International Journal of Innovative Approaches in Science Research (IJIASR) / Uluslararası Fen Bilimlerinde Yenilikçi Yaklaşımlar Dergisi
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Improvement of Superior Genotypes from Anatolian Sage (Salvia Fruticosa Mill.) Populations By Clonal Selection
Get PDFThis research was conducted with the purpose of obtaining high quality plants by selection breeding of Anatolian sage (Salvi afruticosa Mill.) in different locations of Antalya province. In this research, clonal individual plants belong to Salvia fruticosa Mill. species, were collected from 15 different populations in the flora of Antalya. The clonal selection method was used in the breeding of this species, which is propagated clonally. Dry herbage yield was between 748.34 and 1135.15 kg%252Fda for A clones, while it was between 748.34 and 1135.15 kg%252Fda for B clones in terms of the population mean. The highest dry leaf yield was determined 534.36 and 605.867 kg%252Fda for A and B clones respectively. Furthermore, 1.8-cineole, camphor and caryophyllene were determined as the main components of essential oils. The proportion of 1.8-cineole was determined between 34.51-73.49%25. In this research, it was observed that there was a large variation between clonal lines, and some of them were determined as important in terms of morphological characteristics, yield and quality
Cheese-Algae Interactions
Get PDFAlgae are everywhere in this planet. They have been used in a wide variety of industries because of unique chemical composition and high concentration of bioactive substances. The agar, alginate and carrageenan are products which come from the gelling, thickening and stabilizing properties of algae. In addition algae is considered to be an important supplement and an additive to handy foods. They are also added up to products of fish and oils, to promote their quality, as well as to meat products like steaks, pastry , frankfurters and sausages. Algae is also used in grain products and their derivatives , like bread, pasta and flour. Because of their critical characteristics algae plays a role in the fermented functional food structure. The majority of fermented products made with algae are dairy products and their derivatives. Mixed fermented products, which contain an intensive population of lactic acid bacteria and algae, contain biologically active metabolites of natural origin, which enables not only the creation of high-nutrient products, but also the creation of a novel types of fermented food
Eggplant Anther Culture%253A Association Between Bud%252FAnther Size and Microspore Developmental Stage in Different Eggplant Genotypes
No full textAnther culture is a valuable method for obtaining haploid and doubled haploid (DH) plants from microspores and there are several factors influencing the induction of androgenesis such as genotype and microspore development stage. The aim of the present work was, therefore, to identify the bud stages, with maximum amount of young microspores (YM) and mid microspores (MM), thought to be most responsive to embryogenesis induction in anther cultured, and to investigate the influence of genotype on embryogenesis. In this work, first of all anthers and buds containing the highest percentage of YM and MM in four different F1 eggplant genotypes were identified. Results revealed that a certain bud%252F anther size group in each genotype might correspond to different microspore %252F pollen development stage in different genotypes. After determining the best anther length in order to increase the presence of YM and MM corresponding anthers were collected for four genotypes and cultured. Embryo and regenerated plantlet production were taken into consideration to evaluate the response to anther culture for each genotype. Embryos were obtained in all 4 genotypes with variable percentages, ranging from 3,57%25 to 40.67 %25. As a conclusion, related bud and anther length determined for each genotype could be used as fast and reliable criteria to determine the most responsive microspore%252Fpollen developmental stage, which has maximum amount of YM and MM, to increase the efficiency in eggplant anther culture
