Assam Don Bosco University Journals
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Trend and Variability of Rainfall: A Case Study of Shillong City
Get PDFThis study aims to investigate and analyze the trends and variability of rainfall in Shillong and its nearby areas, located in Meghalaya hills of North-east India; which is geographically a neighbouring area to the wettest places of the Earth, i.e., Cherrapunji and Mawsynram. The analysis of variability and trends to annual, seasonal, monthly and daily rainfall was carried out, using the data collected from the IMD station at Shillong; thereby attempting to highlight whether rainfall in Shillong area has been increasing or decreasing over the years. Rainfall variability coefficient is utilized to compare the current rainfall trend of the area with its past rainfall trends. The present study also aims to analyse the frequency of occurrence of extreme rainfall events over the region. These studies will help us to establish a correlation between the current rainfall trend and climate change scenario of the study area
Problems of Rural Elderly Women in Kerala: A Social Work Concern
Get PDFAgeing is a multi-dimensional process that affects every aspect of human life. The traditional Indian society and the age-old joint family system have been instrumental in safeguarding the social and economic security of the elderly people in the country and they were the most respectful members in joint family. However, such values are disappearing in the families as other family members particularly working family members have very less time to give and provide prompt care to them. Good health, economic and social security and adequate housing are essential requirements of aging with dignity, but elderly especially women in both developed and developing countries face difficulties in accessing these essentials. The present article is based on a study conducted in Kerala among sixty rural women who are in the age group of 60+ to find out and describe specific challenges/problems they face in the domains of health, role and status in the family and their life satisfaction. The data has been collected using a structured interview schedule. The major findings show that: majority of the women suffer from some physical illness, more than 50 per cent of them are dissatisfied with their present physical health status and 16 per cent of them are not satisfied in their life, an alarming situation which calls for social work intervention
North-east and Chinky: Countenances of Racism in India
Get PDFThe issue of discrimination and violence experienced by the people from the so called North-East India recently had a brief rendezvous with major Indian media. However, beside few articles in journals and national papers, the issue again failed to engender rigorous theoretical discourses amongst academics. It is observed that without undoing the colonial and consequently the racial connotation of the concept North-East there is a proliferation of academic centres taking the name North-East. This article analyses theoretically the concepts North-East and chinky and brings out their racial characteristics. The growth of the concept North-East from the colonial administrative usage to its contemporary racial nature is captured in the paper
A Qualitative Study on Microwave Remote Sensing and Challenges Faced in India
Get PDFOver the past few decades remote sensing has expanded its limits with exponential rise in technology that facilitates accurate data fetching in real time. In view of some of the major problems faced by developing nations, particularly India with its recent advancement in space technology, remote sensing has a vital role to play in resolving many such problems. In the light of recent Global Space Programs where several satellites have been launched for large area mapping using microwave sensors, microwave remote sensing can play a vital role as India experiences a large number of disasters every year. Also, majority of Indian population relies on farming for their livelihood. Microwave remote sensing can have significant effects in both these two scenarios as opposed to its conventional counterpart, optical remote sensing under diverse conditions and facilitate better results in terms of disaster management, prediction and increasing crop yield. The current paper brings out the various details on the work done by using active microwave remote sensing, with specific illustrative examples, for disaster management support, crop management techniques and the challenges associated on carrying out such researches in a diverse terrain like India
A study on Hydroelectric and Irrigation potential of Dikhow river, Assam
Get PDFHydropower as a form of renewable resource is very essential in the sustainable development of a country. On the basis of various studies made on Dikhow a perennial river of length of 255.8 km using GIS and Remote sensing an attempt has been made to locate suitable sites for dams for generating power or supplying water for irrigation and other purposes. The river Dikhow originates at Assam-Nagaland border at 26.08°N latitudes and 94.56°E longitudes and flows though the plains of Assam and finally to the mighty Brahmaputra at 26.99°N latitudes and 94.45°E longitudes covering an area of 4128.42 km2. An attempt has been made to create a thematic assessment map to locate suitable sites for dam using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS). The characteristics of these thematic maps have been derived with the help of different softwares (Arc GIS 10.1, and Global Mapper 11). A database of the catchment area is constructed to decide the locations of the proposed dams. From the three locations(site 1,2 and 3) chosen, site 1 has been considered suitable for irrigation purposes whereas out of the sites 2 and 3 are chosen for Hydropower generation, site 2 has been considered more suitable for the purpose, because of its more reservoir storage, lesser width of the channel and presence of suitable foundation material required for dam construction
