International Journal of Innovative Approaches in Science Research (IJIASR) / Uluslararası Fen Bilimlerinde Yenilikçi Yaklaşımlar Dergisi
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Determination of Volatile Aroma Compounds in the Catherina Peach Variety
Get PDFPeach (Prunus persica L. Batsch), belonging to the Rosaceae family and classified under the Prunoidea subfamily of the Rosales order, is divided into three cultural forms%253A fuzzy (Prunus persica vulgaris Mill), non-fuzzy (Nectarines) (Prunus persica var. nectarina Maxim), and tomato peach (Prunus persica var. platycarpa). Peaches are primarily consumed as fresh fruit but are also used for industrial purposes. This study utilized the Catherina variety from a specific orchard in the Kumkale region of Çanakkale%252339%253Bs. The collected samples were analyzed in the laboratory to examine their chemical properties. A total of 33 components were identified through the analyses. According to the results, the total values of the aroma groups were as follows%253A aldehydes (443.65 mu%253Bg%252Fkg), lactones (35.48 mu%253Bg%252Fkg), alcohols (10.80 mu%253Bg%252Fkg), esters (29.41 mu%253Bg%252Fkg), and terpenes (19.28 mu%253Bg%252Fkg). This study determined the volatile aroma compound values of the Catherina peach variety
A Study on Developing a Sustainable In Vitro Propagation Method for Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)
Get PDFMyrtle (Myrtus communis L.), one of the typical natural plants of the Mediterranean Basin, has economic and ecological importance due to the essential oil obtained from its leaves, its fruits and its potential for use as an ornamental plant. However, factors such as habitat loss, overharvesting and low natural reproduction rates threaten the sustainability of myrtle populations. This research was carried out to determine the most appropriate nutrient medium combination for sustainable in vitro propagation of myrtle, to determine the optimum conditions for rooting of in vitro propagated plantlets and to acclimate the rooted plantlets to external conditions. MS %2B 1 mg%252Fl BAP %2B 0.2 mg %252Fl IBA medium gave the most successful results in terms of shoot number per explant and shoot length. The results obtained showed that myrtle clones selected for different purposes can be propagated in a short time by tissue culture
Harnessing the Power of Quantum Computing to Build an Ideal Team and Line-Up for the Euroleague Fantasy Challenge
Get PDFQuantum computing (QC) is a computational science that provides efficient results for solving optimization problems. Quantum annealing (QA) is a form of QC and leverages superposition and quantum tunneling, which are phenomena of quantum mechanics. QA is used to solve real-life problems thanks to its superior properties. Therefore, studying QA with a specific focus on fantasy sports based on realistic scenarios offers a relatively under-explored, but promising approach, which represents the primary motivation of this study. Thus, this study presents a mathematical model for the Euroleague Fantasy Challenge (EFC) by Euroleague based on binary integer programming (BIP) to build the ideal team by selecting 10 players and one head coach among 288 players and 18 head coaches, in such a way that some team-building criteria set by the EFC are met and the PTM (Avg points) is maximized. To achieve it, this study uses the open-source Python library PyQUBO to express this model in the quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) form and solves this model in the QUBO form through the D-Waves Leap Hybrid (quantum-classical) Solver to identify the ideal basketball team and head coach. Accordingly, a mathematical model based on BIP is presented to find the team formation with the highest PTM (Avg points) value, considering various potential team formations for the chosen team. It then converts this model into the QUBO form in the PyQUBO library and solves it on both the D-Waves Advantage 4.1 and Hybrid Solver. Both solvers suggest the same line-up (1 guard, 3 forwards, 1 center) as the ideal line-up. This study will hopefully contribute to the relevant field by encouraging further studies to leverage QC to guide complex decision-making processes in all team sports
Effect of L-Dopa on Carboplatin Induced Hepatotoxicity