Ulupınar Gözlemevinde Fiziksel Risk Etmenleri Araştırması
Get PDFBu çalışma, kapalı ortamların iç hava kalitesi (İHK) ile elektrikli ve elektronik cihazların elektromanyetik radyasyonunu (EMR) tespit etmek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kapalı ortam olarak Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Astrofizik Araştırma Merkezi (ÇAAM) ve Ulupınar Gözlemevi ele alınmıştır. Bu kapalı ortamın hava kalitesi düzeyleri ve araştırmacıların maruz kalabileceği radyasyonun miktarları tespit edilmiştir. Bununla beraber sıcaklık ve nem ölçümleri de yapılmıştır. Araştırma merkezi ve teleskop kubbelerinin İHK ölçümleri PCE-RCM 15 partikül sayım cihazı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gözlemevinde bulunan teleskoplar, elektrik panoları, kubbe motorları ve bilgisayarlar başta olmak üzere elektrikli araç gereçlerin elektrik alan ve manyetik alan şiddetleri ise CE belgeli GM 3120 elektromanyetik radyasyon ölçüm cihazı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hava kalitesi ölçümleri araştırmacı ve ziyaretçilerin yoğun olarak bulunduğu ve gözlemlerin gerçekleştiği zaman dilimlerinde kesintisiz olarak kaydedilmiştir. Elektromanyetik radyasyon ölçümleri ise kaynağı en yakın noktandan başlanarak 0,1 m, 0,3 m ve 1 m mesafelerde gerçekleşmiştir. Teleskopların ve teleskop ofislerinin elektromanyetik radyasyon değerleri ve iç hava ortam ölçüm değerleri oldukça düşük değerlerde tespit edilmiştir. Bu nedenle araştırmacı ve ziyaretçiler için ÇAAM ve Ulupınar Gözlemevinin elektromanyetik radyasyon miktarının ve kapalı ortam hava kalitesinin iş sağlığı ve güvenliği açısından risk oluşturmadığını söylemek mümkündür
Ethnobotanical Uses of Liliaceae s.s. and Colchicaceae Taxa in Turkey
Get PDFThe relationship between plants and humans is as old as human history. The branch of science that studies this relationship between humans and plants is called ethnobotany. People have been used plants in various ways, including food, medicine, clothing, goods, and firewood. Geophyte is a name given to herbaceous plants with special subsoil stems, such as bulbs, rhizomes, and tubers. In the Flora of Turkey, monocotyl geophytes are represented by 688 species, of which 244 are endemic. The rate of endemism is 35.5%25. They belong mostly to the families Liliaceae s.l., Amaryllidaceae, Iridaceae, Araceae, and Orchidaceae. There are many reports on the ethnomedicinal effects of Liliaceae s.s. and Colchicaceae families. This review reports on the findings of an ethnobotanical survey of Liliaceae and Colchicaceae families used in Turkey. As a result of the study, we listed that four Gagea, four Tulipa, three Fritillaria, and two Lilium taxa from the Liliaceae s.s., and three Colchicum taxa from the Colchicaceae were used ethnobotanically by local people in Turkey. It was also apparent from the results of the study, Liliaceae s.s. and Colchicaceae families are mostly used by local people for ornamental plant. The genus Tulipa has the greatest number of ethnobotanical uses. The most commonly used plant parts are whole plants, bulbs, and flowers
Evaluation of BACTECTM FX Blood Culture System for Rapid Sterility Testing of Human Medicinal Solutions for Infusion
Get PDFHuman medicinal products for infusion should be tested for sterility at various stages of manufacturing including the final step before marketing. Conventional sterility methods recommended in pharmacopeia need a 14 days incubation period in order to get reliable analytical results. However, rapid alternative methods based on automated detection of microbial growth have the advantage of taking only 5 days for sterility testing of medicinal products which can be very important especially during pandemics and emergency conditions. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the microbial detection potential and capacity of the BACTEC FX system for the rapid sterility testing of Paracerol, a 10 mg%252FmL paracetamol containing pediatric medicine for infusion, and to specify time required for the detection of a variety of microorganisms. Accordingly, the results showed that there were no significant differences between the BACTEC and conventional membrane filtration methods for detecting contamination. All positive%252Fnegative controls and all samples intentionally contaminated with microorganisms were determined correctly by using both methods. BACTEC FX system detected all microorganisms including slow growers significantly faster than the membrane filtration method (plt%253B0.05). This system can be considered as a rapid alternative over conventional sterility methods for the release of human medicinal products for infusion to the markets especially under emergency conditions. However, for each particular products, validation steps should be executed according to European Pharmacopoeia by using a broad range of microorganisms
Diversity of Mollusc Vectors of Schistosomiasis in Miti-Murhesa Health Zone, Eastern of DRC, Kabare Territory
Get PDFThe main objective is to inventory the vectors of bilharziasis in the aquatic ecosystems of KABARE locally in Miti-Murhesa Health zone as well as other species of aquatic molluscs in order to activate the fight against this endemic disease of this region. A total of 2762 samples were collected during our investigation period in the aquatic ecosystems in Miti-Murhesa Health Zone. We carried out field work based on shellfish sampling using appropriate methods. This sampling was carried out in 12 different sites. After collect of samples, we identified the mollusc species using the indicated identification keys, counted them and compiled them in Excel software for statistical analyses using Past software. Thus, five species of aquatic molluscs were identified. These species are Biomphalaria pfeifferi, Bulinus globosus, Pisidium casernatum, B. forskalii and Lymnaea natalensis. The species Biomphalaria pfeifferi and Bilinus globosus are intermediate hosts of intestinal schistosomiasis and urinary schistosomiasis respectively%253B while Lymnaea natalensis is the intermediate host of fasciolosis. Depending on the frequency of species, Biomphalaria pfeifferi and Lymnaea natalensis are constant species, Bulinus globosus and Psidium casernatum are accessory species and finally B. forskalii is an accidental species.Depending on the sites prospected, one species of aquatic mollusc was abundant in the aquatic ecosystems in this area%253A Biomphalaria pfeifferi%253B three species are moderately abundant%253A Lymnaea natalensis, Bulinus globosus and Pisidium casernatum, and only one is rare%253A Tomichia ventricosa. All the prospected sites are diversified in aquatic mollusc species except the Kashekesheke site, but the 2nd tarmaque site, Mulungu River and Kamulonge sites are thus the richest sites in aquatic mollusc species of Miti-Murhesa Health zone. The presence of these species clearly shows the risk of contamination of the population of Miti-Murhesa Health zone. These intermediate hosts of bilharzia are proliferating in the aquatic ecosystems of Miti-Murhesa Health zone%253B it is therefore important to recommend ways to reduce this proliferation. This study provides the basis for future ecological studies of the intermediate bilharzia host molluscs in this entity
Kavunda (Cucumis melo L.) Üstün Nitelikli Bitki ve Meyve Özelliklerine Yönelik Gen Havuzu Oluşturulması
Get PDFKavun tüm Dünyada ve Türkiyede de yetiştiriciliği yapılan en önemli sebze türlerinden biridir. Türkiyede yetiştirilen en önemli 2 kavun tipi Galia ve Kırkağaçtır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, her iki tip için ıslah amaçlı gen havuzu (popülasyon) oluşturma ve bu oluşturulan popülasyonlardan kendileme ve seleksiyon metodları ile kaliteli yarıyol ıslah materyali (F3 ve F4 hatları) seçimi ve karekterizasyonunun yapılmasıdır. Bu çalışma piyasada yetiştirilen%252Fpopüler 5 adet Galia F1 ve 8 adet Kırkağaç F1 çeşiti ile yürütülmüştür. Ayrıca bu hibritler arasında yeni melezler yapılmıştır. Popülasyonlardan seçilmiş F3 ve F4 hatların bitki ve meyve gözlemleri yapılmış ve sera koşullarında doğal inokülasyonla külleme dayanımları kontrol edilmiştir. Yapılan ölçüm ve gözlemler UPOV Kavun Tanımlama Listesi kriterlerinin modifiye edilmesiyle yapılmıştır.Daha sonra seçilmiş yarıyol ıslah materyallerinin en önemli özellikleri TBA ve Kümeleme analizleri ile istatistiki olarak test edilmiştir. Yapılan istatistiki analize göre, hatlara yapılan gözlemler arasındaki korelasyonlar belirlenmiş, ayrıca analiz edilen hatlar için dendogram oluşturulmuş ve bununla hatlar arası akrabalık dereceleri gözlenmiştir. Istatistiki analizi yapılan seçilmiş kaliteli 55 Galia F3 ve 46 Galia F4 hatları arasında oldukça yüksek genetik çeşitlilik bulunduğu görülmüştür. Erkencilik genetik çeşitliliğe etkisi en etkin olan özellik olarak bulunmuştur. 