun melalui pencarian sistematis di database PubMed, Scopus, dan ScienceDirect untuk literatur 2015–2025 menggunakan kata kunci terkait antipigmentasi dan rumput laut, dengan seleksi studi primer, review, dan uji klinis yang relevan. Hasil dan Diskusi Sintesis hasil mengungkapkan aktivitas multitarget rumput laut dalam menekan ekspresi gen TYR/MITF, meningkatkan kapasitas antioksidan, dan proteksi UV yang mendukung perlindungan kulit dan pengurangan pigmentasi, disertai perbaikan pasien dalam studi awal klinis tetapi dengan tantangan pada standar dosisi dan risiko kontaminasi lingkungan. Kesimpulan Sebagai bahan baku yang menjanjikan, rumput laut sangat potensial dikembangkan bahan alam yang efektif dan aman dalam lingkup dermatologi modern, sehingga diperlukan rekomendasi penelitian lanjutan yang terstruktur, mencakup eksplorasi formulasi terobosan dan pelaksanaan uji klinis ekstensif, guna mengoptimalkan dan menjamin keberlanjutan aplikasinya.
Studi Eksplorasi Pengaturan Kerja Fleksibel Terhadap Keterlekatan Pekerja
Get PDFThis study explores the implementation of Flexible Working Arrangements (FWA) on employee engagement within a multi-generational workforce context in Indonesia. The research employs a qualitative approach through semi-structured interviews with 14 respondents comprising policy makers and employees from various generations (Generation X, Millennials, and Z) at a tech start-up company. The findings indicate that FWA, initially implemented as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic, remains relevant as a modern business strategy to enhance efficiency and productivity. Key benefits identified include improved work-life balance, cost savings in transportation and operational expenses, enhanced work morale, and better productivity. Generation Z demonstrates the most positive response to this policy, making FWA a crucial tool for attracting and retaining young talent. However, the research also identifies several challenges such as policy misuse by some employees and miscommunication in team coordination, particularly in complex projects. The study concludes that FWA effectiveness depends on clear and transparent policy definitions, effective two-way communication between managers and employees, and strong leadership support. Generational differences influence how work flexibility is utilized, with younger generations tending to use it for individual target focus or socialization time, while older generations leverage it for family responsibilities. This research recommends an inclusive approach in designing FWA policies that meet cross-generational needs to optimally drive employee engagement
Perancangan Prototype Sistem Pendeteksi Kebocoran Gas dengan Menggunakan Sensor MQ-9 Berbasis Arduino Uno
Get PDFLPG gas leaks are a serious threat that can trigger fires and endanger human safety. To overcome this problem, this study designed a prototype gas leak detection system based on the Arduino Uno microcontroller using the MQ-9 sensor. This sensor has high sensitivity to LPG, carbon monoxide, and methane. The system is designed to detect gas leaks automatically and in real-time, and provide early warnings through a buzzer sound, a gas level display on a 16x2 LCD, and an exhaust fan activation to reduce gas concentrations in the air. This study uses an Engineering Research approach and goes through the stages of needs analysis, design, implementation, and system testing. The test results show that the system is able to respond quickly and effectively to the presence of hazardous gases, thus potentially improving safety and preventing accidents due to gas leaks in closed environments
GOVERNMENT PUBLIC RELATIONS STRATEGY IN ENHANCING THE INSTITUTIONAL IMAGE OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
Get PDFThe institutional image of the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia (DPR RI) is a crucial element of government administration, as it directly influences political legitimacy, the effectiveness of representative functions, and the quality of state–society relations. This study aims to examine the government public relations strategy of the DPR RI as an integral component of public communication governance in strengthening the image of the legislative institution. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the research draws on field observations, in-depth interviews, document analysis, and literature review to explore how DPR RI Public Relations performs its strategic role in accordance with principles of public administration and government public relations standards. The findings indicate that the DPR RI’s communication strategy operates through four main instruments: digital communication, public information disclosure services through the Information and Documentation Management Officer (PPID), public education programs, and media relations. These instruments are implemented using the RACE (Research, Action, Communication, Evaluation) model as an operational framework for planning, executing, and evaluating public communication. Furthermore, the strategy reflects the Dynamic Government paradigm, particularly in terms of thinking ahead, thinking across, thinking again, and digital adaptation, emphasizing institutional adaptability, cross-unit coordination, and organizational learning. However, the study also identifies persistent challenges, including limited human resources, underdeveloped communication standard operating procedures, and high exposure to negative media coverage. Therefore, strengthening governance-based public relations strategies, enhancing communication capacity, and modernizing the digital ecosystem are essential to building a more credible, accountable, and sustainable institutional image of the DPR RI
Peran Unsur Kesalahan dalam Membangun Sistem Pemidanaan yang Adil pada Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang
Get PDFThis study analyzes the crucial role of the error element (mens rea) as a pillar of fair criminal accountability in the context of Money Laundering Crimes (TPPU) in Indonesia. Through an analysis of court decisions and a normative legal approach, this study aims to understand how men's reinterpretation of the norm contributes to the substantive justice of TPPU criminalization. The results show that the application of mens rea remains a problem in the case of TPPU, marked by inconsistent evidence, expansion of responsibility without strong evidence of intent, and the influence of the doctrine of strict liability. Therefore, this study concludes that strengthening understanding and proofmens reais key to preventing excessive criminalization and ensuring proportionate sanctions. Strategic recommendations include harmonizing regulations and increasing the capacity of law enforcement officials
Analisis Peran Unit Kerja Underwriting, Reasuransi, dan Klaim Dalam Pengelolaan Risiko Asuransi di PT Ahap
Get PDFKinerja pengelolaan risiko asuransi sangat menentukan kemampuan perusahaan asuransi dalam menciptakan dan mempertahankan hasil underwriting sebagai nilai utama perusahaan. Permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam praktiknya adalah bahwa kegiatan pengelolaan risiko masih berjalan secara fungsional pada masing-masing unit teknis, sehingga koordinasi dan integrasi dalam proses penciptaan serta perlindungan hasil underwriting dapat terus ditingkatkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran unit kerja underwriting, reasuransi, dan klaim dalam pengelolaan risiko asuransi di PT AHAP. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan telaah dokumen perusahaan untuk mendapatkan gambaran yang komprehensif mengenai pelaksanaan pengelolaan risiko di masing-masing unit kerja teknis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa unit kerja underwriting berperan dalam menciptakan hasil underwriting melalui seleksi risiko, penilaian kelayakan calon tertanggung, dan penetapan premi dengan prinsip kehati-hatian. Unit kerja reasuransi berfungsi melindungi hasil underwriting dengan mengendalikan eksposur risiko melalui pengalihan sebagian pertanggungan kepada reasuradur. Unit kerja klaim berperan dalam penyelesaian klaim serta memberikan umpan balik terhadap kebijakan underwriting dan reasuransi. Keterkaitan ketiga unit kerja tersebut membentuk siklus yang berkesinambungan dalam menciptakan dan melindungi hasil underwriting sebagai nilai perusahaan asuransi. Simpulan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan risiko asuransi di PT AHAP telah berjalan sesuai dengan fungsi masing-masing unit kerja dan dapat lebih ditingkatkan melalui penguatan koordinasi antarunit agar sistem manajemen risiko perusahaan berfungsi lebih efektif secara menyeluruh. Rekomendasi penelitian ini menekankan perlunya pengembangan sistem manajemen risiko yang terstruktur dan terintegrasi antarunit teknis untuk mendukung pencapaian hasil underwriting yang berkelanjutan
Utilization of Sustainable Livelihood Assets in the Development of Tourism Villages in Labuan Bajo, West Manggarai Regency
Get PDFLabuan Bajo is one of the villages located in Komodo District, West Manggarai Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. This area is known as the gateway to Komodo National Park, which is the natural habitat of the Komodo dragon, one of Indonesia's ancient animals. Labuan Bajo has become a magnet for tourists from around the world thanks to its stunning natural beauty, from exotic beaches and small islands to extraordinary underwater riches. This study aims to provide an understanding of the value of sustainable livelihoods, which will ultimately facilitate the formulation of recommendations for better development and management in the tourist village of Labuan Bajo. The human dimension shows a fairly good score (59.83), indicating that community involvement and capacity are beginning to take shape, although there is still a need for improvement in terms of skills and management. The dimension with the lowest score is finance (35.75), which indicates significant weaknesses in terms of funding, investment, and distribution of economic benefits. This situation makes finance the most vulnerable aspect, which could hinder sustainability if not addressed immediately. Given these weaknesses, it is hoped that future research will expand the variables, adopt more diverse data collection methods (such as in-depth interviews or longitudinal secondary data), and increase the number and distribution of samples to obtain more complete and accurate results
Financial Feasibility and Financial Performance Analysis of the LALABO (Laundry Laboratory) Business Plan as a Hypoallergenic Laundry Service Business Model
Get PDFWith the fast-paced urban lifestyle, there is a growing demand for convenient and technology-driven laundry care services. LALABO (Laundry Laboratory) is a laundry service that offers an integrated system supported by a digital platform and unique features such as express service and specialized baby laundry. The purpose of this research is to investigate the financial viability and performance of the LALABO business plan. The research employs a descriptive quantitative approach using a business feasibility study. Data were obtained through five-year financial projections, analyzed using cash flow statements, balance sheets, income statements, investment feasibility analyses, and financial ratio assessments as secondary data. Findings from the study indicate that LALABO incurred a loss in its first year of operation but achieved profitability with notable improvement in subsequent years. The Net Present Value (NPV) of IDR 10.38 billion and the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 37.42%, which exceeds the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) of 12.07%, demonstrate that the business is financially feasible. Furthermore, the results of the financial ratio analysis show increasing levels of profitability, solvency, and liquidity. Consequently, LALABO has strong potential to become a viable technology-based laundry service business model. The study suggests that integrating hypoallergenic service differentiation with digital operational systems enhances both market competitiveness and long-term financial sustainability, providing an innovative model for the laundry service industry