e-Journal Balitbangkumham (Balitbang Hukum Dan Ham)
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Interpretasi HAM dalam Ideologi Pancasila dan Implikasinya terhadap Persatuan dan Kesatuan di Indonesia
Get PDFHuman values in the form of human rights are also included in the Pancasila ideology. This research was conducted to contribute to academic development related to human rights issues in Indonesia. The method used in this research is descriptive exploratory. This research is library research. The data collection method is through classifying and analyzing data. The data analysis method in this study is through interpretation and analysis methods. Human rights in Indonesia experience various forms of dynamics that are full of struggle in their enforcement. Ancestors in the past or leaders in the present have made multiple attempts to uphold human rights in Indonesia. Human rights in Indonesia originate from the Pancasila ideology. Therefore, human rights in Indonesia receive strong guarantees because they are based on the Pancasila ideology. Unity in Indonesia will be achieved if all Indonesians can apply human rights values in their lives.Nilai-nilai kemanusiaan berupa Hak Asasi Manusia pada dasarnya juga terdapat di dalam Ideologi Pancasila. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk memberikan sumbangsih pengetahuan bagi perkembangan akademik terkait permasalahan HAM di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalampenelitian ini bersifat deskriptif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (Library research) sedangkan metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan mengklasifikasikan data-data yang berhubungan dengan penelitian, kemudian menganalisinya.Adapun metode anaisis data dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan metode interpretasi dan metode analisis. HAM di Indonesia mengalami berbagai bentuk dinamika yang penuh perjuangan dalam penegakannya, baik itu penolakan terhadap HAM maupun pengaplikasian HAM di Indonesia. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan oleh para leluhur- leluhur di masa lampau ataupun pemimpin pada masa sekarang, hal tersebut bertujuan demi tegaknya HAM di Indonesia. Hak asasi manusia di Indonesia bersumber dan bermuara dari ideologi Pancasila. Oleh karena itu, HAM di Indonesia mendapat jaminan kuat karena berlandaskan ideologi Pancasila. Persatuan dan kesatuan di Indonesia akan dapat terwujud apabila segenap masyarakat Indonesia dapat menerapkan serta mewujudkan nilai-nilai HAM dalamkehidupannya
Juridical Analysis About Cyberbullying Cases by Child Perpetrators Against Child Victims
Get PDFThis study discusses the legal protection of a child victim of cyberbullying and a child perpetrator. This research raised a case where a child with the initial “Z†who became a victim of cyberbullying from her schoolmate with the initial “Sâ€. The research method used is the normative-juridical method: processing legal materials collected through a literature review.This study aims to determine the applicable law (legal protection) against the child victims of cyberbullying, based on Law No.35 of 2014 in conjunction with Law No.11 of 2008. In terms of the child perpetrator of cyberbullying, the criminal justice system of the children must be based on Law No. 11 of 2012.The result shows that “Zâ€, the child victim of Cyberbullying, has received positive legal protection in Indonesia based on Article 76C of Law 35/2014, and Article 27 paragraph (4) juncto Article 28 paragraph (2) of Law 11/2012. Child “S†who terrorizes Child “Z†via WhatsApp may be subject to criminal sanctions in accordance to Article 80 paragraph (1) of Law 35/2014 juncto Article 45 paragraph (1) and (2) of Law 11/2008 junctis Article 81 of Law 11/2012. This case criminal sanctions can be imposed on Child “S†with Law 11/2012
The Decrease of Legislative Functions of The People's Representative Council of The Republic of Indonesia in The Reform Era
Get PDFThe indicator of the running of the legislative body's role is the production of pro-people legal products. However, in the reform era, the role of the People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia has decreased as a legislative body. The decline in the role of the People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia in the reform era was influenced by several factors. It is necessary to examine the factors causeby the weak role of the People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia and also the implications of the Constitutional Court Decision on the Job Creation Act. This study aims to explain the causes of the decline in such a role and to explain the role of the People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia in the formation of the law. This type of research is normative juridical. The results of the study indicate that there has been a weakening of the role of the People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia in the reform era caused by several factors such as the weakening of the political parties' power, the large number of political parties in coalition with the government, as well as the large intervention of the economic elite in political parties and the government, which resulted in a controversy over the formation of Job Creation Act caused by the non-applicability of the principles of the formation of good legislation by legislators at the time of making the law
