Jurnal Online Universitas Pertahanan (Indonesian Defense University)
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Indonesian Female Peacekeepers in The United Nations Peacekeeping Mission
Get PDFAs peacekeeping has evolved to encompass a broader humanitarian approach, women personels have become increasingly part of the peacekeeping family. The UN has called for more deployment of female peacekeepers to enhance the overall “holistic†approach to current UN peacekeeping operations. There is clearly more work to be done to integrate more female peacekeepers into UN missions. More skilled and trained female peacekeepers can only be an asset to future peacekeeping operations. In October 2000, the UN Security Council adopted Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security. The resolution was hailed as a landmark resolution in that for the first time, the Security Council recognised the contribution women make during and post-conflict. Since the adoption of Resolution 1325, attention to gender perspectives within the international peace agenda has ¬firmly been placed within the broader peace and security framework. This article explains the development of Indonesian female peacekeepers contribution in the period of 2009-20016 and argues why Indonesia needs to support and to consider deploying more female peacekeepers in UN peacekeeping operations
THE INDONESIA IDEA OF INDO-PACIFIC TREATY: PROSPECTS AND PROBLEMS
Get PDFAbstrak - Kawasan Indo-Pasifik merupakan kawasan yang menjadi perhatian dunia saat ini, karena kekuatan di bidang politik, ekonomi dan militer dari negara-negara yang ada didalam kawasan tersebut. Permasalahan keamanan yang terjadi di kawasan tersebut menjadi perhatian dunia dan Indonesia merasa perlu berperan aktif dalam menciptakan perdamaian dan keamanan di kawasan. Oleh karena itu, melalui mantan Menteri Luar Negeri Marty Natalegawa, Indonesia mengajukan sebuah gagasan pembentukan Indo-Pacific Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation untuk menjaga keamanan kawasan. Artikel ini bermaksud mengetahui makna dan tujuan gagasan pembentukan traktat ini, serta prospek dan masalah dalam mewujudkannya. Di akhir penelitian ditemukan simpulan bahwa gagasan dan tujuan dari pembentukan Indo-PacificTreaty ini adalah menciptakan mekanisme untuk mempromosikan cara damai dan saling percaya dengan tidak menggunakan cara pengerahan kekuatan militer dan tidak merugikan pihak-pihak lain di dalam kawasan. Walaupun untuk saat ini prospek mewujudkan gagasan ini masih kecil dikarenakan adanya sejumlah masalah yang menghadang, namun gagasan ini tetap dapat diwujudkan di masa depan dengan menggunakan strategi yang mendapat dukungan dari negara-negara lain di kawasan.Kata kunci: gagasan, indo-pacific treaty, prospek, masalah, keamanan kawasan, kerjasama keamananAbstract - Indo-Pacific region is an area of concern for the world today, because of the power in politics, economics and military of the countries that are in this region. Security problems that occur in this region become the attention of the world and Indonesia felt it necessary to play an active role in establishing peace and security in the region. Therefore, through the former Minister of Foreign Affairs Marty Natalegawa, Indonesia proposed the idea of establishment an Indo-Pacific Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation for maintaining regional security. This article intends to determine the meaning and purpose of the idea of this treaty, as well as the prospects and problems in realizing them. In conclusion, the idea and the purpose of the establishment of Indo-Pacific Treaty is to create mechanisms to promote peaceful means and mutual trust without deployment of military force andharming other parties in the region. Although for now the prospect of realizing this idea is still small due to a number of problems facing, but this idea can still be realized in the future by using a strategy that has the support of other countries in the region.Keywords: idea, indo-pacific treaty, prospects, problems, regional security, security cooperatio
RISK ASSESSMENT PENGEMBANGAN PESAWAT TEMPUR KFX/IFX PADA KERJASAMA JOINT DEVELOPMENT ANTARA INDONESIA DENGAN KOREA SELATAN
