Universitas Prima Indonesia: Open Journal Systems
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Factors affecting community waste disposal in the Deli River, Medan Petisah
No full textHumanity and other living organisms coexist within the environment. Rivers, as essential components of the environment, provide critical benefits for human survival, including supplying water for daily use, supporting fisheries, and facilitating water transportation. However, human activities frequently exert negative impacts on river ecosystems, such as the disposal of solid and industrial waste. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing community waste disposal practices in the Deli River, Petisah Village, in 2023. Employing a quantitative, descriptive-analytical cross-sectional survey design, the study population comprised 250 residents residing along the Deli River, from which a sample of 154 participants was selected through simple random sampling. Bivariate analyses were conducted using the Chi-square test. The findings demonstrate significant associations between waste disposal behavior and knowledge (p=0.004), attitude (p=0.004), practices (p<0.001), and infrastructure (p=0.008). Furthermore, logistic regression analysis identified infrastructure as the strongest predictor of waste disposal behavior, indicating that inadequate infrastructure increases the likelihood of respondents disposing of waste into the river
The use of herbal medicines and related factors among diabetic patients
No full textDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic non-communicable disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin dysfunction. The use of herbal medicine has increased among patients with diabetes due to the widespread availability of information about herbal treatments globally. Many believe herbal remedies have minimal side effects and are more natural. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with the use of herbal medicine among DM patients at Puskesmas Kampung Baru, Medan Maimun District. This quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted from February to April 2025. The independent variables examined were age, education, income, knowledge, attitude, and belief, while the use of herbal medicine served as the dependent variable. The study population included all 809 registered DM patients at Puskesmas Kampung Baru. A sample of 189 was selected using a proportion difference test formula and a simple random sampling method. Bivariate data analysis was performed using the chi-square test. The results indicate that 164 (86.6%) respondents use herbal medicine. A significant association was found between herbal medicine use and age (p=0.019), income (p=0.000), knowledge (p=0.000), attitude (p=0.000), and belief (p=0.000). However, no significant association was found with education (p=0.089). Based on these findings, it is recommended that patients with diabetes mellitus receive counseling on the safe and evidence-based use of herbal medicine, with a strong emphasis on consulting healthcare professionals
Factors influencing the occurrence of neck pain complaints in garment convection tailors
No full textThis study aimed to identify the factors influencing neck pain complaints among garment convection tailors in Medan City. A total of 44 tailors from a convection workshop on Jl. Denai were included as the study's population and sample, utilizing a total sampling technique. The research employed a cross-sectional analytical survey design with data analysis using the Chi-Square test. The findings from the bivariate analysis showed a significant association between neck pain complaints and three key factors: years of service (p=0.021), work duration (p=0.044), and work posture (p=0.000). Specifically, a higher percentage of severe neck pain was found in workers with fewer years of service and longer work durations (more than 8 hours a day). The analysis also revealed that age (p=0.717) and lighting (p=0.062) were not statistically significant factors. A subsequent multivariate analysis identified work posture and work duration as independent factors influencing neck pain, with work posture being the most dominant variable (p=0.000). The multivariate analysis for work posture had an odds ratio of 64.346, indicating a strong positive correlation with severe neck pain. However, a contradictory result for work duration in the multivariate analysis suggested a need for re-examination of its coding. The study concludes that workload, work duration, and working posture are the primary factors influencing neck pain complaints in convection tailors, with work posture being the most dominant. These findings highlight the importance of ergonomic interventions, proper posture, and regulated work hours to mitigate occupational health risks in this population
The association between farmer characteristics, behavior, and pesticide spraying patterns and skin disorders in citrus farmers in Aji Mbelang Village, Karo Regency
