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When Rights Require Permission: The Discriminatory History of Licensing Laws for Firearm Possession
No full textLewd, Rude, Obscene, and… Violent? Analyzing Student Clothing Depicting Firearms Under the First Amendment’s Obscenity Test
No full textToday’s national news and social media have repeatedly exposed our school-age children to the effects of shootings occurring within their schools and communities. Each shooting brings with it commentary, sometimes from the students themselves. While in-school student speech is more limited than speech levied in the outside world, students do not shed their speech rights at the “schoolhouse gate.” As a result, courts have failed to outline a consistent approach for when a student will be punished for wearing a shirt depicting a firearm to school. This Comment addresses this delicate balance by proposing a consistent three-part test framed by the United States Supreme Court’s obscene speech analysis. To begin, this Comment instructs schools to clearly define what constitutes a firearm on clothing in their dress code. From this point, courts are to consider whether the image on the clothing meets the definition. If it does, courts should examine whether the image appeals to any violent interests by applying a community standard analysis. Under this analysis, courts should consider factors advanced in the recent Seventh Circuit decision N.J. ex. rel Jacob v. Sonnabend. Finally, courts and schools should consider whether the work is patently violent or lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value by determining the “undeniable message” that the clothing conveys. This approach effectively puts parents, students, and school officials on notice of what images are allowed within their school, incorporates considerations important to Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District, and fits within a framework that is familiar to federal courts. Additionally, this test will enable courts to balance students’ interests in political speech with schools’ interest in preventing disruption arising from that speech
Fútbol Profesional, Derecho De La Competencia Y \u27Fair Play\u27
No full textEl presente ensayo examina la relación entre el derecho de la competencia y la noción de «Fair Play» en el ámbito del fútbol profesional. El autor comienza analizando el significado lingüístico y filosófico del término «Fair Play» y valorando cómo las diferentes interpretaciones de esta noción pueden influir en la percepción de lo que se entiende por justicia en el deporte. A continuación, compara la aplicación del derecho de la competencia en EE.UU. y Europa, destacando que, aunque hay diferencias, no existe un verdadero conflicto entre la noción de «Fair Play» y la normativa en materia de competencia. Finalmente, defiende que el derecho de la competencia puede ser utilizado para promover una competición justa y equitativa en el deporte, abogando por la redistribución solidaria de ingresos y el respeto de los derechos laborales en el marco del modelo europeo de deporte.
This essay examines the relationship between competition law and the notion of «Fair Play» in professional football. The author begins by discussing the linguistic and philosophical meaning of «Fair Play» exploring how different interpretations can influence the perception of fairness in sports. He then compares the application of competition law in the US and Europe, highlighting that, despite differences, there is no inherent conflict between «Fair Play» and competition law. Finally, the author argues that competition law can promote fair and equitable competition in sports, advocating for the solidarity-based redistribution of income and the respect for labor rights within the framework of the European sports model