Get PDFAbstrak – Studi ini membahas tentang risk assessment pengembangan Pesawat Tempur KFX/IFX dalam kerjasama joint development antara Indonesia dan Korea Selatan untuk tahapan Engineering and Manufacturing Development Phase (EMDP). Risiko-risiko dalam Tahapan EMDP ditinjau dari aspek Life Cycle of Weapon System. Risk assessment dilakukan dengan tujuan mengidentifikasi, menganalisis risiko serta menilai tingkat risiko sebagai kalkulasi matang untuk menggiring proyek ini agar dapat berjalan lancar dan menghindarkan dari risiko default atau kegagalan proyek mahabesar yang sudah menelan biaya yang tidak sedikit bagi Indonesia. Apalagi ini merupakan pengalaman pertama dalam membuat pesawat tempur. Selain itu, pengembangan Pesawat Tempur KFX/IFX merupakan salah satu program nasional yang bertujuan untuk membangun kemandirian industri pertahanan dan membuka peta jalan penguasaan pesawat tempur bagi PT.Dirgantara Indonesia (PT.DI).Kata Kunci : penilaian risiko, pesawat Tempur KFX/IFX, Joint Development, industri pertahanan, teknologi pertahanan.Abstract – This article is about the activity of risk assessment in developing KFX/IFX Fighters through joint development cooperation between Indonesia and South Korea for Engineering and Manufacturing Development Phase (EMDP). The Risks in EMDP found by using the Life Cycle of Weapon System. Risk assessment aims to identify, analyze and assess the level of risk as a calculation so that the program will always be on the track and and the default of the project will be avoided. Moreover, this is the first experience for Indonesia to make fighters. Besides that, KFX/IFX fighters is one of our national program which aims to built the independence of defense industry and to open the road map in mastering on making fighter for PT.Dirgantara Indonesia (PT.DI).Keywords: risk assessment, KFX/IFX Fighters, joint development, defense industry, defense technolog
Indonesia Defence Diplomacy To Make Tanjung Datu Segment As Outstanding Boundary Problem Of Indonesia-Malaysia
Get PDFAbstract – This study discusses about implementation of Indonesia’s defense diplomacy and its analysis in effort to obtain Tanjung Datu segment as Outstanding Boundary Problem of Indonesia-Malaysia. This is based on the status of Tanjung Datu as Outstanding Boundary Problem was ambiguous due the different interpretations of Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) 1976 and 1978 by Government of Indonesia. The negotiation to obtain Tanjung Datu segment as Outstanding Boundary Problem Indonesia-Malaysia in 2001. Indonesia attempt to lobby Malaysian to attach Tanjung Datu as OBP and its intensively conducted by Indonesia’s delegates until finally, Indonesia accepted the Malaysian decision that Tanjung Datu is not part of the OBP. This research method was qualitative approach where data collection technique was through interviews with six informants including practitioners and experts in related fields. This study showed that the subjects of Indonesia’s defense diplomacy in efforts to obtain Tanjung Datu segment as OBP Indonesia-Malaysia are Pankorwilnas, Directorate of Army Topography, Ministry of Defense, Ministry of Home Affairs and JUPEM (Malaysian Position Measurement and Mapping). While the object of Indonesia’s defense diplomacy in the efforts to obtain Tanjung Datu segment as OBP Indonesia-Malaysia are the implementation of Indonesia’s national interest to achieve territorial sovereignty and it was also part of defense.Keywords : Defense Diplomacy, Bounday Making Theory, Territorial Sovereignty, Tanjung Datu Segment, Outstanding Boundary Problems
UJI FALSIFIKASI KONSEPSI KETAHANAN NASIONAL SEBAGAI GEOSTRATEGI INDONESIA
Get PDFAbstrak – Secara umum, geostrategi merupakan arah geografis kebijakan luar negeri suatu negara, memiliki karakter agresif, ofensif, dan outward-looking, serta menggabungkan pertimbangan strategi (peran militer) dan geopolitik. Sementara itu, konsepsi Ketahanan Nasional yang dikembangkan oleh Lemhannas lebih bersifat pertahanan diri (defensif), less millitaristic, inward-looking, serta berasas kesejahteraan dan keamanan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menguji kebenaran konsepsi Ketahanan Nasional sebagai geostrategi Indonesia secara epistemologis. Untuk melakukan penelitian, digunakan metode kualitatif interpretif fenomenologi deduktif. Uji kebenaran dengan falsifikasi Popper untuk mengumpulkan bukti pada perifer mana geostrategi berlaku/tidak berlaku, bukan untuk menolak konsepsi Ketahanan Nasional. Data yang dibutuhkan yaitu konsepsi Ketahanan Nasional dan epistemologi geostrategi yang menjelaskan keilmuan geostrategi dalam sebuah hierarki sistematis. Data-data bersumber dari dokumen sejarah dan dokumen ilmiah serta hasil wawancara dengan narasumber. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian bahwa konsepsi Ketahanan Nasional di luar perifer geostrategi, meskipun ditemukan bukti yang menunjukkan keberlakuan geostrategi. Bukti yang menunjukkan ketidakberlakuan geostrategi: (1) tidak memberikan penekanan pada strategi (militer); (2) tidak menunjukkan perencanaan strategi, upaya politik/diplomasi, atau upaya militer; (3) tidak aktif memengaruhi politik-strategi kawasan; (4) perubahan terjadi dalam jangka waktu lama; dan (5) defensif mengutamakan sikap konsultasi dan kerja sama. Bukti yang menunjukkan keberlakuan geostrategi: (1) merumuskan Tujuan Nasional; dan (2) mempertimbangkan kondisi dan konstelasi geografi wilayah dan geopolitik.Kata Kunci : ketahanan nasional, geostrategi Indonesia, uji falsifikasiAbstract – Generally, geostrategy is a type of foreign policy guided principally by geographic factors, that express an aggressive and offensive character, which is outward-looking. Further, it combines strategic considerations with geopolitical situations in such way that the military is always included. Meanwhile, the national resilience concept which was developed by the National Resilience Institute of Republic Indonesia (Lemhannas) is more defensive, less millitaristic, inward-looking and based on prosperity and security principles. This study aims to prove the truth of national resilence concept by using deductive phenomenological interpretive qualitative methods with epistemology of geostrategy as a main objective. Popper’s falsification test is intended to gather evidence on which the geostrategic peripheral is applied to the national resilience concept, rather than reject the conception. The required data includes the national resilience concept and an epistemology of geostrategy to explain geostrategic realities in a sistematic hierarchy, using historical documents, scientific publications and also interviews. This study has shown that the national resilience conceptsits outside the geostrategic periphery, despite some evidence of geostrategic validity. The evidence indicating the applicability of geostrategy includes (1) does not place emphasis a strategic substance; (2) without strategic planning, political/diplomatic attempts and/or military meansto achieve national objective; (3) an inward-looking drive to improve tenacity and sturdiness rather than active political-strategic influence; (4) the changes occur in the long-term and; (5) the defensive posture prioritizes consultation and cooperation. The evidence that shows the applicability of geostrategy includes (1) formulation of national objectives and; (2) consideration of geography and geopolitical conditions.Keywords : national resilience, geostrategic doctrine, falsificatio
SAINS DATA, BIG DATA, DAN ANALISIS PREDIKTIF: SEBUAH LANDASAN UNTUK KECERDASAN KEAMANAN SIBER
Get PDFAbstrak – Data merupakan unsur terpenting dalam setiap penelitian dan pendekatan ilmiah. Metodologi sains data digunakan untuk memilah, memilih dan mempersiapkan sejumlah data untuk diproses dan dianalisis. Teknologi big data mampu mengumpulkan data dengan sangat banyak dari berbagai sumber dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi dengan visualisasi tren atau menyingkapkan pengetahuan dari suatu peristiwa yang terjadi baik dimasa lalu, sekarang, maupun akan datang dengan kecepatan pemrosesan data sangat tinggi. Analisis prediktif memberikan wawasan analisis lebih dalam dan kemunculan machine learning membawa analisis data ke tingkat yang lebih tinggi dengan bantuan teknologi kecerdasan buatan dalam tahap pemrosesan data mentah. Analisis prediktif dan machine learning menghasilkan laporan berbentuk visual untuk pengambil keputusan dan pemangku kepentingan. Berkenaan dengan keamanan siber, big data menjanjikan kesempatan dalam rangka untuk mencegah dan mendeteksi setiap serangan canggih siber dengan memanfaatkan data keamanan internal dan eksternal.Kata Kunci: analisis prediktif, big data, intelijen, keamanan siber, sains dataAbstract – Data are the prominent elements in scientific researches and approaches. Data Science methodology is used to select and to prepare enormous numbers of data for further processing and analysing. Big Data technology collects vast amount of data from many sources in order to exploit the information and to visualise trend or to discover a certain phenomenon in the past, present, or in the future at high speed processing capability. Predictive analytics provides in-depth analytical insights and the emerging of machine learning brings the data analytics to a higher level by processing raw data with artificial intelligence technology. Predictive analytics and machine learning produce visual reports for decision makers and stake-holders. Regarding cyberspace security, big data promises the opportunities in order to prevent and to detect any advanced cyber-attacks by using internal and external security data.Keywords: big data, cyber security, data science, intelligence, predictive analytic