No full textAgriculture forms a vital component of Indonesia’s economy, yet pesticide use poses significant occupational health hazards, particularly skin disorders from exposure. This study aimed to analyze the association between farmer characteristics, behavior, and pesticide spraying patterns with the incidence of skin disorders among citrus farmers in Aji Mbelang Village, Karo Regency. A quantitative analytical cross-sectional study was conducted involving 30 citrus farmers selected through accidental sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire assessing demographic variables, behavioral factors, and pesticide spraying patterns. Univariate and bivariate analyses, including chi-square tests, were performed to explore associations between independent variables and skin disorder incidence, with significance set at p<0.05. The majority of respondents were male (86.7%), aged over 36 years (43.3%), and had completed senior high school (46.7%). The prevalence of skin disorders was high (90.0%). Most farmers demonstrated poor knowledge about pesticide risks (60.0%) but exhibited positive attitudes (86.7%) and safety practices (76.7%). Contradictorily, 96.7% engaged in high-risk spraying behaviors. Age was the only statistically significant variable associated with skin disorders (p=0.044), with all farmers over 32 years reporting skin disorders. Skin disorders are highly prevalent among citrus farmers and significantly associated with older age. The findings reveal a gap between positive safety attitudes and hazardous field practices, highlighting the need for targeted educational interventions to enhance knowledge and promote safer pesticide application to mitigate dermal health risks
Body image and nutritional status among female students at Universitas Prima Indonesia
No full textBody image is an individual's subjective perception of their body shape and size, which can influence eating behaviour and nutritional status. This study aimed to analyse the relationship between body image and nutritional status among female students at Prima Indonesia University in 2025. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 69 female students from the 2023 cohort of the Public Health Study Programme, selected via total sampling. Body image data were collected using the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), while nutritional status was assessed via anthropometric measurements of Body Mass Index (BMI). Data analysis employed the Chi-Square test with a significance level of 0.05. A total of 59.4% of respondents had a negative body image and 40.6% a positive body image. The distribution of nutritional status was: normal (62.3%), obese (18.8%), overweight (10.2%), and underweight (8.7%). Statistical analysis indicated a significant relationship between body image and nutritional status (p-value = 0.002). Respondents with a negative body image were more likely to have an abnormal nutritional status (overweight and obese) compared to those with a positive body image. There is a significant relationship between body image and nutritional status among female students. A negative body image is associated with a tendency towards abnormal nutritional status, particularly excess weight
Antibacterial activity of ashitaba leaf extract against Streptococcus pneumoniae
No full textInfection by Streptococcus pneumoniae represents a significant global health concern, necessitating the exploration of novel antimicrobial agents, particularly in light of escalating antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to identify the phytochemical constituents and to evaluate the antibacterial activity of an ethanol extract of Ashitaba leaves (Angelica keiskei) against S. pneumoniae. This experimental study employed a post-only control group design. Extraction was performed using ethanol via maceration, followed by qualitative phytochemical screening. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the disc diffusion method at concentrations of 50, 100, and 150 mg/mL, with ciprofloxacin as a positive control. Inhibition zone data were analysed using non-parametric statistical tests. Phytochemical screening indicated the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, and steroids/triterpenoids. The extract demonstrated antibacterial activity with mean inhibition zones of 16.57 mm at 50 mg/mL, 26.23 mm at 100 mg/mL, and 29.87 mm at 150 mg/mL. Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference in inhibition zones among the three extract concentrations, whereas all concentrations differed significantly from the positive control, ciprofloxacin (53.67 mm). It is concluded that the ethanol extract of Ashitaba leaves contains diverse bioactive compounds and exhibits significant in vitro antibacterial activity against S. pneumoniae, although its efficacy remains inferior to the synthetic antibiotic ciprofloxacin
METODE PENCUCIAN DAN EVAPORASI BERBAHAN BAKU GARAM MURNI UNTUK MENGHASILKAN GARAM INDUSTRI
No full textProses evaporasi dan kristalisasi air laut menyebabkan garam krosok, juga dikenal sebagai garam kasar atau garam asli. Kualitas garam asli yang berbeda, terutama di Sumatera, dipengaruhi oleh kualitas air laut sebagai bahan baku, fasilitas produksi yang tersedia, dan penanganan pasca panen. Garam kasar yang tersedia harus diolah untuk memenuhi standar nasional Indonesia (SNI) untuk garam industri dan konsumsi. Pencucian dengan larutan garam mendekati jenuh (300 gram per liter air) adalah bagian dari proses ini untuk menghilangkan bahan pengotor terlarut seperti ion kalsium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), dan sulfat (SO4). Setelah pencucian, terjadi proses evaporasi, atau rekristalisasi, yang mencakup pelarutan dan evaporasi garam. Proses ini terjadi secara bertahap dan mencakup evaporasi total dan parsial. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kualitas garam kasar yang dihasilkan dari setiap daerah berbeda