128 adet Kırkağaç F3 ve 122 adet Kırkağaç F4 hatların istatistik analizi sonucunda yine genetik çeşitliliğin oldukça yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. F3 hatlarda meyvede pütürlülük, F4 hatlarda ise TSS özelliğinin genetik çeşitliliğe etkisi en yüksek bulunmuştur. Oluşturulan dendogramlarda Galia F3 hatlarının 2 ana ve 6 alt küme oluşturduğu, Galia F4, Kırkağaç F3 ve Kırkağaç F4 hatları için 2 ana ve 7 alt küme oluştuğu görülmektedir. Ayrıca hatların şema üzerindeki dağılımına göre F1 ıslahında kullanılmak üzere birbirinden uzak olan hatlar belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak F1 ıslahında kullanılmak üzere bitki ve meyve özellikleri tanımlanmış ve yerel PM ırkı için dayanıklılığı belirlenmiş kaliteli 101 adet Galia ve 250 adet Kırkağaç yarıyol ıslah materyalleri elde edilmiştir
Effect of Blanching and Sun-Drying on the Nutritional and Microbiological Qualities of Vegetables in Ilorin Metropolis, Nigeria
Get PDFVegetable has been identified as a potential tool to curb the menace of malnutrition%253B however, leafy vegetables are highly perishable. This study evaluated the nutritional and microbiological qualities of vegetables before and after blanching and solar-drying. The vegetables were evaluated for proximate and microbiological analysis using streak and pour plate methods. Four bacteria and seven fungi were isolated and characterized, their percentages of occurrence show%253B Pseudomonas putida (25%25), Bacillus cereus (12.5%25), Staphylococcus aureus (37.5%25), Aeromonas hydrophila 25%25. Also, Aspergillus niger 25%25, Aspergillus flavus 12.5%25, Rhizopus stolonifer (16.66%25), Mucor micheli (8.34%25), Candida albicans (8.34%25), Alternaria alternate (16.66%25) and Rhizopus oligoporus (12.5%25). Nutritional compositions were determined. These results showed evidence of contaminations by potential pathogens during production and a slate change in nutritional content of the preserved vegetables. It is now important to pay attention on microbial qualities of leafy vegetables to safeguard the health of the consumers and forestall the possible risk of vegetable borne diseases
Genetic Diversity of Some Quercus (Fagaceae) and their Putative Hybrids in Turkey
Get PDFIn the study, Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) method was used to identify and differentiate between twelve different white oaks to show their genetic diversity. On the other hand, interspecific hybridization is quite common among oak species. This situation makes the hybridization between closely related parents possible. Besides genetic diversity of some white oaks, the five putative hybrids which are morphologically indistinguishable were also studied. ISSR markers produced a total of 89.71 %25 polymorphism with Quercus taxa and a total of 175 bands were revealed by 11 ISSR primers. Statistical analysis softwares, Minitab, NTSYS-pc (Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System) and POPGENE (Population Genetic Analysis) softwares were used to reveal variations between these white oaks. Effective allelic frequency, Shannon index, genetic distance was calculated by the POPGENE software. The most distance taxon was Q. pontica, then Q. vulcanica found to be genetically distant among the taxa. The results of the two analyses, cluster (CA) and principal component (PCA) are in correlation with each other and giving four groups among the studied oak taxa. Putative hybrids are usually located between their presumed parents in the dendrogram and graphs. Consequently, this preliminary study showed that ISSR markers can be used with confidence for genetic diversity of white oaks. It can also be helpful for putative hybrids to some extent