Tema. Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment (University of Naples)
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The interventions of the Italian Recovery and Resilience Plan: Energy efficiency in urban areas
No full textStarting from the relationship between urban planning and mobility management, TeMA has gradually expanded the view of the covered topics, always following a rigorous scientific in-depth analysis. This section of the Journal, Review Notes, is the expression of a continuous updating of emerging topics concerning relationships among urban planning, mobility and environment, through a collection of short scientific papers. The Review Notes are made of five parts. Each section examines a specific aspect of the broader information storage within the main interests of TeMA Journal.
This section of the Review Notes explores a specific topic, related to cities, within the framework of the European program NextGenerationEU.
This contribution deepens the topic of energy efficiency in urban areas, providing an overview of the proposed interventions to improve energy management and save natural resources in the Italian Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP). The aim is deepening how these measures are intended to make Italian cities more sustainable, livable and environmental-friendly. Furthermore, it highlights the main strategies, reforms, and interventions which have been activated in Italian cities, thanks to the NRRP investments
Circular living. A resilient housing proposal
No full textThe current climate change consequences, the migration phenomena, the pandemic, and the war affect the already unstable housing system situation. Implementing resilience is as necessary as ever to solve the existing housing crisis. In particular, a little number of housing units, lack of maintenance, the inadequacy of the heritage to the new housing needs, and weak attention to social aspects, characterize the Italian social housing system. Considering the possible powerful relationships between resilience, circular economy, and housing, this paper is aimed at determining whether and how CE principles can be applied in the social housing system to make it more resilient, adopting a qualitative research method. To this end, a model for Circular Living (CL) is proposed: it includes strategies at the building, neighbourhood/city, and territorial scales. It is extrapolated from the existing bibliography on housing system, resilience and circular economy; the analysis of the case study of south Salento together with its critical housing system and some emerging best practices. The use case of a 70s public building in Lecce is also presented. Although the CL Model is for the resilience of the social housing system in peripheral territories, future research could implement and validate the model in different contexts and systems. 
Energy saving and efficiency in urban environments: integration strategies and best practices
No full textAs engines of growth and socio-economic development, cities are responsible for 66% of global energy consumption and 70% of emissions. The current energy crisis makes it more imperative than ever to integrate energy saving and energy efficiency into the governance of urban and territorial transformations, from strategies to tools, at all scales of the city: from the building to the neighbourhood, from large urban areas to the territory as a whole.
With a bottom-up approach, this contribution identifies, starting from a review of best practices, addresses and solutions for energy saving and efficiency for the different urban fabrics, as an integral part of the tools for the governance of urban and territorial transformations.
The contribution concludes with an analysis of the energy consumption of a case study and the identification of possible interventions. The application highlights the strong interactions of the city's energy performance containment with other urban dynamics, including vulnerability to natural phenomena.
The article is the first step of a wider research aimed at developing an expert system to support decision-making by identifying energy-consuming areas and proposing potential transformation scenarios due to urban characteristics
Multiple components in GHG stock of transport sector: Technical improvements for SECAP Baseline Emissions Inventory assessment
No full textThe issue of the greenhouse gas emission is one of the main targets for the Covenant of Mayors initiative within the structure of the Sustainable Energy and Action Plans (SECAP). The computation of CO2 emissions for SECAP transport sector was tackled in practice through several methods producing not comparable results and even not reliable scenarios. Considering SECAP as a voluntary planning tool suitable for the management of ecological transition in small municipalities, in this work a computational proposal for transport sector emissions is proposed. The methodological proposal represents an operative guideline, providing accurate results based on easy-accessible data customized for the XS Municipalities. Such approach is characterized by the analysis of two components of emissions stock: a fixed one connected with the vehicles’ fleet of resident population; a variable one depending on the tourism flows generated by specific environmental/cultural attractors. The case study of Castelsaraceno Municipality (Italy) is discussed highlighting the robustness of the proposed approach compared with existing Municipal SEAP evidences and additional checks based on unconventional information sources. Beyond the technical proposal the approach may contribute upgrade and check the Municipal SEAP/SECAP transport sector allowing to adopting consequent effective measures both in policymaking and urban/territorial actions
Hamlets, environment and landscape
No full textI will describe a multi-scalar project concerning the municipality of Castelnovo ne' Monti, where I try to develop spaces for socializing in compliance with the distancing constraints that are required at us. The project strengthens structuring elements of this territory by resorting to various interventions. The organization of the small villages connected together working as an integrated system, the insertion of a new central place, the eco-camping project and the three pine forests regeneration without forgetting the desire to spread the interest in two authentic treasures: Pietra of Bismantova and Gessi Triassici of the Secchia valley
Soft mobility planning for university cities: the case of Pavia
No full textUniversity City concept means a specific urban structure characterized by the maximum expression of the relations system (social, environmental, economic) that can exist between university institution and administrative/political institution: in particular, the physical connections linked to the spatial location of university structures within the urban fabric.
In Pavia, between Municipality and University the development of common mobility strategies has been practically developed since the seventies of the XX century by Giancarlo De Carlo plan. From this period on, the centrality of the city emerged as magnet for the first and second tiers of adjacent Municipalities.
