Assam Don Bosco University Journals
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Prediction of cloudburst using passive microwave remote sensing
Get PDFCloudburst refers to the extreme form of precipitation, with a high amount of rainfall within a short span of time. It often leads to flash flood, landslide and damage of infrastructure due to heavy rainfall. The loss of lives is also not very uncommon. Hence a prediction mechanism of extreme precipitation is the need of the hour. The present paper presents a mechanism of prediction of cloudburst by detecting the formation of cumulonimbus type cloud, using the brightness temperature (TB) difference between 19 and 91 GHz TB values in horizontal polarization and descending passes of the SSMI satellite of NASA. This simple mechanism based on the Tb difference threshold value has been tested for several places in India, during 2013-2016. It is found that the prediction of cloudburst is possible with a lead time of 1-4 days using this algorithm
Evaluation of vegetal cover loss and its impact on surface temperature in Manipur valley using remote sensing and GIS technology, India
Get PDFThis study assesses forest cover change (1989–2016) in the Manipur valley using Landsat imageries and examines the quantum change in land surface temperature within the study area. Vegetation abundance is one of the most influential factors in controlling Land surface temperature. Vegetation change, NDVI and LST maps of four different dates are generated using Landsat TM images for 1989, 2002, 2009 and Landsat 8 OLI for 2016. Limited ground truth verification and field visits were conducted. The study reveals that the forests area decreased at an average annual rate of 330 ha year-1, amounting to a rate of loss of 8.6 % year-1 whereas the built-up area increases by 4 fold and the surface temperature simultaneously increases spatially over the study periods. The initial findings have shown that there is significant increase in the built-up areas, the conversion of forest cover into residential and commercial areas resulted in higher LST in impervious areas. Dense forest and water bodies comparatively observe low temperature than the built-up land. The study evaluates the relationship between the land surface temperature and vegetation cover loss, using Normalized vegetation index (NDVI) to indicate vegetation abundance. A strong negative correlation results between LST and NDVI, where the cooling effect of green areas can be observe. The results indicate a greater loss of the natural ecosystem to infrastructural development at the expense of forest class
ANALOGY BETWEEN NEOCLASSICAL GROWTH MODEL OF ROBERT SOLOW AND MOLECULAR DYNAMICS PERMITS A NEW PATHWAY ON GOODS-IN-PROCESS
Get PDFIn the present study, Robert Solow’s neoclassical growth model is extended and is shown to have resemblances with molecular dynamics. Here the labor force growth rate is comparable with 1st order kinetics. The natural rate of Solow due to involvement of technical progress is comparable to concurrent reaction which indicates that under competitive situation technical made product is more advanced than labor made product. The concurrent production system helps to develop a new system of production (sequential type). Mathematically the status of the labor force before the commencement of technical progress per unit volume of definite output is shown which is critically analyzed and the condition for maximization is found out
A Review on Sliding Mode Control: An Approach for Robust Control Process
Get PDFThe main objective of this paper is to review various research works related to the modelling of Sliding Mode Controller (SMC) for process control carried out by different researchers for designing high-performance nonlinear controller in the presence of uncertainties. The effects of the controller over non-linear process have made it the most adaptive type to any uncertainties in it. Although it has its own problem, referred to as the chattering phenomenon, there are the methods as discussed in this paper to eliminate it
CRIMINALITY AMONG YOUTH AND RECIDIVISM
Get PDFCriminality as a form of human behaviour is a phenomenon deserving continued study and research to enhance common weal, or at least to ensure trouble free society. The question of „nature‟ and „nurture‟, or role of biological factors and environmental factors in influencing human behaviour is relevant in the discussion of criminality as well. The rising trend of „youth in crime‟ calls for proper diagnosis of this social illness and search for viable remedies. It is against this background that the tendency of „young offenders‟ in the process of correction or having completed correctional treatment to fall back into crime is being studied. Is this on account of biological factors or has it more to do with the environment? Or is the correctional procedure itself the unwitting culprit criminalizing a „First Time Young Offender‟? What are the ways and means by which the correctional procedure can be made meaningful, re-forming and re-integrative?Focusing on these research questions, primary data on “Criminality among Youth and Recidivism†was gathered from the Young Offenders residing in Ernakulam District (Kochi Corporation area) of Kerala