The Effect Of Giving Salak Skin Extract (Salacca Zalacca) On The Reduction Of Cholesterol Levels And Histopathology Of The Testis Of Wistar Male White Rats In An Obesity Model
No full textThis study aims to evaluate the effect of snake fruit skin extract (Salacca zalacca) on reducing cholesterol levels and histopathological features of testes in male Wistar strain white rats with obesity model. This study uses a quantitative experimental method with a true experiment design. Male Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) were induced to eat high cholesterol in the form of quail egg yolk to increase body weight to obesity. The results showed that snake fruit skin extract with doses of 400 mg/KgBW and 600 mg/KgBW was effective in reducing total cholesterol levels in obese rats, with cholesterol levels less than 54 mg/dl. Histopathological observations of the testes showed improvements in testicular structure in the group given snake fruit skin extract, especially at a dose of 600 mg/KgBW which was close to normal conditions. The conclusion of this study is that snake fruit skin extract has the potential as a cholesterol – lowering agent and improves testicular function in obese rats. This study requires further research to perfect research for the development of herbal medicines based on snake fruit skin extract for the treatment of high cholesterol and reproductive disorders due to obesity
Effect of Fasting on Blood Glucose Levels
No full textDiabetes mellitus is a disease suffered by society. Disease This, If Not controlled with Good, can cause various dangerous complications for the body. One of the controls carried out is fasting. Fasting is holding back self. No eating and drinking, with reduced consumption of calories, mainly carbohydrates, is the purpose of the study. This is to know the influence of fast-to-level glucose in blood mice. Research methods This experiment is pure and has a time series design. The object study used galah-type male mice, as many as 36. The research was conducted from April to May 2023 at the Pharmacology Laboratory of the Deli Husada Deli Tua Health Institute. Bivariate data analysis using the One Way Anova statistical test with mark significance set p <0.05. The results showed a difference in the treatment of intermittent fasting diurnal 1 and 2 times a week with the group 3 and 6 times a week p = 0.000 ( p <0.05). At the same time, there was no significant difference (p> 0.05) between the groups given intermittent fasting treatment diurnal 3 times a week and 6 times a week. The importance of fasting in controlling blood sugar levels. Fasting done 3 times a week is more effective in lowering blood sugar levels than fasting 6 times a week
Potential of consumption of red dragon fruit extract on mitochondrial cytochromes in the gastrocnemius muscle after strenuous exercise
No full textBackground. Skeletal muscle activity with heavy intensity causes an increase in free radicals causing oxidative stress that causes damage to cell function to mitochondrial dysfunction and plays a role in the cytochrome regulation process as an induction of apoptosis which normally cannot be released from the mitochondria. This study aims to determine the antioxidant potential of red dragon fruit (RDF) to delay the occurrence of oxidative stress, which increases cell function in mitochondria in the gastrocnemius muscle. Methods. This study involved 25 three-month-old male rats with an average weight of 200 g. The RDF extract was obtained via ethanol extraction and concentrated using an air-drying method. Rats were randomly allocated into five groups as follows: two control groups (K1 [no-exercise, no RDF] and K2 [exercise, no RDF] and three test groups (P1, P2, and P3; subjected to exercise and treated with 75, 150, and 300 mg kg−1 body weight of RDF, respectively). The exercise was swimming for 20 min three times per week for 31 days. Cytochrome-C and MDA were measured via an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay, and histopathological examinations were performed via hematoxylin and eosin staining of rat muscles. Results. Compared the MDA levels after the ingestion of RDF extracts were between the K2 group and the P1, P2, and P3 groups. The results showed significant differences (p <0.05 for P1 and P2, and p <0.01 for P3), indicating the production of free radicals the occurrence of oxidative stress and cytochrome-c (Identified as an essential mediator in the apoptotic pathway, unlocking mitochondrial cytochrome-c into an apoptotic pathway), Cytochrome-C levels were compared between the K2 (16.1 ng/mg protein) group and the P1(13.5 ng/mg protein), P2 (10.6 ng/mg protein), and P3 (7.2 ng/mg protein) groups. The results showed significant differences (p < 0.05 for P1 and P2, and p <0.01 for P3). with features of damaged muscle cells based on histopathology. Ingestion of the RDF extract improved gastrocnemius muscle cells, resulting in cell function repair. Conclusion. Red dragon fruit (antioxidant) in exercise suppresses oxidative stress on cytochrome-C so that apoptotic signals occur significantly in muscles, can prevent the apoptotic process, reduce tissue damage, cause repair of cell function, and mitochondria can work usually. If there is a lot of cytochrome in the cytosol, it indicates cell dysfunction