The need to implement forms of sustainable mobility aimed at improving the connections between university and city center, useful also to trigger deep urban regeneration processes, carried to experiment a collaborative planning process between university, Municipality and the main involved stakeholders. The main aim is to develop an overall strategy throughout the entire municipal territory and to define lines of actions (tactics) for the creation of a soft mobility network within the Pavia context as University City. The participatory process is implemented with the use of a Collaborative Planning tool based on Google functionalities. In the paper, authors describe the main elements of this project.
 
The interventions of the Italian Recovery and Resilience Plan: Urban regeneration of the Italian cities
No full textStarting from the relationship between urban planning and mobility management, TeMA has gradually expanded the view of the covered topics, always following a rigorous scientific in-depth analysis. This section of the Journal, Review Notes, is the expression of a continuous updating of emerging topics concerning relationships among urban planning, mobility and environment, through a collection of short scientific papers. The Review Notes are made of five parts. Each section examines a specific aspect of the broader information storage within the main interests of TeMA Journal.
This section of the Review Notes explores a specific topic, related to cities, within the framework of the European program NextGenerationEU.
This contribution deepens the topic of urban regeneration, providing an overview of the urban regeneration measures in the Italian Recovery and Resilience Plan and deepening how these measures are intended to make Italian cities more sustainable and inclusive. Furthermore, it highlights the main strategies, reforms, and interventions for urban regeneration, which have been activated in Italian cities, thanks to the NRRP investments
Investigation of extreme reflections of metal ceilings and salty soils using object oriented satellite image processing Sentinel-2 L1C using SVM classification method
No full textThe Sentinel-2 provides available multispectral bands at relatively high spatial resolution but does not acquire the panchromatic band. In this study, using Sentinel-2 images, the reflectance of metal roofs has been investigated and the differences between these reflections with other high reflections such as saline and dry soils have been evaluated. Bands 2, 3, 4 and band 8, which have a resolution of ten meters, are the most used in extracting different types of reflection. The result of the research shows that using the reflection of materials, it is easy to identify and harvest samples for the purpose of classifying the controlled sample by object-oriented processing. The results show that there is a significant difference between the reflection of the salty soil and the metal roof in the near infrared range, although in the image with the natural color combination, both types of material show a type and a reflection. This paper presents a new approach for extracting training samples from metal roofs compared to saline soils. The classification of SVM as the best method of classification with an accuracy of 96.9% and Kappa coefficient of 0.9 for categorization in this study was selected among other classification methods
A sustainable approach for planning of urban pedestrian routes and footpaths in a pandemic scenario
No full textThe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has forced national and local governments to re-consider the relationship between mobility, urban space and health in order to ensure physical distancing while meeting the travel needs of inhabitants. In the first stage, corresponding to the expansion of infection, mobility was limited to essential workers and freight. In the second stage, with the easing of restrictions, limitations still remained for public transport. Limitations associated with perceived risk of infection significantly influenced travel behaviors, pushing a modal repositioning in demand to active mobility (walking, cycling, and use of micro-mobility). On the other hand, the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines on mobility during the COVID outbreak are mostly directed at dedicating more urban space to cyclists and pedestrians, especially in densely populated urban areas, thus avoiding crowding on public transport and the use of private cars. In the same direction, the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO, 2020) went during periods of stabilization and long-term recovery. It suggests policies and measures for the cities mobility to help people maintain physical distance while moving around the city. In the given conditions, walking becomes predominant for a sustainable mobility scenario, and structural measures (widening of the pathway) or regulatory measures (regulation of pedestrian flows) can be adopted withing the given strategy. Current pedestrian infrastructural offer is severely limited in functional terms by the urban planning and development, therefore measures oriented to enhance non-motorized mobility require the development and planning of new public spaces and infrastructures for pedestrian mobility within the urban layout. Policy makers and town planners need to rethink urban spaces and mobility in the pedestrian perspective. A methodology for classification of pathways, by capacity and level of service, is presented in the paper, on which to base strategies, policies and specific measures to verify pedestrian mobility demand
Urban regeneration effects on walkability scenarios
No full textInternational programs have shown that implementing people-and-climate oriented cities goes through two processes in physical contexts: (i) urban regeneration of the existing city, particularly on public services for each urban unit, and (ii) planning of their accessibility. Therefore, there is a strong relationship between the goals of people-and-climate oriented and temporal-and-proximity perspectives. Moreover, the Covid-19 pandemic emergency highlighted the relevance of proximity again through the (not new) concept of “15 minutes cities”. Nevertheless, an evaluation of how urban regeneration projects can contribute to achieving sustainability goals in ordinary practice still struggles to consolidate. Consequently, according to both perspectives, this contribution aims to observe and evaluate the effects of local urban regeneration projects on pedestrian mobility. Therefore, it presents a space-time and GIS-based methodology to assess the walkability scenarios in public open spaces. The analysis consists of double temporal analysis: (i) it analyses pedestrian accessibility in a cells grid and through a backtracking algorithm that measures the spatialized isochronous of access time, and (ii) it evaluates accessibility in two temporal moments, ex-ante and ex-post. The assessment framework proposed is applied to the case study of unit Tintoretto tower in Brescia. Results show how urban design produces different space-time effects on pedestrian accessibility and proximity connection within 15 minutes