Masaryk University Journals / Časopisy Masarykovy univerzity
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Výskum kostola v Hontianskych Nemciach
No full textArchaeological research conducted inside the church in 2011 and its results showed that V. Mencl's interpretation and view of the architectural development of the church were incorrect, at least in the final part, where he defines it as the last three-nave Romanesque basilica in Slovakia. The medieval church was single-naved, and its division into the three naves we can see today probably took place at the end of the 17th century, as confirmed by the text on a stone tablet above the entrance door from 1702. V. Mencl also mentions extensive construction work on the church during the renaissance period. This fact was confirmed by the presence of renaissance paving (underneath baroque paving) and the existence of frescoes on the wall between the presbytery and the nave. During research outside the church in 2011, part of the walls was uncovered, probably related to the fortification of the church. In 2016, another test pit revealed the connection between the foundation walls of the tower and the adjacent side aisles.Archeologický výskum v interiéri kostola v Hontianskych Nemciach v roku 2011 a jeho výsledky priniesli poznatky o nesprávnej interpretácii V. Mencla a jeho pohľade na architektonický vývoj kostola, aspoň v tej záverečnej časti, kde ho hodnotí ako poslednú trojloďovú románsku baziliku na Slovensku. Stredoveký kostol bol jednoloďový, k jeho rozdeleniu na tri dnešné lode prišlo pravdepodobne až koncom 17. storočia, ktoré potvrdil text na kamennej tabuli nad vstupnými dverami do kostola z roku 1702. Aj V. Mencl spomína rozsiahle stavebné práce na kostole v renesančnom období. Tento fakt potvrdila prítomnosť renesančnej dlažby a existencia fresiek na dnešnej povale pri rozhraní presbytéria a lode kostola. Počas výskumu v exteriéri kostola bola roku 2011 odkrytá časť muriva súvisiace pravdepodobne s opevnením kostola. V roku 2016 potom ďalšia sonda preukázala previazanie základového muriva veže a priľahlé bočné lode
Analysis and interpretation of fabrics and footwear from grave no. 10/85 on the Dómské návrší hill, Olomouc
No full textČlánek se věnuje analýzám fragmentů textilu a obuvi, které vyzvedl V. Dohnal z hrobu č. 10/85 během systematického archeologického výzkumu Dómského návrší v Olomouci. V roce 1985 proběhla sondáž u jižní stěny ambitu kostela sv. Václava. Zde se podařilo prozkoumat deset kostrových hrobů v superpozicích zpravidla bez hrobové výbavy. Výjimečný je v tomto ohledu hrob č. 10/85, který kromě lidských ostatků obsahoval několik desítek kusů textilií. Na základě analýzy byly fragmenty textilu datovány do doby okolo poloviny či druhé třetiny 15. století. Podle rozboru jde především o hedvábné tkaniny pocházející z Itálie či Španělska. Interpretace původní funkce nálezů dokládá, že v hrobě byl zřejmě pohřben církevní hodnostář. Údajně z hrobu rovněž pocházejí dva páry obuvi, rámcově datovatelné do přelomu 16. a 17. století, jde však zřejmě o intruzi.This article is devoted to the analysis of fragments of fabrics and footwear gathered by V. Dohnal from grave no. 10/85 during systematic archaeological research into the Dómské návrší hill in Olomouc. In 1985, probing was carried out at the south wall of the Church of St. Wenceslas. Ten skeletal graves in superpositions, mostly without grave goods, were investigated. Exceptional in this respect was grave no. 10/85 which contained several dozen pieces of fabrics in addition to human remains. On the basis of analysis, the fabrics fragments were dated to around the middle or second third of the 15th century. According to the analysis, these are mainly silk fabrics originating from Italy and Spain. Interpretation of the original function of the finds shows that a church dignitary was probably buried in the grave. Two pairs of shoes, preliminarily dated to the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries, allegedly come from the same grave, yet they are probably intrusive
Neskorostredoveký dom z Rumanovej : predbežné výsledky so zreteľom na analýzu mazanice
