Jurnal Fakultas Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran
Not a member yet
875 research outputs found
Sort by
LEGAL PERSONALITY OF BRICS AND IMPLICATION TOWARD INDONESIA'S FOREIGN TRADE POLICY AFTER JOINING AS NEW MEMBER
Get PDFThis article is the authors’ response to Indonesia's joining the BRICS alliance. BRICS is an acronym for its founding countries: the Federative Republic of Brazil, the Russian Federation, the Republic of India, the People's Republic of China, and the Republic of South Africa. The main objectives of BRICS are to increase economic growth, enhance cooperation among its members, and reform the international financial and political systems representing the interests of developing countries. This article investigates the impact of Indonesia's participation in BRICS, particularly on Indonesia's foreign trade policy, by asking two questions. First, what is the legal personality of BRICS regarding international trade relations? Second, can BRICS help Indonesia achieve its international trade policy? It is unclear which specific role BRICS will play concerning international trade relations among its members and how they will cooperate with others if there is no definitive legal commitment among themselves. This article finds that BRICS has no international legal personality as a legal entity and is not an international organization as well as a trading bloc as regulated in Article XXIV of GATT, Enabling Clause, Article V GATS, and General System of Preferences; it is just merely a political Global South networking alliance. It is challenging for BRICS member countries to achieve their objectives if no commitment is made in the form of hard law instruments such as international agreements regulating trade relations. It is time for Indonesia to rethink how to maximize its potential in international Trade by utilizing its participation in PTA with its trading partner
Responsibility For the Crime of Motor Vehicle Theft with Aggravation
Get PDFIn the Criminal Code, thefts of property with sufficient value or significance are governed by Article 363. A strong proof of the elements constituting the crime of theft must begin with proving the primary form of the crime, as the stipulation of the crime of theft is the crime of theft committed in a certain way and under certain circumstances and severe circumstances. committing a theft is a crime. The aim of this research is to understand and analyze the characteristics of aggravated theft and motor vehicle theft as well as understand and analyze the accountability and law enforcement of perpetrators of the crime of aggravated motor vehicle theft. Normative legal research, which is a process of scientific research to seek truth from a normative perspective and based on scientific logic, was employed in this investigation. analytical procedures based on inductive reasoning, moving from a particular instance of a problem to its broader category. Based on the research results, the characteristics of the crime of theft at the Foresthreecoffee Cafe on Tuesday 11 May 2021 at around 15.15 WIB were the crime of theft with aggravation. The crime of theft with aggravation was committed by AR. The object of the theft carried out by suspect AR was a 2016 white Honda Beat motorbike in the name of LFL. That because all the elements of Article 363 paragraph (1) 5 of the Criminal Code have been fulfilled, AR is declared to have been legally and convincingly proven to have committed a criminal act as charged in the single indictment of the Public Prosecutor. The court decided to sentence AR to prison for 1 year and 6 months.Dalam KUHP, pencurian barang yang cukup bernilai atau penting diatur dalam Pasal 363. Pembuktian yang kuat terhadap unsur-unsur yang menjadi tindak pidana pencurian harus dimulai dengan pembuktian bentuk pokok dari tindak pidana tersebut, sebagaimana ketentuan tindak pidana pencurian adalah tindak pidana pencurian yang dilakukan dengan cara tertentu dan dalam keadaan tertentu dan keadaan yang berat. melakukan pencurian adalah kejahatan. Rumusan pertanyaan penelitian ini adalah bagaimana berat ringannya tindak pidana pencurian kendaraan bermotor (curanmor) ditimbang terhadap tanggung jawab pelakunya. Penelitian hukum normatif, yaitu suatu proses penelitian ilmiah untuk mencari kebenaran dari sudut pandang normatif dan berdasarkan logika ilmiah, digunakan dalam penyelidikan ini. prosedur analitis berdasarkan penalaran induktif, berpindah dari contoh masalah tertentu ke kategori yang lebih luas. Kesalahan berfungsi sebagai dasar untuk tanggung jawab. Dalam pengertian yang lebih terbatas, kesalahan dapat berupa kesengajaan (opzet) atau kecerobohan (culpa). Membahas kesalahan mengharuskan menangani kesalahan individu. Konsekuensinya, konsep tanggung jawab pidana merupakan inti dari bidang hukum pidana, dan rasa bersalah merupakan esensinya. Pertanggungjawaban pidana bergantung pada dapat atau tidaknya unsur pidana ditegakkan. Jika Surat Dakwaan Tunggal Jaksa Penuntut Umum menyatakan bahwa terdakwa melakukan kejahatan, beban pembuktian beralih ke penuntutan untuk menetapkan tanpa keraguan bahwa terdakwa melakukan kejahatan itu
State Losses Due to Corruption of Tin Commodity Trade Area of PT Timah TBK Mining Business License Area
Get PDFMining as one of the largest natural resources in Indonesia has a positive impact on the country, especially as a source of income. Thus, losses incurred due to mining have a huge impact on the state treasury. This research focuses on one of the causes of losses in the mining business sector, namely corruption in the tin commodity trade system by PT Timah Tbk. The research results show that the mode of corruption by PT Timah Tbk which is suspected of causing environmental losses of 271 trillion was carried out by forming puppet companies to accommodate the collection of illegal tin ore from the Mining Business Permits granted. The Prosecutor's Office's efforts to restore state finances are not only by carrying out asset recovery, but also by rehabilitating the environmental damage that has arisen, including its ecological impact on society. Then, the concept of ideal mining management can be built by strengthening aspects of government supervision accompanied by transparency and community participation. Apart from that, law enforcement needs to be tightened to close the loopholes for fraud and mining business violations