Penal Mediation as a Medical Dispute Settlement for Hospital Malpractice Cases in Indonesia
Get PDFPenal Mediation is an alternative form of case settlement that originates with the idea of restorative justice. Seeing a large number of medical personnel being convicted in malpractice cases (primum remedium), mediation in dispute settlement for malpractice cases in hospitals becomes the concept of victim protection, harmonization, and overcoming rigidity/ formality in the applicable system. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find solutions to avoid the adverse effects of the Criminal Justice System with the concept of mediation as an effort to resolve malpractice cases in the future. This paper used normative legal research or library research with a statute, conceptual, and comparative approach. The nature of the research used in this study is descriptive-prescriptive. The author used content analysis. The findings of this study are meant to provide an alternative solution to punishment which should be a last resort (ultimum remedium) from law enforcement in the form of non-litigation settlement through mediation.Â
Peran Kolaboratif Organisasi Masyarakat Sipil mengintegrasikan Nilai-Nilai Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Tata Kelola Bisnis Perkebunan Sawit di Sumatera Utara
Get PDFThis study aims to explore the collaborative effort by the Civil Society Organization (CSO) and its significance to encourage corporations in terms of compliance and implementation of the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGP), particularly in palm oil plantations in North Sumatra. Integration of human rights values into conducting business activities is mandated by UNGP. Indeed, each of the principal actors of UNGP has a governance system to govern their powers and influences and a so-called polycentric governance system. Therefore, a collaboration strategy for strengthening synergy to implement UNGP is needed. This research is conducted by qualitative analysis method with an exploratory design study by collecting data through interviews and various secondary references related to UNGP and its commentaries and reports on this relevant study. The result indicates that PKPA’s programs enhance the capacity building of the primary stakeholder including people who are potentially affected by the company’s activities. This is the strategic partnership to incorporate UNGP into palm oil plantation business activities. This research recommends that the PKPA’s programs, especially REBOUND can be able to be developed by creating new participative modelsto strengthen the implementation of UNGP, mainly human rights due diligence mechanism and access to effective remedies affected by corporations.Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi upaya kolaboratif Organisasi Masyarakat Sipil (OMS) untuk mendorong akuntabilitas korporasi dalam kepatuhan dan implementasi United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGP), khususnya di sektor bisnis perkebunan kelapa sawit di Sumatera Utara. Integrasi nilai-nilai HAM ke dalam tata kelola bisnis merupakan mandat penting UNGP. Selain itu, masing-masing aktor utama dalam UNGP memiliki basis tata kelola sistematis untuk menjalankan kekuasaan dan pengaruhnya dan dikenal sebagai sistem tata kelola polisentris. Di sinilah pentingnya upaya membangun strategi kolaborasi yang efektif untuk salingmenguatkan taraf implementasiUNGP. Penelitian inimenggunakan analisis metode kualitatif dengan desain kajian eksploratif dan koleksi data berdasarkan wawancara dan ragam data sekunder yang berkaitan dengan UNGP, termasuk komentar dan penafsirannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program-program PKPA mampu mendorong peningkatan kapasitas pemangku kebijakan dalampelibatanmultipihakmenginkorporasiUNGPke dalam aktivitas bisnis. Penelitian inimerekomendasikan program-program Pusat Kajian dan Perlindungan Anak (PKPA), yakni RESBOUND dapat dikembangkan melalui penciptaan model-model partisipatif baru untuk mendukung penguatan implementasi UNGP, terutama penguatan mekanisme uji tuntas HAM dan akses pemulihan yang efektif atas dampak pelanggaran HAM dalam relasi aktivitas bisnis