state, who have served a term in the prison in the age group of 18 to 35 years, police officials and prison staff and secondary sources of data were books, journals, newspaper articles, records and websites. In an attempt to identify the factors that generate and perpetuate youth criminality, the study focused on four major areas – (a) Socio-economic background in the criminal behaviour of youth (b) Nature and recurrence of crime among youth (c) The influence of Alcohol/ Drugs in inducing criminal behaviour (d) The response of the police personnel regarding the first time offenders and their correction.The study is descriptive in nature and the tools administered were Interview schedule for the youth and interview Guides for the correction staff. The study revealed the major factors that contributed to the criminality of individuals. Evidences of negligence in the protection of human rights and failure in giving psychological support services have detrimentally affected the reformative behaviour of the offenders. The findings highlight the need for discussing the How‟s and Why‟s of recidivism and is really an eye-opener on how our correctional institutions becomes a breeding ground for intense criminalities. Article attempts to point out the implications for professional social work practice in criminal justice and reformation
Improvement of Water Use Efficiency and Remote Sensing Applications for Surface Soil Moisture Monitoring
Get PDFWater is the most essential commodity for human beings to be alive and so it is very necessary to make proper use of water without wasting it. Irrigation sector is the biggest consumer of water as more than 80% of available water resources in India is being presently utilized for irrigation purposes. However, the average water use efficiency of irrigation projects in the country is assessed to be only of the order of 30 to 35%. In the north eastern region also, performance of the existing irrigation schemes (particularly, the major and medium irrigation schemes) suffer from low water use efficiency, distribution losses, poor operational maintenance and management and non-availability of water in the tail ends. The region has unique geographical, topographical, climatological settings and sociological characteristics, which are also influencing factors of low water use efficiency. Again, water demand for various purposes namely irrigation, drinking, domestic, power, industrial and other uses is increasing day by day leading to severe seasonal stress on water resources in the region. Its scarcity is more pronounced with increasing population and needs. In this paper the water use efficiency of the Sukla Irrigation Project is calculated as per methodology given in the guidelines for computing the Water Use Efficiency of the Irrigation Projects, CWC, February 2014. It has also been attempted to analyze the scope of improvement of the water use efficiency of the same. The water use efficiency of the project under existing condition was found to be 33.54%. The results reveal that management interventions of converting unlined canal sections into lined canal sections under practical achievable conditions can improve the conveyance efficiency (a component of water use efficiency) up to 75%. As a result, an amount of about 16 Mm3 water can be saved from which about 2673Ha additional area can be irrigated. With very good level of maintenance the conveyance efficiency can be further enhanced to 95%. This will lead to saving of 53 Mm3 of water from which about 8794 Ha of additional area can be irrigated. This paper also presents a review of the progress in remote sensing of soil moisture, with focus on technique approaches for soil moisture estimation from optical, thermal, passive microwave, and active microwave measurements
Solar Energy Utilization in Raj Bhawan and Bijulee Bhawan, Guwahati: A Case Study
Get PDFIn this paper, a case study regarding utilization of solar energy in Raj Bhawan and Bijulee Bhawan in Guwahati is presented. Solar photovoltaic (PV) system is used to harness solar energy in both the sites. A comparative analysis of the reduced energy consumption after commissioning the grid-interactive solar plant in Raj Bhawan is presented along with an overview of the off-grid solar plant in Bijulee Bhawan
Designing of a Wind Power System in Azara area of Guwahati, Assam
Get PDFWind and Solar energy are the non-conventional sources of energy. It is predicted that the conventional sources of energy will get exhausted in the mere future. Taking that into consideration, a portable model is developed for the utilization of wind energy. Energy produced from the movement of blades depends on different parameters like curvature of blade, blade angle and also the associated drive system. Apart from that it is also dependent on the external factors like wind coming from nearby water sources, texture (i.e. presence of trees, mountains, sand fields) which behaves as wind corridors, seasons etc. The model can produce an output of 12W-16Wdepending on the wind speed. The paper is stressed on the various types of blade design suitable for operating in low wind velocities in Azara area whose exact location is 19.08130 0N and 72.888600E (location of School of Technology, Assam Don Bosco University)