Implementation of International Marine Law in Maintaining Marine Wealth (Fukushima Nuclear Waste Disposal)
Get PDFThis paper examines the legal and environmental impacts of Japan's nuclear waste disposal policy and its implications for international relations with neighboring countries. Using the theory of state obligations and responsibility as a theoretical framework, the research applies a normative approach. The sea, as a vital natural resource, must be protected from pollution, and coastal nations, including Japan, are obligated to preserve it. Japan has developed nuclear power to replace coal and petroleum for electricity generation, reducing carbon emissions and addressing resource limitations. However, nuclear power presents significant challenges in managing nuclear waste, which is difficult to decompose and requires secure storage. With no available space to store its growing nuclear waste, Japan decided to dispose of it in the Pacific Ocean. This decision raised concerns about marine pollution and triggered responses from neighboring countries such as South Korea, Hong Kong, Macau, and China, which halted seafood imports from Japan. This research aims to analyze the legality of Japan's actions, assess their environmental impact, and explore the consequences for international relations in the region
Small Claims Court Procedure in The Framework of Indonesian Law Reform: An Analysis of Community Legal Needs and Lawrence M. Friedman's Three Legal Sub-Systems Theory
Get PDFThe Small Claims Court Procedure, or gugatan sederhana, is a dispute resolution system regulated under Peraturan Mahkamah Agung (PERMA) Nomor 4 Tahun 2019. It was designed to provide the public with access to justice that is quick, simple, and low-cost. As part of legal reform, this procedure aims to achieve legal objectives more effectively in civil procedural law. Understanding this reform requires analyzing the legal system. Based on Lawrence M. Friedman’s legal system theory, there are three key subsystems: legal structure, legal substance, and legal culture. This research uses a socio-legal approach to examine the mechanisms of the Small Claims Court Procedure within Nomor 4 Tahun 2019, while applying Friedman’s three-subsystem theory. The study concludes that these subsystems—legal structure, legal substance, and legal culture—work synergistically to support the implementation of the Small Claims Court Procedure as a form of legal reform. However, there remains room for improvement in the legal culture, particularly in encouraging greater participation from the public and legal practitioners. This procedure is expected to contribute to the development of civil procedural law, addressing challenges that may arise from the perspectives of legal structure, legal substance, and the legal culture of both society and legal professionals
Legal Hermeneutics of Economic Loss to The State and Economic Expert Calculations
Get PDFThe elements of economic loss to the state are still characterized by generality, ambiguity, and an open texture, as emphasized in Articles 2 and 3 of the Eradication of Corruption Law. The research method uses two disciplines: a doctrinal approach by examining legislation through legal theory, legal principles, and legal hermeneutics, as well as an economic approach to demonstrate the impact of corruption on economic loss to the state. The results show that the legal hermeneutics regarding the elements of economic loss to the state that must be proven are the actual loss of economic and social rights due to the lack of benefits experienced by the community as a result of the abuse of authority, opportunities, or resources available to them because of their position regarding branches of production and important and strategic natural resources controlled by the state for the greatest benefit of the people's welfare but instead benefiting themselves, others, or corporations. The calculation of economic loss to the state, whether from a microeconomic or macroeconomic perspective, can be assessed with the involvement of economic experts, as there is no standard formulation based on the impacts of the losses experienced by the community, leading to the judges’ confidence in the evidentiary statements provided by experts to decide on corruption cases related to economic loss to the state
Eksistensi Izin Membuka Tanah Negara dalam Penataan Ruang Kota Balikpapan
Get PDFPenulisan ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana eksistensi Izin Membuka Tanah Negara (IMTN) dalam menunjang penataan ruang Kota Balikpapan. Hal tersebut juga merupakan salah satu tujuan dibentuknya peraturan mengenai IMTN sebagai syarat pendaftaran hak atas tanah di Kota Balikpapan. Eksistensi dalam penelitian ini difokuskan pada kedudukan IMTN dalam menunjang penataan ruang Kota Balikpapan dan Asas Umum Pemerintahan yang Baik (AUPB) dalam IMTN sebagai penunjang keberhasilan Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (RTRW) Kota Balikpapan. Penelitian normatif yuridis ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan interpretasi sistematis. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan yaitu IMTN dapat dikategorikan sebagai salah satu pengawasan dalam pemberian alas hak tanah sesuai dengan RTRW. Selain itu juga sebagai pelaksana dari RTRW itu sendiri, karena dalam menerbitkan surat IMTN disesuaikan dengan RTRW. Oleh karena hal tersebut perlu dilakukan koordinasi yang baik antara pihak penyelenggara IMTN dan bidang penataan ruang Kota Balikpapan
Contextualising Development: Indigenous Rights-based Approach by Multilateral Development Banks
Get PDFIndigenous peoples, as the most marginalised groups in all societies, are the ones most affected by development projects due to their small numbers, which precludes them from expressing their opposition or disapproval of a development plan. Their existing circumstances and needs are frequently overlooked in favour of the perceived benefits of a development plan, which is often decided without their knowledge or input even though evidence indicates that the failure to obtain their free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC) has resulted in unsustainable development projects.
Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) have started adopting investment policies in accordance with international legal instruments that protect indigenous rights. This paper concludes that these policies have ultimately exerted an influence on the behaviour of countries and private sectors, which have been compelled to comply with international law leveraging the power of lenders. This, in turn, has the potential to render international norms governing the protection of indigenous rights effective, thereby enabling the achievement of sustainable development goals
AKIBAT HUKUM PERJANJIAN KAWIN PADA PERKAWINAN SEJENIS
Get PDFPeraturan tentang pernikahan diatur oleh Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata dan Undang-Undang No. 1 Tahun 1974 yang secara khusus mengatur tentang lembaga pernikahan. Menurut Pasal 1 UUP, perkawinan didefinisikan sebagai ikatan lahir batin antara seorang pria dan seorang wanita sebagai suami istri dengan tujuan membentuk keluarga (rumah tangga) yang bahagia dan kekal berdasarkan Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa. Pernikahan yang tidak melibatkan pasangan heteroseksual tidak diakui secara hukum sebagai pernikahan yang sah. Pernikahan sesama jenis secara luas dianggap merugikan dan tidak sesuai dengan karakteristik dasar manusia. Pernikahan sesama jenis terjadi ketika kedua belah pihak setuju untuk menyembunyikan identitas asli salah satu dari mereka untuk melanjutkan pernikahan, atau ketika salah satu pihak tidak mengetahui identitas palsu dari pihak lain, dengan maksud untuk mencapai tujuan tertentu. Pasangan yang sudah menikah memiliki pilihan untuk membuat perjanjian pernikahan untuk membagi aset mereka dan mempersiapkan diri untuk potensi kerugian finansial, tetapi perjanjian ini tidak ditegakkan melalui paksaan. Saat ini, ada banyak contoh akta perjanjian perkawinan yang dieksploitasi untuk keuntungan salah satu pihak. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui akibat hukum dari status perkawinan sesama jenis, serta keabsahan dan implikasi hukum dari akta perjanjian perkawinan yang dibuat dalam perkawinan sesama jenis. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan hukum yuridis normatif dengan spesifikasi penelitian deskriptif analitis. Proses penelitian dilakukan melalui tahap penelitian kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan, dan metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah yuridis kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa akibat hukum dari perkawinan sesama jenis adalah tidak sah dan tidak berlaku, sehingga menyebabkan batalnya perjanjian perkawinan
PENERAPAN PRINSIP SYARIAH DALAM PENERBITAN SUKUK IJARAH SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN INVESTASI
Get PDFSukuk adalah bukti kepemilikan atas suatu underlying asset, juga salah satu instrumen investasi yang sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah. Sukuk dibedakan menjadi beberapa macam berdasakan akadnya, diantaranya sukuk mudharabah, ijarah, dan wakalah. Penelitian ini dikhususkan membahas mengenai sukuk ijarah, yakni kepemilikan pada aset yang disewa jual, artinya underlying asset pada sukuk ijarah adalah suatu objek sewa, dengan identifikasi masalah yaitu bagaimana kedudukan investor dalam praktik Sukuk Ijarah dikaitkan dengan Fatwa DSN MUI dan POJK dan perlindungan hukum dan risiko yang ditanggung investor dalam hal adanya kerugian. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pengelolaan data dilakukan dengan studi kepustakaan kemudian diolah dengan referensi bahan hukum. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, Pertama, pada Fatwa DSN-MUI Nomor 41/DSN-MUI/III/2004 Tentang Obligasi Syariah Ijarah mengatur bahwa Pemegang Obligasi Syariah (OSI) dapat bertindak sebagai musta’jir (penyewa) dan dapat pula bertindak sebagai mu’jir (pemberi sewa), sedangkan Emiten dalam kedudukannya sebagai wakil Pemegang OSI dapat menyewa ataupun menyewakan kepada pihak lain dan dapat pula bertindak sebagai Penyewa. Kedudukan investor maupun Emiten secara pasti ditentukan pula dari skema Sukuk ijarah mana yang digunakan. Kedua, belum ada informasi khusus mengenai penyelesaian sengketa Sukuk dalam POJK maupun Fatwa DSN MUI, namun POJK Nomor 22 Tahun 2023 dapat dijadikan dasar hukum terkait perlindungan investor Sukuk sebagai konsumen di pasar modal. Investor yang menderita kerugian atau potensi kerugian dapat melakukan pengaduan melalui layanan yang disediakan. Selanjutnya dapat diselesaikan melalui LAPS Sektor Jasa Keuangan untuk menyelesaian sengketa antara Konsumen dan PUJK diluar pengadilan