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SITUS LAMBANAPU: DIASPORA AUSTRONESIA DI SUMBA TIMUR
Get PDFAbstract, Lambanapu Site: Diaspora Austronesia In East Sumba. The research at Lambanapu Site aims to determine the position of Lambanapu in the distribution and development of Austronesian ancestors and their culture in Sumba. The method used is survey, excavation, analysis, and interpretation. The results of the research are skeletal findings and urn burial also artifacts which are pottery, beads, metal jewelry, and stone tools. From the dating result it is known that Lambanapu Site was inhabited at least 2.000 years ago and from paleantropology analysis, it is estimated that the individuals found from primary and secondary burial in Lambanapu are a mixture of Mongoloid and Australomelanesoid. Genetic mixing is very possible, given the history of the archipelago's occupation which was filled by several waves of great migration in the past. The Lambanapu site has provided an overview of Sumba's ancestral life in the context of the archipelago. The Lamabanapu research results show us, how Lambanapu and Sumba in general rich with historical and cultural values of the past that are very useful for today's life. The wealth of historical and cultural values is not only for local interests, but also to fill the rich history and culture of the archipelago, and even contribute to global history. Keywords: Lambanapu, prehistoric, Austronesian Abstrak, Penelitian di Situs Lambanapu bertujuan untuk mengetahui posisi Lambanapu dalam persebaran dan perkembangan leluhur Austronesia dan budayanya di Sumba. Metode yang dilakukan adalah survei, ekskavasi, analisis, dan interpretasi. Hasil penelitian berupa temuan rangka dan kubur tempayan serta artefak berupa gerabah, manik-manik, perhiasan logam, dan alat batu. Dari hasil pertanggalan diketahui bahwa setidaknya Situs Lambanapu telah dihuni 2.000 tahun yang lalu. Hasil analisis paleoantropologi diperkirakan individu yang ditemukan di Lambanapu, baik kubur primer maupun sekunder, merupakan percampuran antara Mongoloid dan Australomelanesoid. Percampuran genetika memang sangat memungkinkan terjadi mengingat sejarah hunian Nusantara yang terisi oleh beberapa gelombang migrasi besar pada masa lampau. Situs Lambanapu telah memberikan gambaran kehidupan leluhur Sumba dalam konteks Nusantara. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan betapa Lambanapu dan Sumba pada umumnya memiliki kekayaan nilai sejarah dan budaya masa lampau yang sangat bermanfaat bagi kehidupan masa kini. Kekayaan nilai sejarah dan budayanya tidak hanya untuk kepentingan lokal, tetapi juga untuk mengisi kekayaan sejarah dan budaya Nusantara, bahkan kontribusi bagi sejarah global. Kata kunci : Lambanapu, prasejarah, Austronesi
AGE ESTIMATION OF PAWON MEN THROUGH TEETH IDENTIFICATION USING JOHANSON METHOD THROUGH CBCT 3D RADIOGRAPH
Get PDFAbstrak. Estimasi Usia Manusia Pawon melalui Identifikasi Gigi dengan Metode Johanson pada Radiograf CBCT 3D.Manusia Pawon merupakan manusia prasejarah yang ditemukan di Gua Pawon. Di dalamnya, terdapat sisa tulang yang telah rapuh dan gigi yang masih tertanam pada tulang alveolar meskipun telah tertimbun tanah ribuan tahun lamanya. Gigi tersebut kemudian dijadikan sebagai alat identifikasi primer dalam penelitian forensik odontologi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui estimasi usia Manusia Pawon melalui identifikasi gigi menggunakan metode Johanson pada radiograf CBCT 3D. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Sampel sebanyak 21 gigi yang tertanam pada tulang alveolar dan tidak terdapat pada garis fraktur. Pengukuran estimasi usia dengan metode Johanson dilakukan dengan perangkat lunak Ez-Implant menggunakan teknik non-invasif CBCT 3D. Hasil penelitian pada Rangka I (R.I) menghasilkan estimasi usia dengan kisaran antara 32,00-33,92 tahun, Rangka III (R.III) dengan estimasi usia 32,94-36,28 tahun, Rangka IV (R.IV) dengan estimasi usia 34,42 tahun, dan Rangka V (R.V) dengan estimasi usia 27,36-31,35 tahun. Simpulan penelitian menunjukkan estimasi usia Manusia Pawon dengan metode Johanson pada radiograf CBCT 3D berkisar antara 27,36-36,28 tahun. Abstract.Pawon men are prehistoric humans who lived in Pawon cave. The skeletons found in the cave consist of remains of brittle bones and teeth which are still attached to alveolar bone even though it had been buried in soil since thousands of years ago. The teeth are then used as primary identification in forensic odontology research. This research’s aim is to compare the existing age estimation of Pawon men with more recent method, namely Johanson method through CBCT 3D Radiograph. Previously, the age estimation was only based on visual observation of posterior molars’ attrition by Brothwell method. This research is a descriptive study using purposive sampling. The samples are 21 teeth that are intact and attached to the alveolar bone without any fracture line. The age estimation with Johanson method using Ez-Implant software is non-invasive age measurement by Cone Beam Computed Tomography 3D radiograph. The results showed that the age of the first Pawon man is 32-33.92 years old, the third Pawon man is 32.935-36.275 years old, the fourth Pawon man is 34.42 years old, and the fifth Pawon man is 27.36-31.35 years old. The second Pawon man is not included in sampling criteria. The measurement using Johanson method through CBCT 3D is more specific and detailed in yielding the age estimation compared to the Brothwell method
SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS ARKEOLOGI ISLAM BERBASIS WebGIS: KAJIAN ARKEOLOGI PUBLIK
Get PDFAbstract. WebGIS-Based Archaeological Geographic Information System of Islam: Study on Public Archaeology. Information technology has become a necessity in storing and providing information. The availability of fast and accurate information is vital to human survival today. This study aims to design Islamic archeology information systems in South, Southeast, and West Sulawesi based on WebGIS. The research method used is literature study and system design using HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) programming language, PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor), and JavaScript. A series of program codes are connected to an open source program called MapServer and Google maps. The method of data collection is to explore the reports of Archeology Research Institute of South Sulawesi from 1996 to 2017, then the archaeological data are integrated into one database. Next, all the archaeological data are compiled into spatial format in order to have the same geographical reference. The overlay between Google maps with Islamic archaeological data in South, Southeast, and West Sulawesi is very easily accessible effectively and efficiently by various parties due to the use of the Information System of Islamic Archaeological based WebGIS. Abstrak. Teknologi informasi sudah menjadi sebuah keharusan dalam penyediaan dan pemberian informasi. Ketersediaan informasi yang cepat dan akurat menjadi hal penting bagi kelangsungan hidup manusia saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sistem informasi peninggalan arkeologi Islam di Sulawesi Selatan, Tenggara, dan Barat berbasis WebGIS. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah studi pustaka dan perancangan sistem dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor), dan JavaScript. Rangkaian kode-kode program dikoneksikan dengan sebuah program open source bernama MapServer dan peta Google. Metode pengumpulan data yaitu mengeksplorasi laporan hasil penelitian Balai Arkeologi Sulawesi Selatan dari tahun 1996 sampai 2017, kemudian data arkeologi diintegrasikan kedalam satu database, selanjutnya menset-up seluruh data arkeologi kedalam format spasial agar memiliki referensi geografis yang sama. Hasil penyatuan (overlay) antara peta Google dengan data-data arkeologi Islam yang ada di Sulawesi Selatan, Tenggara, dan Barat sangat mudah diakses secara efektif dan efisien oleh berbagai pihak yang berkepentingan karena sudah menggunakan Sistem Informasi Arkeologi Islam berbasis WebGIS
Geologi situs paleolitik das kikim, kabupaten lahat, provinsi sumatra selatan.
No full textLahat is one of the districts within the province of South Sumatra, the site of research, saving many cultural remains, one of them from the paleolithic period, which for so long received no attention from environmental researchers. This is the basis of the main problems that cover geology in general. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to conduct surface geology mapping in general as an effort to present geological information, while the aim is to know the geomorphological aspects, stratigraphy, geological structures associated with existence in paleolithic sites of research area. The research method begins with literature review, survey, analysis, and interpretation of field data. Environmental observations provide information about the landscape consisting of terrestrial morphology units, weak corrugated morphology units, and strong corrugated morphology units. The rivers are in the Old River, the Adult River, and Periodic /Permanent River. The constituent rocks are Gumai Formation, Benakat Air Formation, Muara Enim Formation, Kasai Formation, and alluvial. The geological structure is a strike slip fault that flows northeast-southeast. The study was conducted on the Kikim River, Lingsing River, and Pangi River, which stretches from east to west with direction from south to north. Exploration in the Kikim Basin, Lahat District has managed to find 30 paleolithic sites.Keywords: Geology, Pleistocene, Paleolithic, Open SiteABSTRAKLahat merupakan salah satu kabupaten dalam Provinsi Sumatra Selatan yang menjadi lokasi penelitian, menyimpan banyak tinggalan budaya, salah satunya dari masa paleolitik, yang sekian lama tak mendapat perhatian dari para peneliti lingkungan. Hal inilah yang dijadikan dasar permasalahan utama yang mencakup geologi secara umum. Oleh sebab itu, maksud penelitian ini dalah untuk melakukan pemetaan geologi permukaan