INVESTIGATION OF CERTAIN PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF A THALLIUM ACTIVATED SODIUM IODIDE SCINTILLATION DETECTOR
Get PDFAn investigation and quantification of certain performance characteristics of a flat type 3†x 3†thallium activated sodium iodide scintillation detector was carried out. Certain performance characteristics like the operating voltage, the energy calibration, the photomultiplier tube (PMT) gain, the detector resolution and detector efficiency of the detector were determined and discussed. A quality assurance programme was carried out in laboratories of North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India and Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India to validate our analytical method for determination of radio-nuclides in environmental samples. The quality of the data generated by cross-checking method assures that the NaI(Tl) detector which is used for our study is efficient and trustworthy whereby data generated by it can be considered authentic and of acceptable quality.Â
Macro and Micro-fungi mediated synthesis of Silver
Get PDFSilver nanoparticles of size ranging from 1 ∼ 100 nm are petite metallic colloidal particles, with its applications in diagnostics, biomarkers, imaging, cell labeling and drug delivery. Fungus-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles is an ecofriendly andgreen process with a comparatively simpler downstream processing. In the presentstudy, the ability of macrofungi and pine stand soil fungi was evaluated for their ability tosynthesize both extracellular as well as intracellular silver nanoparticles. When the macroand microfungi were challenged with 1 mM silver nitrate, colour change of the cell freefiltrates indicated the formation of silver nanoparticles. The presence of silvernanoparticles was confirmed by Surface Plasmon Resonance absorption band in visiblewavelength visualized every 24h upto 72h.Silver nanoparticles are known to possess asharp peak in a range of 400-450 nm and peaks observed at 457nm, 403nm and 414nm bymushroom support their synthesis in comparison to that of 349nm by soil fungi.Transmission Electron Microscopic analysis of the silver nanoparticles revealed thenanorange, dimensions and structural conformation ofbio synthesized nanoparticles.Synergistic study of the synthesized nanoparticles revealed a significant antibacterialactivity against four pathogens viz. MTCC 730 (Escherichia coli), MTCC 1925(Streptococcus pyogenes), MTCC 96 (Staphylococcus aureus) and MTCC 430 (Bacilluscereus).Additionally, the silver nanoparticles inhibited the growth of the yeastpathogen MTCC 183 (Candida albicans) which showed synergistic enhancement inactivity along with flucanazole. The fungal samples were analyzed for phytochemicalconstituents who led to reduction of silver nitrate into nanoparticles. The results obtainedindicated that the experimental voucher fungus are more competent than soil fungi insynthesizing silver nanoparticles and can be used a potent natural antibacterial source forvarious pharmaceutical and textile applications
Temporal changes of Fluvio-Morphological scenario and its impact on Settlement: A GIS based study for Mandia block, Barpeta District, Assam
Get PDFThe Mandia Block of Barpeta District Assam undergoes episodes of changing geomorphology due to change in Manas-Beki-Brahmaputra River System. Significant amount of Geographical area within the block is covered by this river system. Temporal change in River System leads to change in sandbars which are being used by thousands of people as their settlement and agriculture. Geospatial Technology is used to study temporal change within the Block between 1972 and 2013. Within 41 years significant change has been observed in fluvial scenario and settlement pattern in this area. The Beki river shows significant shift in its channel pattern and confluence; River Brahmaputra tend to widen towards north causing major erosion in 1972 Northern bank line. Nearly thirteen settlements got severely affected by this change. Present day directions of Remote Sensing are identification, mapping, inventory, monitoring and surveillance. Hence it is found to be an effective tool for attempting this problem of temporal behavior of the river system
Remote sensing technique- a tool for environmental studies
Get PDFEnvironment belongs to all and is important to all. As per definition of the Environment Protection Act, environment includes all the physical and biological surroundings and their interactions. The study of environment or rather environmental studies is a multi-disciplinary which needs knowledge interest from physical sciences (physics, chemistry, mathematics), biological sciences (botany, zoology, microbiology, biochemistry), social sciences, economics, sociology, education, geography) etc
Soil Moisture determination from Passive Microwave Remote Sensed data using ANN
Get PDFSoil moisture is a derived product of passive microwave remote sensors. But the soil moisture data from passive microwave sensors is often not correct for the places having large open water bodies. The present paper describes a technique of soil moisture determination from passive microwave brightness temperature values, by using ANN. Two ANNs are trained using either brightness temperature values or Polarization Index (PI) values as input with measured actual soil moisture values as target. The trained ANNs are then capable of estimating the soil moisture values with fair accuracy. The technique using PI and two brightness temperature values as input is found to be a better technique, due to less data requirement for both training and estimation