Get PDFCarboplatin is an alkylating antineoplastic drug. Although carboplatin induces apoptosis in rapidly dividing cells like cisplatin, it has fewer side effects. The use of platinum compounds as antineoplastic agents at high doses causes hepatotoxicity, which is important in dose regulation. Levodopa is used as a precursor for dopamine synthesis in the brain in the treatment of Parkinson%252339%253Bs disease. Dopamine synthesized in the liver from levodopa cannot cross the blood-brain barrier. There are studies suggesting that dopamine may have a protective effect on hepatocytes. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the cytoprotective effect of levodopa in cell damage induced by carboplatin in the liver cell line. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT test by exposing AML-12 hepatocyte cells to the combination of Carboplatin, L-DOPA and Carboplatin %2B L-DOPA for 24 hours (0, 3.13, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 ,100 micro%253BM) has been left. The LD50 value of carboplatin was determined as 62.65 micro%253BM. The LD50 values of the combination of L-DOPA and carboplatin %2B L-DOPA were higher in the tested dose range. The cytotoxic effect of carboplatin on the AML-12 cell line was determined by the increasing LD50 value, which was statistically significantly reduced when combined with levodopa. Further studies are needed to explain the mechanism of action
An Integrated Risk Sensitive Crop Allocation Model with Pollination Intelligence Algorithm
Get PDFA risk sensitive model for allocation of crops is considered in this work. The constructed model was designed to help farmers decision making process, thereby maximizing the use of agricultural land. Market price, cost of cultivation, yield of crops and climatic conditions were factors considered in the models. The theory of chance constraint programing was used to handle uncertainties that arise in crop planing. Data of known yield of crops were harvested and analyzed with the help of statistical tools. A class of Pollination Intelligence Algorithm was adopted to solve the model
Detection of Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii among Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Clinical Samples
Get PDFAcinetobacter baumannii is an aerobic, Gram -negative cocco-bacilli, non-fermentative, non-motile, and non-fastidious organism belonging to the genus Acinetobacter. The A. baumannii has emerged as a worldwide nosocomial pathogen causing about 80%25 of nosocomial infections comprising ventilator-acquired pneumonia, bacteremia, meningitis, urinary tract infections, skin and soft tissues infections associated with high mortality rate of approximately 63.3%25. Although literature shows sufficient information about the drug resistant A. baumannii, there has been inadequate reports on the antibiotic resistance level of this bacterium in the study area. The aim of this research was to detect Multidrug-resistant A. baumannii isolates among Gram-negative bacteria isolated from Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe, Nigeria. A total of 1008 clinical samples were collected and cultured on MacConkey agar and Blood agar plates at 37o C for 18-24 hours. Following the incubation period, discrete colonies obtained were subjected to Gram staining. The Gram-negative isolates were identified based on conventional biochemical tests with further use of VITEK 2 COMPACT (BioMérieux, France) for confirmation of A. baumannii amongst the Gram-negative organisms. The results obtained showed that 263 Gram-negative organisms were isolated. A. baumannii accounted for 8.5%25 prevalence. Most of the A. baumannii isolated were from the male patients (75%25) within the age range of 33-48 years. Antibiotic susceptibility test using Kirby Bauer method in accordance with CLSI guidelines was done on 20 A. baumannii isolates. The isolates were more sensitive to levofloxacin (60%25), followed by Gentamicin (55%25), then Ciprofloxacin and Tetracycline (50%25) respectively. High level of resistance to Ceftriaxone (80%25), Cefepime (75%25), Ceftazidime (65%25), Piperacillin-Tazobactam (55%25), Ampicillin%252FSulbactam (60%25), Tigecycline (60%25), Meropenem (55%25) and Amikacin (60%25). This study revealed that 15 (75%25) of the A. baumannii were found to be multidrug-resistant. Therefore, antibiotic stewardship is necessary to combat further dissemination of this organism
Farklı Rakımlarda Yetiştirilmiş Yenice Kırmızı Biberinin Kalite Değişimleri
Get PDFÇanakkale ili Yenice ilçesinin kırmızı kapya biberi diğer biberlerden farklı kalitesiyle Coğrafi İşaret tescili ile lsquo%253BYenice Kırmızı Biberilsquo%253B olarak anılmaktadır. Bu kapsamda Yenice Kırmızı Biberine ait verim ve kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla Yenice ilçesinde kapya tipi biber yetiştiriciliği yapan üreticiden temin edilen tohumalar farklı yükseltilere sahip üç lokasyonda standart bakım işlemleri ile yetiştirilmiştir. Deneme, tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüş ve her tekerrürde 15 adet meyve kullanılmıştır. Biberlerde verim, kalite özellikleri incelenmiş ve aroma bileşenleri kompozisyonu değerlendirilmiştir. Ulaşılan bulgulara göre Yeniceye özgü ekolojik özellikler sebebiyle%253B Yenice Kırmızı Biberi, 158.21 g ortalama meyve ağırlığı, 75.17 mm meyve eni ndash%253B 18.49 cm meyve boyu, daha doygun kırmızı meyve rengi, %258.33 suda çözünebilir kuru madde ve 6.97 g%252F100 g toplam şeker miktarı, 5.78 mm meyve eti kalınlığı, 2.6 lop sayısı, diğer lokasyonlardan fazla sayıda aroma bileşeni ile Ezine ve Merkez ilçede yetiştirilen biberleri geri planda bırakmıştır. Yenice Kırmızı Biberinin coğrafi olarak yakın mesafelerde yetiştirilen diğer biberlerden daha üstün bazı verim ve kalite özelliklerine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir
Induction of Polyploidy in Stevia Plants (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) Using Colchicine
Get PDFThe primary objective of this study was to establish a protocol for induction of polyploidy in S. rebaudiana var. Levent 93. As a plant material in vitro propagated seedlings of stevia variety Levent 93 were used. For induction of polyploidy, shoot tips with 3-4 leaves of seedlings were immersed in 0.5%25 concentration of colchicine solution for 1, 2 and 4 hours. Then, shoot tips treated with colchicine solution and distilled water were taken into rooting medium. Plants that developed successfully in the rooting medium were transferred to pots and acclimatized to the external environment. Flow cytometry ploidy analysis was performed on plants treated with colchicine solution after approximately 8 months. According to the ploidy analysis results, it was determined that 17 plants were diploid and 3 plants were tetraploid among 20 plants that survived after treatment with colchicine. All tetraploid plants were observed in 2 hours treatments. As a result of the study, the viability rate, plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, chlorophyll amount, ploidy levels and core DNA contents of stevia plants treated with colchicine were determined and diploid and tetraploid plants were compared. When diploid plants and tetraploid plants are compared, it is concluded that tetraploid plants have smaller averages in terms of plant height average, while they have larger averages in terms of leaf number average and number of branches
Comparison of Adsorption Isotherm Models for Methane and Carbon Dioxide Adsorption onto Activated Carbon
Get PDFModeling and simulation of an adsorption-based gas separation process require accurately measured gas adsorption isotherms and isotherm model fittings. In this study, adsorption equilibria data of pure Methane (CH4) and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) onto activated carbon adsorbent (Calgon Co.) were extracted from the literature. Each experimental isotherm was correlated by the Simple Langmuir (SL), Dual Process Langmuir (DPL), Three Process Langmuir (TPL), Toth, and the Unilan models and the deviations were evaluated. Other than SL, all four models showed very good agreement with the experimental data. The fitting parameters for all models presented in this article can be used for any type of adsorption-based separation modeling which includes the BPL-activated carbon and analyzed gases
Quality Characteristics of Pembe Patlıcan%253B A Local Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Genotype from Çanakkale Ezine
Get PDFThere are many local eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) genotypes produced by our producers from their own seeds in various regions of our country. These genotypes are an important breeding resource and have been produced for many years due to their unique characteristics such as taste, smell, color and their health benefits. Çanakkale Ezine region has many unique local agricultural products. Evaluating these genotypes in terms of their health effects, some important quality characteristics and external appearance is an important issue for the agricultural development of the region. The %252339%253BPembe Patlıcan%252339%253B eggplant genotype, grown in significant quantities in the Ezine region, is a local genotype known in the region for its color, taste and nutritional properties. First aim of the study was to determine the Pink Eggplant genotype, which is produced intensively by different producers in Çanakkale Ezine region%253B in terms of ascorbic acid content, total carotenoid content, total phenolics content, water-soluble dry matter, titratable acidity, color parameters (L, a, b, Hue) and some important flavonoids (luteolin, apigenin, naringin, catechin). Second aim is to contribute to the agriculture of the region by determining the characteristics of this genotype in the samples produced in the region. Third aim is to have preliminary information about the characteristics of this genotype to guide other possible studies on it. It has been observed that the %252339%253BPembe Patlıcan%252339%253B genotype, in addition to its unique color that evokes red and purple color perceptions, is an eggplant genotype with high levels of ascorbic acid. In terms of flavonoid components, it was determined that the catechin component was the highest and the luteolin component was the lowest