Protection of Human Rights Victims of Sexual Violence through Maqâsid al-Sharî’ah: A Case in Batu City Indonesia
Get PDFSexual violence can happen anywhere, and some perpetrators are usually related to the victim. A case of sexual violence occurred at Selamat Pagi Indonesia School in Batu city. The schoolmaster threatened the victim to comply with his wishes. A school environment, which should be a place to learn about science and ethics, has become a scene for sexual assault. This article aims to provide prevention and settlement alternatives for sexual violence through maqâsid al-sharî’ah methods. The data show that sexual violence at the school has occurred since 2009. This article includes empirical research using qualitative methods by describing and analyzing the data which is presented in descriptive text. The result of the research shows that the victims are incapable of fighting back due to manipulation in order to always be obedient and repay the perpetrators. The intimidation practice is in contrast to human rights and religious purposes, while the perpetrators exploit the power relation and manipulate religious narratives to commit the crime. Understanding religious purposes (maqasid alsharî’ah) provides essential tools to minimize human rights violations in the form of sexual violence. One is allowed to make prejudices and refuse to engage in an activity that may lead to sexual violence. The resistance corresponds with maqâsid al-sharî’ah which consists of safeguarding the soul, progeny, mind, religion, and wealth
Realitas Masyarakat Papua dalam Distorsi Representasi Media: Analisis Media Baru
Get PDFMedia portrayals towards minorities result in implications towards how society as a whole views them. This paper questions how the media representation of Papua reflects the reality of their socio-political situation and what the implications of said representations are. Based on secondary data analysis towards Indonesian media's portrayals of Papua, including but not limited to its' constituents and environment, this paper seeks to understand based on new media theories of social reality how the media portrayals of Papua have impacts towards the socio-political experience of Papuans in Indonesians, and Indonesians towards Papuans. The results obtained by the analysis indicate that media employs stereotypical and surface level portrayals of Papua in a way that dismisses the structural issues Papuans are facing. Those results show that media representation plays an integral part towards manufacturing discrimination towards Papuans, leading towards this paper’s recommendations that calls for increased pressure towards demanding that the damages caused by false media portrayals of Papua were to be rectified by responsible parties.Pemberitaan kelompok minoritas dalam media menghasilkan implikasi terhadap bagaimana suatu masyarakat memahami kelompok tersebut. Paper ini mempertanyakan bagaimana representasi media terhadap Papua merefleksikan kenyataan kondisi sosio-politik dari masyarakat Papua dan implikasi dari pemberitaan tersebut. Menggunakan teori media baru, paper ini melakukan analisis berbasis data sekunder terhadap pemberitaan masyarakat dan lingkungan Papua. Hasil analisis menghasilkan penjelasan dari bagaimana gambaran Papua yang dihasilkan media mempengaruhi pengalaman sosio-politik antara masyarakat Papua dengan masyarakat lain di Indonesia. Kesimpulan analisis artikel ini mengindikasikan bahwa pemberitaan pengalaman masyarakat Papua menyembunyikan dan mengabaikan permasalahan struktural yang dialami masyarakat Papua oleh perlakuan negara. Penemuan ini menunjukkan bahwa refleksi media sangat berperan dalam menghasilkan diskriminasi terhadap masyarakat Papua. Berdasarkan penemuan tersebut, rekomendasi dari paper ini mendorong negara untuk bertanggung jawab dalam mengendalikan representasi masyarakat Papua
Covid-19 Mitigation Strategy in Higher Education Institutions: A Qualitative Study at Indonesian Immigration and Correctional Science Colleges
Get PDFCovid-19 Pandemic is a global issue affecting higher education institutions, including colleges for future government officials like the Polytechnics of Correctional Science and the Polytechnics of Immigration. To present a research article regarding this issue, the qualitative method and the interview technique were used for this purpose. The data were collected based on interviews with actors involved in mitigating Covid-19 in those Polytechnics. As the result of interviews, several strategies for Covid-19 mitigation are obtained. They include strengthening the role of leadership in finding solutions in uncertain conditions, campus zoning, providing quarantine and self-isolating facilities, conducting tracing, testing, treatment, and other health protocols. In addition, the Covid-19 mitigation strategies also