No full textThe purpose of the paper is to present preliminary results of the analysis of the mud from the research of the late medieval extinct village of Tomanová from the first half of the 15th century. The extinct village was discovered during an aerial survey and the object under investigation – a basement medieval house – was selected and identified based on geophysical measurements. During its research, a massive layer of mud was detected. It was also taken from an object located in the immediate vicinity of the house. Based on the mud from these objects, we will try to point out the informative value of the mud and the possibilities of its research. We will try to identify various structural and building techniques in the construction of a medieval house and an outbuilding. The analysis of selected mud and clay fragments is also subjected to initial archaeobotanical analysis, which will provide us with information about the building material and cultivated crops.Zámerom príspevku je prezentovať predbežné výsledky analýzy mazanice z výskumu neskorostredovekej zaniknutej dediny Tomanová z prvej polovice 15. storočia. Zaniknutá dedina bola objavená počas leteckej prospekcie a skúmaný objekt – podpivničený stredoveký dom bol identifikovaný na základe geofyzikálneho merania. Pri jeho výskume bola zachytená mohutná vrstva mazanice. Tú sa podarilo odobrať z domu, ako aj z objektu, ktorý sa nachádzal v bezprostrednej blízkosti domu. Na základe mazanice z týchto objektov sa pokúsime poukázať na výpovednú hodnotu mazanice a na možnosti jej skúmania. Pokúsime sa identifikovať rôzne konštrukčné a stavebné techniky pri výstavbe stredoveké domu a hospodárskej stavby. Analýza vybraných fragmentov mazanice a hliny je podrobená aj prvotnej archeobotanickej analýze, ktorá nám poskytne informácie o stavebnej hmote a pestovaných plodinách
The property and settlement activities of the non-ruling Přemyslids
No full textStudie zkoumá majetkovou základnu nevládnoucích Přemyslovců v kontextu osídlování českých zemí ve 12. a 13. století. Zaměřuje se především na majetky, které nevládnoucí členové přemyslovského rodu vlastnili a následně darovali církevním institucím, vychází přitom z písemných pramenů, především darovacích listin, které naznačují, že vedle tradičních údělů spravovali nevládnoucí Přemyslovci i alodiální majetky. Ty se nacházely jak v jádrových oblastech osídlení, tak v řídce obydlených regionech, které byly později kolonizovány církevními institucemi. Studie se zaměřuje na jednotlivé linie Přemyslovců a jejich majetkové transakce a analyzuje, jakým způsobem Přemyslovci spravovali své majetky a proč je darovali církevním institucím. Ukazuje se, že důvodem nebylo pouze zajištění zádušních mší a duchovní spásy, ale také strategická správa území, které nebylo pro Přemyslovce ekonomicky klíčové. Závěrem studie konstatuje, že nevládnoucí Přemyslovci spíše nehráli významnou roli v osidlování Čech, a to především prostřednictvím církevních institucí, které na darovaných územích prováděly kolonizační činnost. Tento proces vedl k postupnému ekonomickému a sociálnímu rozvoji regionů, což mělo dlouhodobé důsledky pro strukturu českého státu.The study explores property holdings of non-ruling Přemyslids during the 12th–13th centuries in the Czech lands. It focuses on estates they owned and donated to church institutions, based on written sources, mainly donation decrees. Besides traditional fiefs, they managed allodial estates in core areas and sparsely populated regions later colonized by the church. The article examines individual lineages: the Děpolt family held large estates in eastern Bohemia, smaller ones near Litoměřice and Domažlice; the Jindřich family was linked to Doksy monastery; sons of King Vladislav II owned smaller estates in Bonětice and Jaroměř. Donations served not only spiritual aims but also strategic management of less crucial lands. The study questions whether they held administrative or military roles, suggesting possible undocumented fiefdoms. It concludes that non-ruling Přemyslids influenced settlement mainly through church-led colonization, shaping long-term regional development
18th Conference on Formal Description of Slavic Languages (FDSL 18) : 30 years of formal Slavic linguistics in Europe
No full textAccompanying Beginning Teachers' Professional Development: Horizontal Dynamics of Collaboration and Care