PENINGKATAN FEMALE PEACEKEEPERS INDONESIA DALAM MISI PEMELIHARAAN PERDAMAIAN PBB
Get PDFAbstrak – Misi Pemeliharaan Perdamaian mengalami evolusi yang meliputi pendekatan kemanusiaan yang lebih luas, personel wanita semakin meningkat menjadi bagian dari keluarga misi pemeliharaan perdamaian.PBB telah meminta lebih banyak penggelaran female peacekeepers guna memperkuat pendekatan “holistik†secara keseluruhan terhadap operasi-operasi pemeliharaan perdamaian PBB saat ini.Banyak yang harus dilakukan dalam mengintegrasikan lebih banyak female peacekeepers kedalam misi-misi PBB. Lebih banyak female peacekeepers yang terlatih akan menjadi aset bagi masa depan operasi-operasi pemeliharaan perdamaian.Pada bulan Oktober 2000 Dewan Keamanan PBB telah menetapkan Resolusi 1325 mengenai Wanita, Perdamaian dan Keamanan. Resolusi tersebut dipandang sebagai resolusi landmark dimana pertama kali, Dewan Keamanan mengakui kontribusi wanita selama dan pasca konflik. Sejak ditetapkannya Resolusi 1325 tersebut, perhatian terhadap perspektif gender dalam agenda perdamaian internasional telah jelas ditempatkan dalam kerangka keamanan dan perdamaian yang lebih luas. Artikel ini menjelaskan peningkatan kontribusi jumlah personel female peacekeepers Indonesia pada periode 2009-2016 dan membahas mengapa Indonesia perlu mendukung dan mempertimbangkan mengirimkan lebih banyak female peacekeepers dalam operasi-operasi pemeliharaan perdamaian PBB.Kata Kunci : Pemelihara perdamaian wanita, gender, Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa, pemeliharaan perdamaian, IndonesiaAbstract – As peacekeeping has evolved to encompass a broader humanitarian approach, women personels have become increasingly part of the peacekeeping family.The UN has called for more deployment of female peacekeepers to enhance the overall “holistic†approach to current UN peacekeeping operations. There is clearly more work to be done to integrate more female peacekeepers into UN missions. More skilled and trained female peacekeepers can only be an asset to future peacekeeping operations.In October 2000, the UN Security Council adopted Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security. The resolution was hailed as a landmark resolution in that for the fi¬rst time, the Security Council recognised the contribution women make during and post-conflict. Since the adoption of Resolution 1325, attention to gender perspectives within the international peace agenda has ¬firmly been placed within the broader peace and security framework. This article explains the development of Indonesian female peacekeepers contribution in the period of 2009-20016 and argues why Indonesia needs to support and to consider deploying more female peacekeepers in UN peacekeeping operations.Keywords: female peacekeepers, gender, United Nations, peacekeeping, Indonesi
PEMETAAN KEPENTINGAN KEAMANAN MARITIM NEGARA-NEGARA ASIA TIMUR DAN POSISI STRATEGIS INDONESIA THE (MAPPING OF EAST ASIAN COUNTRIES’ INTERESTS ON MARITIME SECURITY AND INDONESIA’S STRATEGIC POSITION)
Get PDFAbstrak – Kawasan Asia Timur yang meliputi Asia Tenggara dan Asia Timur Laut mempunyai wilayah perairan yang sangat kaya dan strategis. Ada beberapa permasalahan yang terjadi di wilayah tersebut, terutama sengketa batas laut dan tindakan saling klaim. Berdasarkan Analisis Regional Security Complexes (RSC), kepentingan bersama negara-negara di kawasan Asia Timur, khususnya negara-negara yang berkonflik, adalah terorisme, perompakan, penyelundupan, dan stabilitas ekonomi. Negara-negara tersebut tidak dapat disatukan pemikiran dan kebijakannya pada tataran politis karena adanya sengketa wilayah yang berpotensi peperangan. Indonesia mempunyai kepentingan ekonomi dan politik yang tinggi di bidang keamanan maritim. Kepentingan tersebut dapat dicapai dengan berfokus pada kepentingan bersama negara-negara di kawasan, khususnya di bidang perekonomian. Walaupun berada pada tingkatan yang berbeda, hampir semua negara di kawasan mempunyai kepentingan ekonomi yang tinggi di dalam pengamanan maritim. Indonesia dapat mendorong peningkatan kerja sama penanganan keamanan maritim dengan dalih menjaga stabilitas ekonomi