include implementing virtual learning methods during pandemics and providing access to anti-virus medicines, vitamins, and other kinds of supplements for employees and students. The campus management also conducts mitigation strategies by accompanying students during isolation, educating students and staff about self-protection from the virus, establishing a campus task force to organize mitigation activities, and also conducting coordination with other stakeholders. Overall, the research shows that the Covid-19 mitigation strategy in Poltekim and Poltekip campuses is quite effective. However, improvements in several areas are needed in the future. Regarding the strategy for Covid-19 mitigation in higher education institutions, the authors recommend several proper prevention strategies such as increasing the number of rooms and facilities to accommodate classes with health protocols and agreeing on a common perception among stakeholders about the learning, coaching, and methods of treatment in these colleges.Â
Dispensation of Marriage in The Perspective of Children's Rights: Best Interest of The Children
Get PDFUnderage marriage with marriage dispensation is very influential on the lives of children and adolescents. The Convention on the Rights of the Child has determined that the best interest of the child is the primary interest in any action concerning the child. This study uses a normative juridical method based on a statutory approach. The purpose of this research is to find out the judge's considerations and what factors cause the rise of early marriage. This study concludes that the number of marriage dispensations in Indonesia continues to increase from 2016-2018, and is stagnant in 2019-2020. This figure increases because awareness of the meaning of marriage is reduced and many people in Indonesia think that adat must still be maintained. The high dispensation of marriage is caused by economic factors, pregnancy out of wedlock, and cultural factors. Thus, the judge assessed that the granting of a marriage dispensation had the best impact on the child in accordance with the theory of the best interests of the child. The implementation of the regulations that have been implemented still requires derivative regulations that regulate the basics of granting marriage dispensations in court. In order for the application for a marriage dispensation to be granted wisely, it is recommended to refer to Law Number 16 of 2019 concerning Marriage and PERMA Number 5 of 2019 concerning Guidelines for the Termination of Marriage Dispensation. So that judges avoid subjective considerations in adjudicating marital dispensation cases
Dilema Hak Atas Pekerjaan dalam Kebijakan Pasar Tenaga Kerja Fleksibel
Get PDFThe right to work demands the role of the State in its fulfillment but the development of a flexible labor market poses a dilemma for the state in fulfilling the right to work. This study was conducted by using a normative type of research that examines the right to work in a flexible labor market using a statutory approach. In Indonesia, the flexible labor market is embodied in the Job Creation Act, which describes the state’s dilemmatic position in carrying out its duties for the right to work. Against this dilemmatic position, the state prioritizes job creation over the feasibility of the jobs created. Based on this research, the author outlines the importance of a holistic approach in viewing human rights in the legislation process. So that the availability of work and the feasibility of work are not placed separately. This is because indecent work places the degree of human beings, who are trying to be protected by human rights, in a vulnerable position.Hak atas pekerjaan menuntut peran Negara dalam pemenuhannya, namun kehadiran pasar tenaga kerja fleksibel telah menimbulkan dilema bagi negara dalam pemenuhan hak atas pekerjaan yang menjadi tanggung jawabnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif yang menelaah hak atas pekerjaan di dalam pasar tenaga kerja fleksibel dengan menggunakan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan. Di Indonesia, pasar tenaga kerja fleksibel mewujud dalam Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja yang menggambarkan posisi dilematis negara dalam menjalankan tanggungjawabnya terhadap hak atas pekerjaan. Terhadap posisi dilematis ini, negara mendahulukan terciptanya lapangan kerja dibandingkan dengan kelayakan pekerjaan yang diciptakan. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, terkuak pentingnya pendekatan holistik dalam memandang hak asasi manusia. Sehingga antara ketersediaan pekerjaan dan kelayakan pekerjaan tidak diletakkan secara terpisah. Hal ini dikarenakan pekerjaan yang tidak layak, menempatkan derajat manusia yang dilindungi oleh hak asasi manusia dalam posisi yang rentan