No full textThis study explores accompaniment interactions that support the construction of professional learning for those who receive accompaniment and those who provide it. The research was conducted within the framework of a teacher induction accompaniment program, which involved 72 beginning teachers between 2023 and 2024, along with eight accompaniment facilitators from diverse sociocultural backgrounds, varying in age, educational trajectories, and institutional affiliations. Through a thematic analysis of letters, video recordings of meetings, and workshop sessions, the findings suggest that, given the complexity of the teacher induction experience, engaging in accompaniment that is grounded in a pedagogy of care — characterized by the disruption of hierarchies and the use of meaningful materialities — fosters an awareness of embodied learning. This learning emerges from the personal and professional dimensions of our histories, enabling us to recognize, resignify, and care for ourselves and others. With this article, we aim to contribute to the ongoing dialogue on the importance of exploring and developing alternative pedagogies and methodologies rooted in epistemologies that invite us to rethink how we relate to one another through an ethic of care in the work of accompanying others on their path into the teaching profession.This study explores accompaniment interactions that support the construction of professional learning for those who receive accompaniment and those who provide it. The research was conducted within the framework of a teacher induction accompaniment program, which involved 72 beginning teachers between 2023 and 2024, along with eight accompaniment facilitators from diverse sociocultural backgrounds, varying in age, educational trajectories, and institutional affiliations. Through a thematic analysis of letters, video recordings of meetings, and workshop sessions, the findings suggest that, given the complexity of the teacher induction experience, engaging in accompaniment that is grounded in a pedagogy of care — characterized by the disruption of hierarchies and the use of meaningful materialities — fosters an awareness of embodied learning. This learning emerges from the personal and professional dimensions of our histories, enabling us to recognize, resignify, and care for ourselves and others. With this article, we aim to contribute to the ongoing dialogue on the importance of exploring and developing alternative pedagogies and methodologies rooted in epistemologies that invite us to rethink how we relate to one another through an ethic of care in the work of accompanying others on their path into the teaching profession
School Leader(ship) in Focus : Understanding Current Challenges and Shaping Future Perspectives
No full textReviving Buddhism in Western India : pluralism and cultural hybridization in the Ambedkarite Buddhist Movement(s)
No full textThis article explores the contemporary forms and internal diversity of Ambedkarite Buddhism, tracing its origins to B. R. Ambedkar's mass conversion movement in 1956. Based on field research conducted in Maharashtra and analysis of both primary and secondary sources, it examines how Ambedkarite Buddhism, as understood by many of its followers today, has been shaped by ongoing — and often competing — processes of legitimization, cultural bricolage, and hybridization. These dynamics inform debates over authenticity, reinterpretations of Buddhist symbols and practices, and the negotiation of collective identities and their boundaries. The article argues that while these processes have produced a wide spectrum of cultural forms — reflecting tensions between personal spiritual reform and collective social transformation — they have also contributed to the adaptability of Ambedkarite Buddhism within both local and global contexts
What do we really know about Buddhist meditation research? : controversies and problems surrounding the study of Buddhist meditation
No full textBuddhist meditations have become a prominent subject in modern science, often approached with respect and reverence. However, this study reveals controversial aspects of research on Buddhist meditations, which lead to a uniform portrayal of these practices as a panacea. The study reveals the historical background of Buddhist meditation research and points out where the overly positive image of Buddhist meditations, lacking reporting on their side effects, comes from. It focuses on engaged scientists associated with the mindfulness movement and the Mind and Life Institute, which are creating a new missionary effort to promote religious interests through a scientific framework. The rise of positive psychology and the influence of social media also play a crucial role in perpetuating this idealized image. Consequently, the article sheds light on the current dynamics between science and Buddhism, in which scientific inquiry investigates Buddhism, while Buddhism also utilizes science to advance its interests