kawasan. Kata Kunci : Asia Timur, Indonesia, keamanan maritim, kepentingan, posisi strategis  Abstract – East Asia which consists of Southeast and Northeast has a rich and strategic water area. Actually, there are some problems in this area, especially about border disputes and claimed area. Based on Regional Security Complexes (RSC) Analysis, the countries in East Asia, particularly conflicting countries, have the same issues to talk and negotiate, such as piracy, smuggling, and economic stability. Those countries will never be in one voice politically because the disputes happened among them potentially able to cause the war. Indonesia, as one of the countries in Southeast Asia, has high economic and political interests in the maritime security. Those interests can be achieved by focusing on the common interests, especially in the economical life. Although they stay in different level, almost all countries in the region have high economic interests in the maritime security. Indonesia can support the increasing of cooperation on maritime security by keeping economic stability of the region. Keywords: East Asia, Indonesia, interest, maritime security, strategic positio
DUKUNGAN KAMPANYE MILITER TERHADAP DIPLOMASI INDONESIA DI PERBATASAN DARAT INDONESIA – TIMOR LESTE
Get PDFAbstrak - Sejak Timor –Timur (sekarang Timor Leste) memisahkan diri dari Republik Indonesia membawa dampak permasalahan eksodus masyarakat Timor Leste ke Indonesia dan perbatasan tentang penetapan delimitasi wilayah perbatasan kedua negara yang disebut daerah Un-resolved segment dan Un-Surveyed, sehingga keberadaan Satgas pasukan penjaga perbatasan (Satgas Pamtas) sangat penting sebagai bentuk kampanye militer untuk mendukung diplomasi Indonesia dalam menyelesaikan isu – isu tersebut. Postur, penempatan dan pelaksanaan tugas Satgas Pamtas dan Gelar pasukan di wilayah perbatasan menjadi hal yang penting untuk menjaga keamanan negara dan membangun saling percaya antara kedua negara. Dukungan alat peralatan yang memadai sangat dibutuhkan Satgas Pamtas, pada kegiatan sub meeting bidang keamanan joint border meeting peran Satgas pamtas menentukan regulasi pengawasan perbatasan bersama pihak Timor Leste dan menjamin daerah un-resolved dan un-surveyed bebas dari pengelolaan yang dapat menyebabkan timbulnya konflik. Dukungan kampanye militer dalam bentuk penjagaan dan penghentian pembangunan pada daerah konflik akan menjamin stabilitas wilayah sehingga penyelesaian secara diplomasi terkait sengketa perbatasan lebih mudah dilakukan.Kata Kunci: Kampanye Militer, DiplomasiAbstract – Since East Timor (now Timor Leste) secedes from Republik Indonesia, this brought the issues about Timor Leste people exodus to Indonesia and delimitation border area between the two countries, which called as unresolved segment and unsurveyed. Therefore, the existence of Border Guard Force (Satgas Pamtas) is very important as a form of military campaign to support Indonesia’s diplomacy in resolving those issues. Posture, placement and execution of Satgas Pamtas and troops deploying in border area become important matters to maintain national security and build mutual trust between the two countries. Adequate equipment support is needed by the Satgas Pamtas. At the sub-meeting in security field, joint border meeting, Satgas Pamtas’ roles are to determine the regulation of joint supervision in the border area and to ensure the unresolved and unsurveyed areas free from the management that can lead to conflict. Military campaign support in the form of guarding and development termination in conflict areas will ensure the stability of the region. Thus, diplomatic settlement of border disputes is easier to do.Keywords: Military Campaign, Diplomac
Indonesian Future Strategic Defense Planning
Get PDFThis paper is intended to examine how strategic defense planning of Indonesia during strategic areas of Southeast Asia (ASEAN) 2015 - 2020. Issues that develop in ASEAN seems so complex and dynamic. Indonesia’s defense is an interesting phenomenon. Based on these timeframes we can formulate a strategic planning for future defense. The results show that besides, developing defense policy and defense planning in the form of comprehensive strengthening of structure and posture of Indonesia’s defense. Indonesia needs to strengthen its defense diplomacy towards countries in Southeast Asia by strengthening the base of posture and defense structure associated with the vision of the world maritime axis so as to achieve a sustainable Minimum Essential Force (MEF)