secara umum sebagai salah satu upaya untuk menyajikan informasi geologi, sedangkan tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui aspek-aspek geomorfologi, stratigrafi, struktur geologi yang dikaitkan dengan keberadaan di situs-situs paleolitik wilayah penelitian. Metode penelitian diawali dengan kajian pustaka, survei, analisis, dan interpretasi data lapangan. Pengamatan lingkungan memberikan informasi tentang bentang alamnya yang terdiri dari satuan morfologi dataran, satuan morfologi bergelombang lemah, dan satuan morfologi bergelombang kuat. Sungainya berstadia Sungai Tua, Sungai Dewasa-Tua, dan Sungai Periodik/Permanen. Batuan penyusun adalah Formasi Gumai, Formasi Air Benakat, Formasi Muara Enim, Formasi Kasai, dan aluvial. Struktur geologi berupa patahan geser yang berarah timur laut-tenggara. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Sungai Kikim, Sungai Lingsing, dan Sungai Pangi, yang membentang dari timur ke barat dengan arah aliran dari selatan ke utara. Eksplorasi di DAS Kikim, Kabupaten Lahat telah berhasil menemukan 30 situs paleolitik. Kata kunci: Geologi, Plistosen, Paleolitik, Situs Terbuk
WARISAN BUDAYA SEBAGAI BARANG PUBLIK: Cultural Heritage as Public Property
Get PDFAbstract. The basic concept of this research departs from the view that cultural heritage is essentially a property of community, so that it requires public policy to manage it. Based on such perspective, the research was focused on the management of cultural heritage as public properties. The objective of this research is to reveal the management of public property from the aspects of public policy which was primarily derived from the study of scientific literatures and empirical evidences. This research used qualitative and explanative method using public relation model that emphasized on the effort to improve people’s perspective on the image of archaeology. Until today, the hypothesis that cultural heritages are public properties which could be enjoyed unconditionally by the public remains a theory. The research results proved that the hypothesis was correct. Keywords: Policy, public, management, cultural heritage. Abstrak. Konsep dasar penelitian ini berangkat dari pandangan bahwa warisan budaya pada hakikatnya adalah milik masyarakat sehingga dalam pengelolaannya diperlukan kebijakan publik. Berangkat dari konsep di atas, permasalahan penelitian ini adalah “bagaimanakah pengelolaan warisan budaya sebagai barang publik”? Tujuan penelitian ini terfokus pada pengelolaan barang publik ditinjau dari aspek kebijakan publik yang berasal dari berbagai literatur ilmiah dan didukung pengalaman pribadi penulis selama berinteraksi dengan masyarakat. Kajian ini bersumber dari sintesa berbagai hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya dalam berbagai tema dan topik penelitian. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksplanatif kualitatif dengan pendekatan hubungan masyarakat (public relation model) yang menekankan pada upaya perbaikan image ‘citra’ arkeologi di mata masyarakat. Barang publik untuk rakyat yang semestinya dapat dinikmati secara gratis oleh masyarakat hanya berupa teori. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa pengelolaan warisan budaya sebagai barang publik tidak bisa sepenuhnya dapat dinikmati oleh masyarakat secara gratis. Kata kunci: kebijakan, publik, pengelolaan, warisan,budaya
The Impact Of Coastal Line Development Of The Jambi Area During Late Pleistocene - Recent Time On Decline Of The Srivijaya Kingdom Prosperity
Get PDFPaleocoastal line analysis around Jawa indicates similar development to Sumatra, at least there are five paleocoastal lines that could be reconstructed due to periodically sea level raised periods along Late Pleistocene - Recent sea level fluctuations. Field studies both in Jawa and Sumatra which supported by laboratory analysis also show that coastal line evolution was shifted to the present seaward, which reveals the dropped sea level globally at the same time. In terms of Srivijaya Kingdom’s trading activity in Jambi area that predicted as river ports around the mouth of paleo-Batanghari River and as beach ports surrounding paleocoastal of Jambi, the paleocoastal lines evolution as mentioned above would gave a shallow effect in the upper reaches of the river. This shallowing up process due to the sedimentary deposition and dropped sea level would restrict the shipping activity for trading process. It means a new port, both beach and river ones as central tradingplaces have to be built and shifted also to the north-eastern part where a new coastal line formed and previous coastal lines became terrestrial. Movement of central trading activity in Srivijaya period to the northeast-outer area of Jambi will decrease or even put an end to economic activity in the new hinterland part of Srivijaya. Field geological investigation in Jambi area revealed that dropped sealevel, denudation, tectonic and sedimentation were most probably responsible to the inflation and declining of Srivijaya Kingdom until its last prosperity.
